2022年高考英语被动语态陷阱题总结归纳.docx

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1、精品_精品资料_高考英语被动语态陷阱题总结归纳高考英语陷阱题总结归纳 被动语态典型陷阱题分析1. “ Do you like the materia？l ” “ Yes, it very soft.”A. is feelingB. feltC. feelsD. is felt【陷阱】此题简单误选 D,想当然的依据 “这布料摸起来很松软 ”这一句意,认为 “布料”应是 “被摸”,所以 feel 选用被动语态. 【分析】其实,此题正确答案为 C,由于 feel 在此为连系动词,而连系动词均为不及物动词,不能用于被动语态,尽管有时其汉语意思有被动意味.请看以下类似例子 （答案均为 D）：（1） He

2、r foreheadhot. I m afraid she is ill.A. is feelingB. feltC. is feltD. feels（2） The new school has been completed. Itvery beautiful.A. is lookedB. lookedC. has lookedD. looks（3） The dishnice, but the milksour.A. is smelt,is smeltB. is smelt,smellsC. smells, is smeltD. smells, smells（4） The story of h

3、is lifeinteresting.A. is soundedB. is soundingC. has soundedD. sounds2. He was angryyour work. He said that heat all.A. at, didn t satisfyB. to, didn t satisfyC. at, wasn t satisfiedD. to, wasn t satisfied【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能被误选.【分析】正确答案为 C. be angry at （about ） sth 意为“对某事愤怒 ”,很多同学常按汉语意思将其中的介词at （about ） 换

4、成 to,这是错误的.另外,很多同学将汉语的 “不中意 ”直译为 not satisfy ,这是是不对的, 由于,satisfy 在现代英语中只用作及物动词,其意不是 “中意”而是“使（人）中意 ”,所以其后不能没有宾语,除非本身是被动语态（或是系表结构）.精编陷阱题训练1. The presidenta cool reception when he visited London.A. gaveB. was givenC. had givenD. had been given2. A red sky in the morningto be a sign of bad weather.A. sa

5、ysB. is sayingC. has saidD. is saidw .3 If you go there alone after dark you might get.A. attacked and robbedB. attacking and robbingB. to attack and robD. to be attacked and robbed4. What I wanted to know was when and where the meeting.A. was holdingB. had heldC. was to holdD. was to be held5. New

6、medicines and instrumentsevery day to extend life.A. developB. are being developedC. are developingD. have developed6. I ll come after the meeting if time.A. permitsB. is permittingC. is permittedD. has permitted7. The students50 a year to cover the cost of books and stationery.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品

7、资料_IT.A. giveB. are givenC. have givenD. to give8. With the development of science, more new technologyto the fields ofA.hasintroducedB.isbeingintroducedC.isintroducedD.was可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_introduced9. “ How about the dishes, Dear？” “ The beef didn t taste very good. Ittoo long. ”A. cookedB.

8、had been cookedC. was cookedD. had cooked10. He kept a little notebook, in whichthe names and addresses of his可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_friends.A. wroteB. was writingC. was writtenD. were written11. “ Loo；k Everything here is under construction.” “ What is the small building that for ？A. is beingbuild

9、ingB. has been builtC. is builtD. is being built12. Hundreds of jobsif the factory closes.A. loseB. will be lostC. are lostD. will lose13. A red sky in the morningto be a sign of bad weather.A. saysB. is sayingC. has saidD. is said14. New medicines and instrumentsevery day to extend life.A. developB

10、.arebeingdevelopedC.aredevelopingD. have developed【答案与解析】1. 选 B. 一方面语意要求要被动语态,另一方面从句时态示意主句应用一般过去时.2. 选 D. 此句也可说成 It is said that a red sky in the morningis a sign of bad weather.3. 选 A,“ get +过去分词 ”表被动.4. 选 D,从规律上说, “会议”应是被开,故用被动式.5. 选 B. 从语境上看, develop不仅要用被动语态,而且要用进行时态.6. 选 A,该用法中的 permit为不及物动词, 不用

11、被动语态.其中 if time permits也可换成 time permitting.7. 选 B. 谓语为 give sb sth结构的被动语态形式.8. 选 B. 技术应当是 “被”引进,故用被动语态.依据语境句子应用现在进行时.9. 选 B.从句意上看, “牛肉”应当是 “被”煮,故句子要用被动语态.从时间上看,由于句中有 didn t taste very good,所以“煮得太久 ”应当在这一过去时间之前, 故用过去完成时.10. 选 D.in which were written the names and addresses为倒装句式,其正常表达为 the names and

