江苏省姜堰区蒋垛中学2022-2023学年英语高三第一学期期末质量跟踪监视模拟试题含解析.pdf

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1、2022-2023 高三上英语期末模拟试卷 考生须知：1 全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用 2B 铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分（共 20 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）1Her doctor indicated that even adding a(n)_ amount of daily exercise would dramatically improve he

2、r health.Amodest Bequal Cconsiderable Dexact 2There is no reason to be disappointed._,this could be rather amusing.AAbove all BAs a result CApart from that DAs a matter of fact 3Hearing the news,she rushed out,_ the book _ on the table and disappeared into the distance.Aleft;lain open Bleft;lay open

3、ed Cleaving;lie opened Dleaving;lying open 4 Most Schools have banned junk food and brought out new menus.“Thats cool!”said Andreas Petrou,11th grader.A/;an B/;the Cthe;a Dthe;/5Dont take it seriously，AliceI wasnt making _ fun of you its nothing but _ joke A/;the Bthe;the Cthe;a D/;a 6Though our foo

4、tball boys are faced with four goals behind,they are still struggling hard in the field to _.Aface the music Bsave face Ccost their arm and leg Dland on their feet 7No driving after drinking is a rule that every driver _ obey in our country.Awill Bshall Cmay Dcan 8_ on February 5,2019,the Wandering

5、Earth soon became a great hit.AReleasing BBeing released CReleased DTo release 9A lot of suggestions were put forward at the meeting,but _ was practical.Anothing Bnone Cneither Dno one 10Only when _hard _ make your dream come true.Ado you work;you can Byou work;you can Cdo you work;can you Dyou work

6、;can you 11Do you think he is the only person for the job?Im not quite sure but hell prove_ to the task.Aequal Bessential Cspecial Dsuperior 12Dont make a special journey to pick up the laundry for me.Its OK.I _ to the shop anyway.Awas going Bwill have gone Chave gone Dwill be going 13Not until he w

7、ent abroad to further his study_ the importance of English.Ahas he found B he has found Cdid he find D he had found 14The traffic is heavy these days.I arrive a bit late,so could you save me a place?Acan Bmust Cneed Dmight 15The infrastructure project has consumed so much money that we cant find any

8、 financial support and have to _.Apull out Bpull through Ccatch up Dcatch on 16His advice made me happy,but _others angry.Amaking Bto make C/Dmake 17Mum,I am worrying about my pet dog while we are away.Boy,you _.Our neighbor has offered to help us.Acant Bwouldnt Cneednt Dmustnt 18_ and open to vario

9、us interpretations,the terms of the new proposal need improving based on the interests of both sides.AAccessible BApparent CAmbiguous DAggressive 19Mary felt from the outside world,since she lacked an Internet connection and couldnt receive any e-mail.Acut down Bcut in Ccut off Dcut out 20In many wa

10、ys,the magic of AI is _ its not something you can see or touch.Awhether Bwhat Cthat Dwhy 第二部分 阅读理解（满分 40 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6 分）We Brits love the idea of a real Christmas treebut not so many of us like the realities of dragging a 7ft Norway Spruce through the house and leaving n

11、eedles all over the place.If you count yourself among the reluctant group，then it may be time to go fake(假白勺）.After all,buying an artificial Christmas tree needn,t mean accepting defeat.ThereJ s a huge range of options and sizes,including pre-lit trees,which will save you the frustration of trying t

12、o string your own lights.Another big bonus of choosing an artificial Christmas tree is cost：artificial trees can last for decades,so they work out cheaper than paying for a real tree every year.Like now retailers(零售商）are offering great deals at the moment：at Tesco,there J s 25 percent off artificial

13、 Christmas trees.Meanwhile,you can take advantage of the current 3 for 2 offer at Argos to fill your house with not one,not two,but three.You may perhaps partner up with friends who are also looking to invest.Of course,keep your tree for years and years and it will start to pay you back in terms of

14、carbon footprint;however，a“real”one will always have to be transported，used and dealt with every year.Are there any downsides?Yes.You might think you,re saving the planet,but a fake tree is actually not an environmentally friendly option.Most are made in factories in Asia,resulting in some serious a

15、ir miles to reach the UK.They re made from metal and plastic，and many end their lives in landfill.Another problem with a fake tree is that they don t look very naturaland of course you won t get that lovely pine smell either.You 11 also need to find space for storage.1、What does the underlined word“

