2022年中考英语语法总结-王牌初中英语培训 .docx

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1、精品_精品资料_首字母讲解学问预备问同学：你明白首字母吗？1. 首字母显现在卷子的哪一部分？2. 题号是？3. 共几个？4. 占几分？师：首字母的比重：首字母填空7 个, 14 分,占阅读部分的28% ,占试卷总分的 9.3%测试内容1. 文章短小、精致,字数通常100-150 之间2. 考查的单词涉及的词性较广,几乎涉及到了十大词类3. 文中涉及的语言学问面较宽,同学需运用已学过的词法、句法 及常用 词组、短语、惯用法 等学问4. 短文的体裁不一,有 记叙文、说明文、谈论文等文体.解题步骤首字母填空三步走：1. 通读短文2. 判定词性,仔细分析,填写单词3. 细心检查解题技巧首字母五大技巧：

2、1. 依照固定搭配 进行填词2. 依照词性判定 进行填词3. 依照结构关键词 进行填词4. 依照句意懂得 进行填词5. 依照高频词汇 进行填词对“症”下“药”2022 年一模2022 年一模崇明县、嘉定区、金山区、徐汇区、卢湾区、虹口区崇明县、闸北区、金山区、徐汇区、杨浦区2022 年一模崇明县、嘉定区、金山区、浦东新区、杨浦区 依照固定词组搭配或固定的句式结构进行填词可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_练习1. W2. It was a lhis help, the old man was safe. The boy thanked him very much. earlier.

3、可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_3. The healthier those teeth are, the hyou look. Why is that.4. Take your time while brushing. Spend at l3 minutes each time you brush.小结：固定搭配常考： 动词,名词,介词,形容词等.所以,平常 积存考纲词组 很重要 . 依照词性判定进行填词可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_词性判定能帮忙削减错误,快速得出答案且常考的九大词类当中,有三种词 仅通过词性判定即能快速得出答案：代词,介词,连词缘由： 数

4、量不多,但又是一模常考词类.介词连词代词可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2022 年一模宝山、 长宁、浦东、 奉贤、闵行、长宁、虹口、浦东、闸北普陀、青浦宝山、浦东、奉贤、黄埔、普陀、可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2022 年一模宝山、 长宁、浦东、 崇明、虹口、徐汇、金山崇明、 奉贤、 杨浦、 浦东、闸北、虹口、静安崇明、 杨浦、 浦东、 长宁、奉贤、 黄浦、 静安可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2022 年一模奉贤、虹口、徐汇、长宁、闵行闸北奉贤2022 年一模练习1. One of the most lovely of Hong Kong

5、.s animals is the barking deer. They are beautiful littleanimalsw91a rich brown coat and a white patch under the tail. （ 2022 一模奉贤区）2. “B 89 every dog lover there is a story,”says Dr. Davis. “Why do people love their dogs so much. If you hear their stories, it .s not difficult to understand why. ”（

6、2022 一模普陀区）小结：连词 位于句子间.介词 位于 名词前.代词 用来做 主宾语. another, other, every, one仍可用来做 定语.3. Then you can rwith a good story and have a rest quietly.4. H, television has not killed reading. Today, newspapers and magazines sell in very large numbers. And books of every kind are sold more than ever before. 依据结构

7、关键词进行填词练习1. Imagine sitting down at the dinner tableand b86served a bowl of worms. （ 2022 宝山区）2. There are suggestionsto separate the sexes and teach boys separately. There is also a92to change the curriculum to make it more interesting for boys to achieve their goals.（ 2022 闵行区）3. Brush your teeth

8、ta day after breakfast and before bedtime.小结 ：巧用结构关键词并列关系： also, as well, and, or, but, than, rather than, as well as, f romto, instead of 等说明 /说明关系： 破折号、冒号、括号等 依据句意懂得懂得上下文是使用最多,最直接的方法.技巧： 1. 抓住句子主干 （主谓宾）.2. 精确分析从句 （定从,宾从,状从） .3. 把握文中的 转折,否定,消极/积极语境 .4. 动手划出关键词,句 .用括号 标出从句 .练习1. At that moment the l

9、ast flash of the blue car d91under the water. （2022 一模嘉定区）2. One Sunday afternoon, Mr.Whitedrove his new car to his friend.s house happily. He wanted to phis friend up at five and then went to see a new movie together.小结：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1. 翻译句子,不是意会,是找到主谓宾,有代词的找出其指代的意思,精确翻译2. 留意句子的结构分析,特别是主从

