新概念Lesson被动语态精讲.pptx

《新概念Lesson被动语态精讲.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《新概念Lesson被动语态精讲.pptx（45页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、1.1.Many peopleMany people speak speak English.English.English English is spokenis spoken by many people.by many people.Lucky 52 Lucky 52 is watchedis watched on TV by many people.on TV by many people.Football Football are played are played by themby them.2 2.Many people Many people watchwatch Lucky

2、 52 on TV.Lucky 52 on TV.3 3.They play They play footballfootball.第1页/共45页语态：表示语态：表示主语主语和和谓语动词谓语动词之间的关系。之间的关系。英语有英语有两种语态两种语态，即，即主动语态主动语态和和被动语态被动语态。主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。如：Many students study English.(主动语态)English is studied by many students.(被动语态)语态第2页/共45页助动词be变化规则:I用am,you用are,is连着she、

3、he、it.单数is,复数are.如：The desk is made of wood.The desks are made of wood.He is asked a question by the teacher.被动语态的结构助动词be+及物动词的过去分词不同的时态有不同的被动语态结构不同的时态有不同的被动语态结构1.一般现在时的被动语态结构：第3页/共45页by many students.1.Many students study English.Englishis studied2.They make shoes in that factory.Shoesare madeby th

4、emin that factory.第4页/共45页1.1.把主动语态的把主动语态的宾语宾语变为被动语态的变为被动语态的主语主语。2.2.把主动语态的把主动语态的谓语谓语变为被动语态的变为被动语态的谓语谓语。3.3.把主动语态的主语变为被动语态的把主动语态的主语变为被动语态的byby 短语。（短语。（byby短语可以省。短语可以省。byby短语短语 后跟代词的宾格。）后跟代词的宾格。）by the teacher.3.The teacher often 3.The teacher often asksasks himhim questions.questions.Heis askedquest

5、ions第5页/共45页1.找宾语-即动作的承受者They make shoes in that factory.Shoes2.判断宾语的单复数-即be动词的单复数.are made3.判断动词的时态-即be动词的时态.4.修改谓语的时态-即原句动词改为过去分词 5.修改原句的主语-即by+主语/宾语.by them.主变被解题步骤宾变主,主放后,前加by动变被,看清be,结构分别be+pp第6页/共45页They play football on Sunday.Lucy does the homework in the evening.They often use computers in

6、class.We make these machines in Beijing.Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made in Beijing.第7页/共45页肯定句：主语be+过去分词(by)否定句：主语be not 过去分词(by)一般疑问句：Be 主语过去分词(by)?特殊疑问句：疑问词be主语过去分词(by)(by)被动语态的被动语态的时

7、态时态是由是由bebe的时态决定的，的时态决定的，bebe是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，bebe动词后面的过去分词不变。动词后面的过去分词不变。by many students.Englishis studiedby many students.Englishis not studied第8页/共45页1.They bought ten computers last term by them last term.2.一般过去时的被动语态结构：was/were+过去分词last year.2.2.WeWe plantedplanted many trees many

8、 trees last year.last year.Many treeswere plantedTen computerswere bought第9页/共45页They built the tall building last year.He took good care of his little brother yesterday.We cleaned our classroom just now.They used this room for resting.The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother

9、 was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.This room was used for resting by them.第10页/共45页Look at this and then rewrite the sentences below in the passive,like the example.ActiveActiveSomeone Someone cleanscleans the the windows every week.windows every week.S

10、omeone Someone cleanedcleaned them them last week.last week.PassivePassiveThe windows The windows are are cleanedcleaned every week.every week.They They were cleanedwere cleaned last last week.week.1.1.People often invite me People often invite me to parties.to parties.2.2.Someone invited me to Some

11、one invited me to one last week one last week I _I _I _I _amam often often invitedinvited to parties to parties.was invitedwas invited to one last to one lastweek.week.第11页/共45页Look at this and then rewrite the sentences below in the passive,like the example.ActiveActivePassivePassive3.Someone paint

12、s our3.Someone paints our our house every year.our house every year.4.Some people painted it 4.Some people painted it last year.last year.5.People often overtake 5.People often overtake him on the road.him on the road.6.Someone overtake him 6.Someone overtake him a minute ago.a minute ago.Our house