16、reluctant”in paragraph 2 probably mean?APassive.BRelated.CUnwilling.DSupportive.2、Which is the benefit of buying an artificial Christmas tree?AAbundant choices.BThe lovely pine smell.CCheaper than a real one.DFree for transportation.3、What can we learn from the passage?AFake Christmas trees are envi

17、ronmentally friendly.BBritish people like to drag a real Christmas tree home.CPeople need to find space to store a fake Christmas tree.DPeople may get 3 more if they buy two fake Christmas trees.4、What is the passage mainly about?ADifferent reasons for choosing fake Christmas trees.BValuable suggest

18、ions on choosing fake Christmas trees.CEfficient ways of saving money on choosing Christmas trees.DAdvantages and disadvantages of choosing fake Christmas trees.22（8 分）When you search Google or use Amazon,you might assume the results you see are the same as those viewed by your friends,family and ot

19、her Internet users.But youd be wrong.Websites and social networks track your location and search history and make assumptions about your age,race,sex and political views.They then show ads they believe to be the most relevant,in order to maximize clicks,but personalize which results you see by elimi

20、nating what they think is irrelevant.This is sold to the public as positive,making each web session relevant and interesting,yet it is leading researchers to fear this could widen divides between the North and South,rich and poor,and young and old.For example,in terms of wealth,if users are only eve

21、r shown particular products and job advertisements based on how much they earn or where they live,these users will never be given the opportunities to increase their wealth,or how much they spend on items.Princeton University has created bots（自动程序）,each with their own fake profiles.These bots have d

22、ifferent fake ages and sexes,earn different levels of money,are virtually(虚拟地)based in various locations around the world and have different interests.By using these bots to scan and research the web,the researchers hope to create a picture of not only what each of them sees,but also what sites they

23、 are missing out on.According to lead researcher,Arvind Narayanan,“Our goal is a web privacy census（普查）which will be a comprehensive map of who are collecting what information,what they are inferring from it,and who they are sharing it with.It is an important step in our final goal of figuring out h

24、ow users are treated based on that information.”Personalization also has its benefits.Shopping sites such as Amazon and eBay can scan a users search and purchase history to offer suggestions.This can help find similar,cheaper items or items that are more suited to their needs at a glance.Its also po

25、ssible to disable personalized ads and results.Googles search engine lets you switch off personalization,for example.Researchers from the Universitat Pompeu Fabra in Barcelona and Yahoo felt the issue was so potentially damaging,and they have also created a way to“burst the filter(过滤)bubble”.They be

26、lieve that just because people have opposing views on certain topics it doesnt mean they wont share interests with others.1、The underlined word“eliminating”in Paragraph 1 probably means“_”.Adecorating Bremoving Cpersonalizing Dprotecting 2、Princeton University created bots to _.Aexplain why differen

27、t websites are personalized Boffer users some advice on how to protect privacy Cassess how personalization is affecting Internet users Dstress the advantages and disadvantages of personalization of websites 3、Which of the following websites have done something to cut off personalization?AGoogle and

28、Yahoo.BeBay and Google.CAmazon and eBay.DAmazon and Yahoo.4、What is this passage mainly about?ADifferent websites are doing something to offer quality service.BPersonalized ads and search results could be creating different web pages.CPersonalization of different sites will lead to users privacy bei

29、ng violated.DPersonalization of shopping sites makes online shopping more convenient.23（8 分）Every living thing on Earth is either a plant or an animal,right?Wrong!Many organisms(有机体)in our world are neither.Some of them float through the air,and some lie hidden in the ground.They do not need sunligh

30、t to survive,and if the weather becomes too cold,they can become inactive until conditions improve.What are these?They are called fungi(菌类),and you see them almost every day.Many kinds of fungi seem disgusting,such as the green black things that appear on the food which are left too long in the refr

31、igerator.But other kinds are not so bad.For example,the yeast(酵母)that is used to make bread and mushrooms are both fungi.What makes fungi different from plants and animals?An animal can move around by itself.Fungi get around too,but they dont have feet,wings,or tails.They have to wait for wind or so

32、me other outside force to move them.Plants are different from fungi because they have chlorophyll(叶绿素).It helps them make food from the energy in sunlight.Fungi do not have chlorophyll.Some fungi are bad,while others are not.Some fungi cause diseases,such as athletes foot,which makes feet uncomforta

33、ble.Other kinds of fungi can be used to make medicines,which have saved many lives.Fungi clean up more than wounds,though.They are the worlds first recyclers.Without fungi,our world would be a mess.Since fungi cannot make their own food as plants do,they must get their food elsewhere.Many fungi get