12、addresses of his friends were written in the notebook.11. 选 D. 由于 building应当是 “被建”,故用被动语态.再依据前文的look,under construction等信息词可知,此处应用现在进行时态.12. 选 B.jobs 与 lose 应为被动关系,故用被动语态.再依据条件状语从句中的一般现在时可知主句以用一般将来时为宜.13. 选 D.由于主语 a red sky与谓语动词 say 之间为被动关系,故用被动语态.14. 选 B.由于“新的药物和器械 ”与“开发”之间为被动关系,故用被动语态.动词用法与辨析典型陷阱题

13、分析1. If you want to sell your product you mustit.A. advertiseB. advertise forC. advertise onD. advertiseto【陷阱】简单误选 B,认为 advertise的意思是 “做广告 ”,advertise for的意思 “为做广告 ”.【分析】事实上,正确答案为A.advertise可用作及物和不及物动词：用作及物动 词时,其意为 “为 做广告 ”、“登广告宣扬 ”.用作不及物动词时, 其意为 “做广告 ”、“登广告”,此时通常后接介词for,表示 “做广告征求 ”.比较：advertise for

14、 sth（ sb） 登广告征求或查找某物或某人（此时 advertise不及物）advertise sth为 登广告,登广告宣扬 （此时 advertise是及物动词,其后要直接跟被宣扬的东西作宾语）People advertise things that they wish to sell.人们为要卖的东西登广告.The manager wants to advertise for a new secretary.经抱负登广告聘请一位新秘书.再比较以下用例：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_advertise jobs登广告招人advertise for jobs登广告求职2.

15、 No matter how much you ve learned and how high a standard of education you have had, you mustthe people heart and soul.A. serveB. serve forw .C. serve toD. serve on【陷阱】简单误选 B,即字对字的翻译汉语的 “全心全意为人民服务 ”,将其中的 “为”译为 for.【分析】答案选 A, serve意为“为 服务 ”,可直接用作及物动词,其后不能按汉语意思误加介词 for.请看以下类似例子：（1） Iyou yesterday, bu

16、t you weren t in.A. rangB. rang toC. rang withD. rang to答案选 A, ring 可以用作及物动词,表示 “给 打电话 ”,故其后不用介词.（2） Neither of her parents wanted her toher cousin.A. marryB. marry toC. marry withD. marry for答案选 A,marry可用作及物或不及物动词,用作及物动词时它的意思“与 结婚”,而不仅仅是 “结婚”,也就是说,后接宾语时,无需用介词to, with等.（3） How can Iyou, Mr. Green？A.

17、 contactB. contact withC. contact toD. contact for答案选 A, contact为及物动词,表示 “与 联系”,其后不接介词.3. According to the rules, students must nottheir books during examinations.A. readB. watchC. noticeD. look at【陷阱】简单误选 A.由于依据英语一般习惯：看书看报用动词read ,看电视用动词 watch ,看电影用动词 see,看竞赛用动词 watch ,看黑板用动词 look at ,等等.【分析】一般说来,汉

18、语的“看书”至少有两层意思,一是指阅读性的看书,即看书读书,此时通常用动词 read .另一种看书就不是指阅读性的看书,而只是大致的翻一翻或看一看,比如看看书的封面、定价、内容提要等,或者回答疑题时看看书的某些章节或字句以及考试时偷看书本等等,此时通常都不宜用动词read ,而应依据情形选用其他动词（如 look at ）.又如：Let me have a look at the book.让我看看或翻翻这本书.Please answer my questions without looking at your books.请不看书回答我的问题.4. “ I love traveling. I

19、 hope to go with you this time.” “ But does your mother you to go ？”A. letB. agreeC. allowD. promise【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选.【分析】正确答案为 C.不能选 A 是由于 let 后用作宾语补足语的不定式不能带to. 不能选 B 是由于动词 agree习惯上不用于agree sb to do sth 这一句式.不能选 D 是由于在 promise sb to do sth这一句式中, to do sth的规律主语是 promise的主语而不其是宾语, 比如 He promised me to