10、复合句. 依据高频词汇进行填词在做题没有思路,但是对单词词性有把握判定的时候,依据体会猜词 ,也是绝处逢生的好方法；如以 o 开头的高频词汇：动词： organize, order, own, open, operate, offer, obey, observe, etc.名词 /代词： owner, opinion, organization, order, officer, ones, etc.形容词： official, other, own, ordinary, old, open, online, etc.副词： often, only, once, etc.练习1. Of cou

11、rse, mirrors could be used owhen the sun was shining. At night, Indians used fire arrows for signaling. （ 2022 一模浦东新区）2. So they move out.Some don.t go very far, just a littleway out of the city, to the towns near the cities.Opeople move to the real countryside, with sheep and cows and green fields.

12、（ 2022 一模杨浦区）小结：高频词汇分两类,一是常常考到的词汇,二是考纲中量很少的词汇.在没有思路的情形下,将积存的高频词汇一一带入,意思合理的即是答案.高频词汇总结C 开头的 副词： completely, clearly, correctly, carefully R 开头的 副词： rather, really, recently, rarelyK 开头的 动词： kill, know, kick, keep, knockH 开头的 副词： happily, hard, hardly, heavily, however.阶梯训练法Step1: chunk 训练法显现频率很高 , 使用

13、形式及使用的语境比较固定,就像一个板块一样,大于单词的结构都归于“词块”1. Mary has nworked as hard as her sister.2. The problem is so dthat no one can work out.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_3. Those who know the answer to the question can raise yourh.Step2: 在本句中查找信息1. U, it is not a very good job, 03 年中考 2. One day, Jeff toldhis friend tha

14、t he.d fallen in love and planned to get married the n months.（ 04 年中考）3. As your reading improves, you will probably find your schoolwork becomes much e.（ 05年中考）4. I asked him whe was going and he said he was going to work. （06 年中考）5. Then we started talking about school days and the people we both

15、 used to k. （ 06 年中考）6. I live here with my husband Joe and our tchildren, Patrick, 11, and, Abby, 8.（ 08 年中考）可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Step3: 在句群中查找信息1. Most of my friends like loud music that they can dance to. I prefer q, traditional music, so the concert suited me very well.2. If you read as a hob

16、by you will get better and better at it. This mthat you will read faster and will become better at understanding what you read.3. Some people say that reading is out of date. This is not true. You have to be able to read to use a computer and, the better you read, the better your computer skills wil

17、l be. Reading is houtof date. （ 05 年中考）4. Hi. My name is Stephen and I live in a small flat in London. I chose to live here because there is never a bmoment in a city like London. I.m an art student and the busy life in a city does good to my painting.（ 08 年中考）Step4: 在段落中查找信息1. Reading books is a go

18、od hobby for all kinds of reasons.First, Next, Agood reason for reading is that it is useful.2. Of course, London, likeany large city, has p, too.Londoners don.t chat on the underground or the bus and there is much less community spirit than in the country, where my parentslive. In fact, they don.t

19、understand how I can pu t up with the noise pollution, and traffic jams.3. Of course, country life also has wpoints. We feel isolated sometimes, too, especially since the nearest neighbors are almost 100 km away. 4. In the early 1930s, people in the US often did not know when or where their next mea

20、l was. So as soonas they got something in their hand that could be eaten, it would go into their mouth. That was how people began to use the idiom“ living hand to mouth” to mean“ lliivfeing a”p.5. There are many idioms in English. If you learn to use them, your English will be much more vivid and co

21、lorful. Have you ever heard the idiom“He bought the farm. ”It means he died. Do you know how it became popular. It was fused in World War I. When a soldier died, the government gavehis family enough money to buy a farm.小结：首字母解题五大技巧是什么？高分妙招,学霸都知道：做完首字母后要检查1. 动词形状 （形式、时态 /语态）2. 名词单复数,大小写3. 形容词副词比较级最高级

22、首字母填空的“三级警报”1. “一级警报” ：动词原形危急系数：高危在首字母填空中填入 动词原形 属于高度危急的一级警报.在填入动词时,必需考虑到动词的人称和时态变化 .【例】 All of a sudden, I was crowded by a group of people who ome support and gave me strength to face my difficulties.【解析 】空格中填入的词应是动词的过去式 ,与 and 之后的 gave 相对应.因此,此题的正确答案是offered【注】在首字母填空中,填入动词原形也是有可能的,例如在情态动词之后 或者在 m