13、_Our house _It _It _He_He_He_He_ is paintedis painted every year.every year.was paintedwas painted last year.last year.is is often often overtakenovertaken on on the roadthe road was overtaken was overtaken a minute a minute ago.ago.第12页/共45页Look at this and then rewrite the sentences below in the p

14、assive,like the example.ActiveActivePassivePassive7.Someone waters the 7.Someone waters the flowers every day.flowers every day.8.Someone watered them 8.Someone watered them yesterday.yesterday.The flowers _The flowers _They _They _ are wateredare watered every day.every day.were wateredwere watered

15、 yesterday.yesterday.2第13页/共45页How do they feel?How did theyfeel?Rewrite the sentences likethe example.1.1.Someone embarrassed Someone embarrassed her.her.2.2.Something is worrying Something is worrying me.me.3.3.Something excited him Something excited him.4.4.Something is amusing Something is amusi

16、ng them.them.She _She _I _I _He _He _They _They _ was embarrassed was embarrassed.am worried am worried.was excited was excited.are amusedare amused3第14页/共45页3.一般将来时的被动语态结构：will be+过去分词1.They will finish the work in ten days.by them in ten days.The workwill be finished2.Tom will clean the room tomor

17、row.The room will be cleanedby Tom tomorrow.第15页/共45页We will have a sports meeting next week.Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow.The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.A sports meeting will be had by us next week.Some photos will be taken by children in the schoolyard t

18、omorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.第16页/共45页4.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：can/may/must/should+be+过去分词1.Amy can take good care of Gina by Amy.Ginacan be taken good care of2.You 2.You should drinkshould drink more water.more water.More waterMore water should be drunkshould be drunkby you.

19、by you.第17页/共45页1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They should learn English well.The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them.第18页/共45页5.5.现

20、在进行时的被动语态的结构现在进行时的被动语态的结构is/am/are+being 过去分词1.Some workers are painting the rooms nowby some workers now.The rooms are being painted2.He 2.He is watchingis watching TV.TV.TVTVis being watchedis being watched by him.by him.第19页/共45页6.6.现在完成时的被动语态的结构现在完成时的被动语态的结构have/has been 过去分词1.We have made twent

21、y more keysby us.Twenty more keyshave been made2.We 2.We have finishedhave finished our compositionsour compositions.Our compositionsOur compositionshave been finishedhave been finishedby us.by us.第20页/共45页表格：被动态基本结构时态时态被动语态结构被动语态结构一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在完成时现在完

22、成时过去完成时过去完成时am/is/are donewas/were doneam/is/are being donewas/were being doneshall/will/be going to be donewould be donehave/has been donehad been done第21页/共45页6.Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week(济南市中考题）another man-made satellite into space last week.变主动语态7.People

23、there planted many trees last year.Trees _ _ by people there last year.(青岛市中考题）8.They grow vegetables on the farm.The vegetables _ _on the farm（上海市中考题）They sent upwere planted are grown中考题中考题第22页/共45页Look at this and then rewrite the sentences below in the passive,like the example.ActiveActivePassiv

24、ePassivePresentPresentperfectperfectSomeone Someone has caughthas caught the thief.the thief.The thief The thief has been has been caughtcaught.Someone Someone has cleanedhas cleaned the windows.the windows.The windows The windows have beenhave beencleanedcleaned.FutureFuturewith with willwillSomeon

25、e Someone will catchwill catch the the thief soon.thief soon.The thief The thief will be caughtwill be caught soon.soon.Someone Someone will cleanwill clean the the windows.windows.The windows The windows will be will be cleanedcleaned.1.1.A:Has my watch been repaired yet?(soon)A:Has my watch been r

26、epaired yet?(soon)B:_ B:_ _ _ No,Im sorry.It hasnt been repaired yet,but it No,Im sorry.It hasnt been repaired yet,but it will be repaired soon.will be repaired soon.第23页/共45页Look at this and then rewrite the sentences below in the passive,like the example.2.A:Have those letters been typed yet?(this