20、 go的意思是 “他答应我, 他去”,而不是“他答应我让我去 ”.之所以能选 C,是由于 allow sb to do sth （答应某人做某事）与上文语境刚好吻合.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_5. If they action against them.to make heart-feltapologiessoon we will have to bring an可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A. disagreedB. refused C. agreedD. hoped【陷阱】简单误选 A,依据 agree to do sth（同意做某事） ,想当然的

21、类推出 disagree to do sth （不同意或不情愿做某事）.【分析】事实上,语言有很多问题是不能类推的,如上面这一例,英语可说agreeto do sth ,但习惯上却不说 disagree to do sth. 类似的,英语中可说 like doing to do sth,但在现代英语中习惯上说 dislike doing sth ,却不说 dislike to do sth. 其实上面一题的正确答案是 B,refuse to do sth 意为“拒绝做某事 ”或“不愿做某事 ”.6. They own two cars, not to a motorbike.可编辑资料 - -

22、 - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A. speak 高.考.资.源.网,你.身.边.的.高.考.专.家 B. sayC. talk 高.考.资.源.网,你.身.边.的.高.考.专.家 D. mention【陷阱】很简单依据 “他们拥有两辆小汽车,更不用说一辆摩托车了”这一中文语境而挑选 B.【分析】其实正确答案为 D.由于 not to say和 not to mention均为习语,但其含义区分甚大：not to mention 更不用说,此外仍有not to say 虽不能说,即使不能说It is warm, not to say hot.天气虽说不上热,但也够暖了.He was impoli

23、te, not to say rude.他即使不是粗鲁,至少也是没有礼貌.Th ere re ten of us ready to help, not to mention the children.我们有 10 个人情愿帮忙,仍不算小孩.They have three dogs to look after, not to mention the cat and the bird.他们有三只狗要照料,更别提那只猫和鸟了.7. “ Do your parents agree to your doing that ？” “ Yes, of course. In fact, theyalways m

24、e to try something new.”A. hopeB. suggestC. supportD. encourage【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选.由于如仅从汉语意思来看,四个选项均可填入空格处.【分析】其实此题的正解答案是D.由于在以上四个选项中,只有encourage可后接不定式的复合结构作宾语, 即可用于 encourage sb to do sth ,而其余三者均不行后接不定式的复合结构作宾语,即英语中习惯上不说hope sb to do sth, suggest sb todo sth, support sb to do sth.顺便说一句,以下英汉语表达也有类似差别,请留

25、意： 汉语说 “期望某人做某事 ”,但英语不说hope sb to do sth.汉语说 “同意某人做某事 ”,但英语不说agree sb to do sth.汉语说 “不同意某人做某事 ”,但英语不说 disagree sb to do sth.汉语说 “可怕某人做某事”,但英语不说fear sb to do sth.汉语说 “拒绝某人做某事”,但英语不说refuse sb to do sth.汉语说 “惩处某人做某事”,但英语不说punish sb to do sth.汉语说 “建议某人做某事”,但英语不说suggest sb to do sth.汉语说 “建议某人做某事”,但英语不说pr

26、opose sb to do sth.汉语说 “赞成某人做某事”,但英语不说approve sb to do sth.汉语说 “支配某人做某事”,但英语不说arrange sb to do sth.汉语说 “要求某人做某事”,但英语不说demand sb to do sth.汉语说 “感谢某人做某事”,但英语不说thank sb to do sth.汉语说 “指导某人做某事”,但英语不说guide sb to do sth.汉语说 “庆贺某人做某事”,但英语不说congratulate sb to do sth.汉语说 “阻挡某人做某事”,但英语不说prevent sb to do sth.汉

27、语说 “通知某人做某事”,但英语不说inform sb to do sth.汉语说 “欢迎某人做某事”,但英语不说welcome sb to do sth.汉语说 “陪伴某人做某事”,但英语不说accompany sb to do sth.要表示以上汉语意思,英语需改用其他说法.如：advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事wish sb to do sth / hope for sb to do sth 期望某人做某事arrnage for sb to do sth 支配某人做某事demand of sb to do sth 要求某人做某事thank sb for doing sth 感谢某人做了某事congratulate sb on doing sth 庆贺某人做了某事prevent sb from doing sth 阻挡某人做某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载