23、ake sb. do sth.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_这样的 宾语补足语 结构中,需要填入动词原形.2. “二级警报” ：可数名词的单数危急系数：中危在首字母填空中,假如空格之前没有a 或 an,那么在空格中填入 可数名词的单数 属于中度危急的二级警报.在填入可数名词时,必需考虑到可数名词的单复数 .【例】 At my birthday party, he gave me beautiful fas my birthday present.【解析】许多同学会想到空格中应填入flower.然而, flower 是可数名词 ,在此题中,没有 a 或者量词修饰 flower

24、,因此,必需填入flower 的复数形式 flowers.3. “三级警报” ：形容词和副词的原级危急系数：低危在首字母填空中,填入形容词和副词的原级 也具有肯定的危急性,形容词和副词原级属于低度危急的三级警报.在一些情形下,需要填入形容词和副词的比较级 或者最高级 .【例】 The garden is very beautiful . I have never seen a none.【解析】填入空格的词应当是与beautiful 相对应的 nice .但是, I have never seen a none. 是一句否定句,而在空格之前又显现了不定冠词a,依据英语的表达习惯,在否定句中,

25、不定冠词 a 加形容词的比较级具有最高级的意义.因此,空格中应填入nicer. 后半句句子的意思是：我从来没见过更美丽的一个花园.言下之意即是：这是我见过的最美丽的花园.Note ：做好首字母填空要留意以下几点1. 单词量许多同学做不好首字母填空很重要的缘由是学过的单词没把握.每当看到一个首字母, 脑子中应当快速闪过好几个词,然后依据句意挑选最合适的一个.或者反过来,用意义对单词,先看句子是什么意思,然后依据意思填出合适的单词.2. 平常留意积存 词组 、习惯用法 和固定搭配 .（我建议每人备个笔记本,自己整理.除了课本上的,平常考卷上易错的都整理到本子上,常常拿出来翻翻巩固一遍, 下次再遇到

26、类似的就会很快想到.）（老师会帮你们整理一份这学期的重点词组,由于我们没法生活在全英的环境中,所以学英语仍是要多看多记）3. 肯定留意 上下句 的联系.许多情形下,要填的单词在上文或者下文显现过,所以说试卷中不是没有答案,而是你要有一双发觉答案的眼睛.譬如,常在一句话中,会显现反义词、近义词等 有提示作用的关键词.4. 利用词性 帮忙判定.依据上下文 及句子结构判定词性,再结合首字母确定该词的意思.（要有肯定的 句法学问 ）5. 留意检查 .这里有个方法可以一试, 默读 , 利用语感和自己的语法学问填空.假如读着不顺, 极有可能有错误.首字母填空练习D. Read the passage an

27、d fill in the blanks with proper words （ 14 分）n.adj.v.phrase passage 走廊horrible 可怕的crashed 踫撞fell down 倒下flames 火焰opposite 相反的dropped 掉picked it up 捡起direction方向screamed 尖叫difficulty困难recognizing 认出A fire 中等 “ Fire. Fire.” What horrible words to hear when one wakes up in a strange house in the middl

28、e of the night. It was a large, wooden house and my room was on the top floor. I jumped out of bed, opened the可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_door and s92out into the passage. It was full of thick smoke.I began to run, but asI was still only half awake, instead of going towards the stairsI wentin the opposi

29、te direction. The smoke grew t93and I could see flames all around and the floor became hot under my bare feet. I found an open door and ran into a room to get to the window. But before I could reach it, one of my feet was caught in something soft and I fell down. The thing I had fell over was l94a b

30、undle of clothes, and I picked it up to protect my face from smoke and heat. Just then the floor gave way under me and I crashed to the below with pieces of wood all around me.I saw a flaming doorway in front, put the bundle of clothes over my face and ran. The fire around myfeet burned me t 95 , bu

31、t I got through. As I reached the cold air outside, my bundle of clothesgave a thin cry. I nearly dropped it in my s 96 . Then I saw a crowd gathered in the street. A woman in a night dress and a borrowed man.s coat screamed when she saw me and came running ma dly. “ Mybaby. My baby. ”she cried. The