27、 afternoon)2.A:Have those letters been typed yet?(this afternoon)B:_ B:_ _ _ No,Im sorry.They havent been typed yet,but No,Im sorry.They havent been typed yet,but they will be typed this afternoon.they will be typed this afternoon.3.A:Has my room been tidied yet?(at the weekend)3.A:Has my room been

28、tidied yet?(at the weekend)B:_ B:_ _ _ No,Im sorry.It hasnt been tidied yet,but it No,Im sorry.It hasnt been tidied yet,but it will be tidied at the weekend.will be tidied at the weekend.4.4.A:Have the children been invited to the party yet?A:Have the children been invited to the party yet?(next wee

29、k)(next week)B:_ B:_ _ _ No,Im sorry.They havent been invited yet,but No,Im sorry.They havent been invited yet,but they will be invited next week.they will be invited next week.第24页/共45页Look at this and then rewrite the sentences below in the passive,like the example.5.A:Has John been told yet?(tomo

30、rrow)5.A:Has John been told yet?(tomorrow)B:_ B:_ _ _ No,Im sorry.He hasnt been told yet,but he No,Im sorry.He hasnt been told yet,but he will be told tomorrow.will be told tomorrow.6.6.A:Have those jobs been finished yet?(by 6 oclock)A:Have those jobs been finished yet?(by 6 oclock)B:_ B:_ _ _ No,I

31、m sorry.They havent been finished yet,but No,Im sorry.They havent been finished yet,but they will be finished by 6 oclock.they will be finished by 6 oclock.2第25页/共45页My daughter was invited to a childrens party.My daughter was invited to a childrens party.我的女儿被邀请到一个儿童聚会我的女儿被邀请到一个儿童聚会 。I havent been

32、told about it.I havent been told about it.没有人告诉我这件事没有人告诉我这件事被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁.Its/was said/believed/reported/+that Its reported that about three hundred people were killed in this earthquake.据报道，这次地震中大约有三百人死亡。（2）强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。The cup was broken by David.The cup was broken by David.（3）

33、作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型.第26页/共45页 I I was given a book by him.was given a book by him.（以（以I I做主语）做主语）A bookA book was given to me by Tom.was given to me by Tom.（以物（以物bookbook作主语）作主语）WeWe are taught English by him.are taught English by him.（以人当主语）（以人当主语）EnglishEnglish is taught to us by him.is taught to u

34、s by him.（以物作主语）（以物作主语）被动语态的几种类型1.1.带双宾语句子的被动语态带双宾语句子的被动语态.（指物的宾语叫直接宾语，（指物的宾语叫直接宾语，指人的宾语叫间接宾语）指人的宾语叫间接宾语）常见的接双宾语的动词有常见的接双宾语的动词有:to:pass,give,teach,show,bring,to:pass,give,teach,show,bring,handhand for:make,buy,draw,sing,get,for:make,buy,draw,sing,get,以以“人人”当主语时，变法和一般的变法一样；当主语时，变法和一般的变法一样；以以“物物”当主语时，

35、在保留的间接宾语前必须加当主语时，在保留的间接宾语前必须加toto或或for.for.如：1.He gave me a book.2.He teaches us English.第27页/共45页keep,make keep,make 三类的动词常常有宾语补足三类的动词常常有宾语补足 语，在被动语态中，宾语补足语位置不变。语，在被动语态中，宾语补足语位置不变。WeWe keepkeep foodfood freshfresh in the fridge.in the fridge.主主 谓谓 宾宾 宾补宾补 FoodFood is kept fresh in the fridge.is kep

36、t fresh in the fridge.I saw I saw himhim go into the office building.go into the office building.HeHe was seen to go into the office building.was seen to go into the office building.2.2.含有宾语补足语的句子的被动语态含有宾语补足语的句子的被动语态第28页/共45页They They take good care oftake good care of my child.my child.My child is

37、taken good care of.My child is taken good care of.I I turned offturned off the radio.the radio.The radio was turned off(by me)The radio was turned off(by me)3.3.含有短语的主动语态变被动语态含有短语的主动语态变被动语态第29页/共45页下列这些短语本身即是被动语态的形式，不需再加下列这些短语本身即是被动语态的形式，不需再加byby be covered with be covered with 用用覆盖着覆盖着 be intereste