34、their food from dead plants.They break them down and turn them into soil.The fungi get a meal,and the world gets a housecleaning.1、What does the underlined word“disgusting”most probably mean?Astrong.Bunpleasant.Cactive.Dsmall.2、According to the passage,.Afungi can move everywhere by themselves Bfung

35、i are unable to survive in cold conditions Csome fungi can make food from the energy in sunlight Dsome fungi are useful to humans and the environment 3、Where can you most probably find this passage?AIn a social report.BIn a biology book.CIn a geography magazine.DIn a farming book.24（8 分）Heres an ide

36、a whose time has come:A flu shot that doesnt require an actual shot.For the first time,researchers have tested a flu vaccine patch(疫苗贴)in a human clinical trial and found that it delivered as much protection as a traditional injection with a needle.Doctors and public health experts have high hopes t

37、hat it will increase the number of people who get immunized(免疫的)against the flu.Seasonal flu is responsible for up to half a million deaths around the world each year according to the World Health Organization.A team led by Georgia Tech engineer Mark Prausnitz has come up with another method that us

38、es“microneedles”.These tiny needles are so small that 100 of them,arranged in order on a patch,can fit under your thumb.Yet theyre big enough to hold vaccine for three types of flu.None of the study volunteers had serious side effects.The groups that got patches had mild skin reactions that were not

39、 seen in the regular needle group,while the volunteers in the regular needle group were more likely to experience pain.Overall,70 percent of the volunteers who got vaccine patches said theyd rather use them again than get a traditional flu shot.The study authors declared it a success on all fronts.T

40、he biggest beneficiaries could be people in low-and middle-income countries,where flu vaccines are hard to come by.Reducing pain is nice,but other benefitsthe patch costs less，is easier to transport,doesnt require refrigeration,can be self-administered and doesnt cause waste of needles-are even bett

41、er.“Microneedle Patches have the potential to become ideal candidates for vaccination programs,”wrote Katja Hoschler and Maria Zambon of Public Health England.1、What is the passage mainly about?AA vaccine patch that cures people of their flu.BA clinical study that protects people from disease.CA pat

42、ch that makes flu shots a thing of the past.DA method that makes traditional flu shots painless.2、What do we know about the vaccine patch?AIt is produced by the WHO.BIt causes slight side effects.CIt delivers vaccine to the little finger.DIt works badly on 30%of the volunteers.3、The new patch has al

43、l the following benefits except that _.Ait is provided free of charge Bit can be used without a doctor Cit can he kept at room temperature Dit needs less care in transportation 4、What is Kaija and Marias attitude towards the new shot?ACautious.BFavorable.CAmbiguous.DDisapproving.25（10 分）How Did the

44、Ancient Chinese Keep Food Warm in Winter?Facilities like electric rice cookers,microwaves,and electric kettles,make it easy for people to keep food warm and enjoy a comfortable winter.So how did Chinese people in ancient times keep food warm in winter without these?In fact,ancient Chinese people use

45、d their own methods of heat preservation as early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties.“Wen Ding”,ancient rice cooker One of the major functions of an electric rice cooker is to keep food warm.The“Wen Ding”,an ancient cooking container,served the same purpose,but instead of using electric energy,the anci

46、ent cooking container preserved heat by burning fuels like charcoal.The“Wen Ding”unearthed in Nanjing in 1989 is thought to be the oldest of its kind discovered in China,dating back to the Stone Age.The craftsmanship of making the“Wen Ding”was developed in the Bronze Age.The bronze Ding from the Sha

47、ng and Zhou Dynasties took on different shapes and structures.“Ran Lu”,ancient small hot pot The“Ran Lu”is a small size cooking vessel(器皿)made of bronze,which can be divided into three parts.A charcoal stove forms the main structure,with a bottom tray to hold charcoal ashes,and a movable cup at the

48、top.Some experts have concluded that the vessels structure suggests it may have been used as a small hot pot and that these vessels became popular in the Warring States Period(475221 BC).Bronze You,ancient kettle The Bronze You was one of the most common wine containers during the Shang and Zhou Dyn

49、asties.The Bronze You can also be used to warm wine.For example,the Bronze You with beast mask design,unearthed in Jiangxi Province,has an opening where charcoal could be placed.Just as people today cant do without an electric kettle,the Bronze You allowed people to enjoy a hot drink.Bronze Yan,anci

50、ent steamer Although the“Wen Ding”was effective at keeping food warm,the ancient Chinese people later found that its burning process produced pollution.As a result,the Bronze Yan made with a two-tier structure and used to steam rice and other grains.After the Eastern Han Dynasty(25A D-220A D),furthe