32、 crowd cheered widely as she took the smoke bundle out of my a首字母首字母单词词性词义Ssteppedv.迈步tthickera.更厚的llikeprep.像tterriblyadv.严峻的ssurprisen.惊奇aarmsn.手臂ssavedv.救97 . I had some difficulty in recognizing her. She was Mayor.s wife, and I had s98 her baby. I was a hero.考点难度系数此句表一系列动作：先下床再开门,然后可编辑资料 - - - 欢

33、迎下载精品_精品资料_该走出去主语是烟,烟变的厚可以想出,但是想到用比较级 是比较难把握的可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_主要依据句意：这个东西像一捆衣服本句不缺少成分,很明显是要填副词 ,形容火是怎么样烧我的脚的词本句中说：我几乎要掉了这捆东西,看出我很是 惊讶比较简洁,是从我的 手臂里拿走从后句中：我是个英雄,看出是我救了 这 个孩子特点： 1. 词性为 v. 2; n. 2; adj. 1; adv. 1; prep. 12. 3 个 s, 2 个 t3. 考点基本是依据 上下文的懂得 进行推测,其中 93 题简洁出错4. 其中 92 和 96 是词组可编辑资料 - -

34、- 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_课外练习首字母专项C. Fill in the blanks with proper words 在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使其内容通顺,每空 格限填一词,首字母已给）（ 14 分） 参考 HP-2022ADo you get angry when your friends sing loudly while you are trying to work or when your best friend does not wait for you after school.If you do, you need to take control of your fe

35、elings. Getting angry with others can cause you to l81friends.Gray Egeberg, an American high school teacher, has written a book namedMy Feelings AreLikeWild Animals to help you control your feelings. The book tells how to stay cool when b82things happen.The book says that getting angry only makes pr

36、oblems w 83 . It can never make them better. “Getting angry is not a natural way to act,”the book says. “It.s just a habit, like smoking. ”The book says you can control your feelings e 84 . all you have to do is to tellyourself not to be angry.The book gives many tips to help you if you get angry fr

37、equently. Here are the top three. Keep a r85. Every time you get angry, write down why you are angry. Look at it later and you will see you get angry so often. Ask your friends to s86talking to you when you get angry. Leave you alone.This will teach you not to be angry. Do something d87. When you ge

38、t angry, walk away from the problem and go somewhere else. Try to laugh.C. Fill in the blanks with proper words 在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使其内容通顺,每空 格限填一词,首字母已给）（ 14 分） 参考 JA/QP-2022AWho is managing things in your town or city. Someone repairs a broken windowin the library. Someone makessurethetrafficlightswork.

39、Someone pumpscleanwaterintopipes.Someone c81for the animals in the zoo.The people who do these jobs are part of the government. In most towns or cities, they work for themayor. The mayor works with other o82. They manage the city and make sure that the work gets done. They fix old things, like roads

40、 and bridges. They build new things, like schools and parks. If peoplec83, they listen carefully. Then they change things that are wrong. For example, if a law isn.tf84to some people, they change it. They try to do what the people want.Election Day is report card time. If people think the city gover

41、nment is doing fine, they might k85the same mayor. If there are problems, they might elect a new mayor.On Election Day, people go to different places to vote. Then all the votes are c86. The mayormay win or lose. For the winner, there is lots of excitement. There is a big party with balloons f87 in

42、the air.The next day, it.s time to run the city or town again. The mayor must do a good job. The office可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_members must work hard, too. After all, in a few years, there will be another Election Day.C. Fill in the blanks with proper words 在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使其内容通顺,每空 格限填一词,首字母已给） （ 14

43、分） 参考 PD-2022AYou know that eating a sensible diet and getting plenty of exercise help make your body healthy and strong. But do you know that there are ways to make your brain healthier and smarter. Here are seven steps toward a smarter brain.Limit your TV viewingNever spend too much time on TV vie

44、wing, for it n81very little brain activities. Your brainwillbecome weak just as yourmuscles do. Ifyou do watch TV, choose something educational and meaningful.Travel可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Travellingto a82 stimulation to the brain.Learn a new languagecountryforces youtosee and do things ina freshway

45、, bringing可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Learninga new language involves differentlearning methods. Learning a language sharpens your brain and helps prevent memory p83that you may meet in later years.Read oftenAs you read, take the time to look up people or places that aren.t familiar.Reading makes your vocabulary much l84if you always search for words and definitions that you don.t know. Each week, choo