2022年英语专八考试真题及答案.docx

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1、精品_精品资料_QUESTION BOOKLETTEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS 2022-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT: 150 MINPART ILISTENING COMPREHENSION25 MINSECTION AMINI-LECTUREInthis section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCEONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task

2、on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the words youfill in is are both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is ov

3、er, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.SECTION BINTERVIEWIn this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY

4、. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.Now, listen to the Part One of the interview. Questions 1 to 5 a

5、re based on Part One of the interview.1. A. Maggie s university life.B. Her mom s life at Harvard.C. Maggie s view on studying with Mom.D. Maggie s opinion on her mom s major.1可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2. A. They take exams in the same weeks.B. They have similar lecture notes.C. They apply for the sam

6、e internship.D. They follow the same fashion.3. A. Having roommates.B. Practicing court trails.C. Studying together.D. Taking notes by hand.4. A. Protection.B. Imagination.C. Excitement.D. Encouragement.5. A. Thinking of ways to comfort Mom.B. Occasional interference from Mom.C. Ultimately calls whe

7、n Maggie is busy.D. Frequent check on Maggie s grades.Now, listen to the Part Two of the interview. Questions 6 to 10 are based on Part Two of the interview.6. A. Because parents need to be ready for new jobs.B. Because parents love to return to college.C. Because kids require their parents to do so

8、.D. Because kids find it hard to adapt to college life.7. A. Real estate agent.B. Financier.C. Lawyer.D. Teacher.8. A. Delighted.B. Excited.C. Bored.D. Frustrated.2可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_9. A. How to make a cake.B. How to make omelets.C. To accept what is taught.D. To plan a future career.10. A. Un

9、successful.B. Gradual.C. Frustrating.D. Passionate.PART IIREADING COMPREHENSION45 MINSECTION AMULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Ch

10、oose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1) There was music from my neighborhosuse through the summer nights. In his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne and the stars. At high tide in

11、the afternoon I watched his guests diving from the tower of his raft ortaking the sun on the hot sand of his beach while his two motor-boats slit the waters of the Sound, drawing aquaplanes（滑水板） over cataracts of foam. On weekends Mr. Gatsbys Rolls-Royce became an omnibus, bearing parties to and fro

12、m the city between nine in themorning and long past midnight, while his station wagon scampered like a brisk yellow bug to meet all trains. And on Mondays eight servants, including an extra gardener, toiled all day with scrubbing-brushes and hammer and garden-shears, repairing the ravages of the nig

13、ht before.(2) Every Friday five crates of oranges and lemons arrived from a fruiterer in New Yorkevery Monday these same oranges and lemons left his back door in a pyramid of pulpless halves. There was a machine in the kitchen which could extract the juice of two hundred oranges in halfan hour, if a

14、 little button was pressed two hundred times by a butlers thumb.(3) At least once a fortnight a corps of caterers came down with several hundred feet of canvas and enough colored lights to make a Christmas tree of Gatsby s enormgaorudsen. On buffet tables, garnished with glistening hors-d oeuvr（e 冷盘

15、） , spiced baked hams crowdedagainst salads of harlequin designs and pastry pigs and turkeys bewitched to a dark gold. In the3可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_main hall a bar witha real brass rail was set up, and stocked withgins and liquors and with cordials （加香甜酒）so long forgotten that most of his female g

16、uests were too young to know one from another.(4) By seven o clock the orchestra has arrivedno thin five-piece affair but a whole pitful of oboes and trombones and saxophones and viols and cornets and piccolos and low and high drums. The last swimmers have come in from the beach now and are dressing

17、 upstairs; the cars from New York are parked five deep in the drive, and already the halls and salons and verandasare gaudy withprimarycolors and hair shorn in strange new ways, and shawls beyond the dreams of Castile. The bar is in full swing, and floating rounds of cocktails permeate the garden ou

18、tside untilthe air is alive withchatter and laughter and casual innuendo and introductionsforgotten on the spot and enthusiastic meetings between women who never knew each othersnames.(5) The lights grow brighter as the earth lurches away from the sun and now the orchestra is playing yellow cocktail

19、 music and the opera of voices pitches a key higher. Laughter is easier, minute by minute, spilled with prodigality, tipped out at a cheerful word.(6) The groups change more swiftly, swell with new arrivals, dissolve and form in the same breath already there are wanderers, confidentgirlswho weave he

20、re and there among the stouter and more stable, become for a sharp, joyous moment the center of a group and thenexcited with triumph glide on through the sea-change of faces and voices and color under the constantly changing light.(7) Suddenly one of these gypsies in trembling opal, seizes a cocktai

21、l out of the air, dumps it down for courage and moving her hands like Frisco dances out alone on the canvas platform. A momentary hush; the orchestra leader varies his rhythm obligingly for her and there is a burst of chatter as the erroneous news goes around that she is Gilda Grays understudy from

22、theFolies. The party has begun.8I believe that on the first night I went to Gatsbys house I was one of the few guests whohad actually been invited. People were not invitedthey went there. They got into automobiles which bore them out to Long Island and somehow they ended up at Gatsbys door. Once the

23、rethey were introduced by somebody who knew Gatsby, and after that they conducted themselves according to the rules of behavior associated with amusement parks. Sometimes they came and went without having met Gatsby at all, came for the party with a simplicity of heart that was its own ticket of adm

24、ission.9I had been actually invited. A chauffeur in a uniform crossed my lawn early that Saturday morning with a surprisingly formal note from his employer the honor would be entirely Gatsby s, it said, if I would attend his “little party ”that night. He had seen me severaltimes and had intended to

25、call on me long before but a peculiar combination of circumstances had prevented it signed Jay Gatsby in a majestic hand.4可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_(10) Dressed up in white flannels I went over to his lawn a little after seven and wandered around rather ill-at-ease among swirls and eddies of people I

26、didn t know though here and there was a face I had noticed on the commuting train. I was immediately struck by the numberof young Englishmen dotted about; all well dressed, all looking a little hungry and all talking inlow earnest voices to solid and prosperous Americans. I was sure that they were s

27、elling something: bonds or insurance or automobiles. They were, at least, agonizingly aware of the easy money in the vicinity and convinced that it was theirs for a few words in the right key.(11) As soon as I arrived I made an attempt to find my host but the two or three people ofwhom I asked his w

28、hereabouts stared at me in such an amazed way and denied so vehemently any knowledge of his movements that I slunk off in the direction of the cocktail tablethe only place in the garden where a single man could linger without looking purposeless and alone.11. It can be inferred form Para. 1 that Mr.

29、 Gatsby through the summer.A. entertained guests from everywhere every weekendB. invited his guests to ride in his Rolls-Royce at weekendsC. liked to show off by letting guests ride in his vehiclesD. indulged himself in parties with people from everywhere12. In Para.4, the word “permeate”probably me

30、ans .A. perishB. pushC. penetrateD. perpetrate13. It can be inferred form Para. 8 that .A. guests need to know Gatsby in order to attend his partiesB. people somehow ended up in Gatsby s house as guestsC. Gatsby usually held garden parties for invited guestsD. guests behaved themselves in a rather f

31、ormal manner14. According to Para. 10, the author felt at Gatsby s party.A. dizzyB. dreadfulC. furiousD. awkward5可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_15. What can be concluded from Para.11 about Gatsby.A. He was not expected to be present at the parties.B. He was busy receiving and entertaining guests.C. He was

32、usually out of the house at the weekend.D. He was unwilling to meet some of the guests.PASSAGE TWO(1) The Term “ CYBERSPAC”Ewas coined by William Gibson, a science -fiction writer. Hefirst used it in a short story in 1982, and expanded on it a couple of years later in a novel, “ Neuromancer ” , whos

33、e main character, Henry Dorsett Case, is a troubled computer hacker nad drug addict. In the book Mr Gibson describes cyberspace as “ aconsensual hallucinationexperienced dailyby billionsof legitimateoperatorsa”nd “ agraphic representation of dataabstracted from the banks of every computer in the hum

34、an system.”(2) His literary creation turned out to be remarkably prescient （有先见之明的） . Cyberspace has become shorthand for the computing devices, networks, fibre-optic cables, wireless links and other infrastructure that bring the internet to billionsof people around the world. The myriadconnections

35、forged by these technologies have brought tremendous benefits to everyone who uses the web to tap into humanity s collective store of knowledge every day.(3) But there is a darker side to this extraordinaryinvention. Data breachesare becoming ever bigger and more common. Last year over 800m records

36、were lost, mainly through such attacks. Amongthe most prominentrecent victimshas been Target, whose chief executive, Gregg Steinhafel, stood down fromhis job in May, a few months after the giant American retailer revealed that online intruders had stolen millions of digital records about its custome

37、rs, including credit- and debit-card details. Other well-known firms such as Adobe, a tech company, and eBay, an online marketplace, have also been hit.(4) The potential damage, though, extends well beyond such commercial incursions. Wider concerns have been raised by the revelations about the mass

38、surveillance carried out by Westernintelligenceagencies made by Edward Snowden, a contract or to America Nsational SecurityAgencyNSA,as wellas bythe growingnumbers ofcyber-warriorsbeing recruitedbycountries that see cyberspace as a new domain of warfare. America s president, Barack said in a White H

39、ouse press release earlier this year that cyber-threats“ pose one of the gravest national- security dangers” the country is facing.(5) Securing cyberspace is hard because the architecture of the internet was designed to promote connectivity, not security. Its founders focused on getting it to work a

40、nd did not worry much about threats because the networkwas affiliatedwithAmerica msilitary.As hackers turned up, layers of security, fromantivirusprograms to firewalls,were added to try to keepthem at bay. Gartner, a research firm, reckons that last year organizations around the globe spent$67 billi

41、on on information security.6可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_(6) On the whole, these defenses have worked reasonably well. For all the talk about the risk of a“ cyber 9/11” , the internet has proved remarkably resilHieunnt.dreds of millions of peopleturnon their computers every day and bank online, shop at v

42、irtualstores, swap gossip and photos with their friends on social networks and send all kinds of sensitive data over the web without ill effect. Companies and governments are shifting ever more services online.(7) But the task is becoming harder. Cyber-security, which involves protecting both data a

43、nd people, is facing multiplethreats, notably cybercrime and online industrial espionage, both of whichare growingrapidly.A recent estimate by the Centre for Strategic and International Studies CSIS, puts the annual global cost of digitalcrime and intellectual-propertytheft at$445 billiona sum rough

44、ly equivalent to the GDP of a smallish rich European country such asAustria.(8) To add to the worries, there is also the risk of cyber-sabotage. Terrorists or agents of hostile powers could mount attacks on companies and systems that controlvitalparts of an economy, including power stations, electri

45、cal grids and communications networks. Such attacks are hard to pull off, but not impossible. One precedent is the destruction in 2022 of centrifuges（离心机） at a nuclear facility in Iran by a computer program known as Stuxnet.(9) Butsuch events are rare. Thebiggest day-to-daythreats faced bycompanies

46、and government agencies come fromcrooks and spooks hoping to steal financialdata and trade secrets. Forexample,smarter, better-organizedhackersare makinglifetougherforthe cyber-defenders, but the report will argue that even so a number of things can be done to keep everyone safer than they are now.(10) One is to ensure that organizations get the basics of cyber-security right. All too often breaches are caused by simple blunders, such as failing to separate systems containing sensitive data fromthose that donotneed access to