38、d in be interested in 对对感兴趣感兴趣 be surprised at be surprised at 对对感到惊奇感到惊奇 be made of be made of（fromfrom）用）用制造的制造的动词短语的被动语态动词短语的被动语态 take care of take care of be taken care of be taken care of cut down cut down be cut down be cut down laugh at laugh at be laughed at be laughed at look after look aft

39、erbe looked afterbe looked after第30页/共45页即即feel,hear,listen,have,make,let,look,watch,see,notice feel,hear,listen,have,make,let,look,watch,see,notice，这些词在主动，这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加句中，其后的动词不定式不加toto，但变被动句时必须加，但变被动句时必须加to.to.1.I 1.I sawsaw himhim play basketball last Sunday.play basketball last Sunday.HeHe

40、was seenwas seentoto play basketball last Sunday.play basketball last Sunday.2.We 2.We heardheard themthem sing in the classroom.sing in the classroom.TheyTheywas heardwas heardtoto sing in the classroom.sing in the classroom.4.感官动词和使役动词的被动语态第31页/共45页（1）当主动结构中的宾语是反身代词和相互代词 时，不能改为被动语态。We often help e

41、ach other.我们常常互相帮助。（2）当谓语是表状态的及物动词时（如have,like,take place,belong to）如：I like these flowers.我喜欢这些花。I will have a meeting.不说A meeting will be had.应说A meeting will be held.5.不能用于被动语态的几种情况第32页/共45页 把下列句子变成被动语态:1)A car knocked him down yesterday.2）Two doctors and ten nurses make up the medical team3）When

42、 I got there,they were cutting up a fallen treeA fallen tree was being cut up,when I got there.He was knocked down by a car yesterdayThe medical team is made up of by twoPracticePractice第33页/共45页4)Well put on the play next Sunday5)Workers are building a new teaching building in our school6)They had

43、completed the railway by the end of last year The play will be put on next SundayA new teaching building is being built by workers in our schoolThe railway had been completed by the end of last year第34页/共45页填空（完成被动语态填空）填空（完成被动语态填空）1.They often clean their classroom after school.1.They often clean th

44、eir classroom after school.（改为被动语态）（改为被动语态）Their classroom _ often _ by them after school.Their classroom _ often _ by them after school.2.Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week.2.Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week.（同上）（同上）A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week.A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week.is iscleanedcleaned

45、was given bywas given byPracticePractice第35页/共45页3.A lot of people in China can speak English now.3.A lot of people in China can speak English now.（同上）（同上）English _ _ _ by a lot of people in China now.English _ _ _ by a lot of people in China now.4.I have learned English for about two years.4.I have

46、 learned English for about two years.（同上）（同上）English _ _ _ for about two years.English _ _ _ for about two years.5.They will publish these story-books next month.5.They will publish these story-books next month.（同上）（同上）These story-books _ _ _ next month.These story-books _ _ _ next month.can be spok

47、encan be spokenhas been learnedhas been learnedwill be publishedwill be published第36页/共45页1.In some countries,tea _ with milk and sugar.1.In some countries,tea _ with milk and sugar.A.is serving B.is served A.is serving B.is served C.serves D.served C.serves D.served 2.Great changes _ in my hometown

48、 since 1980.2.Great changes _ in my hometown since 1980.A.have been taken place B.took place A.have been taken place B.took place C.have taken place D.were taken place C.have taken place D.were taken place3.The new type of car is going to _ in three years.3.The new type of car is going to _ in three

49、 years.A.turn out B.be turned out A.turn out B.be turned out C.has turned out D.have been turned out C.has turned out D.have been turned out4.The woman murdered her friend and _ to 4.The woman murdered her friend and _ to _._.A.was sentenced,death B.sentencing,die A.was sentenced,death B.sentencing,

50、die C.sentenced,death D.sentenced,die C.sentenced,death D.sentenced,die被动语态专项练习：选择填空第37页/共45页5.5.Do you like the skirt?Do you like the skirt?It _ soft.It _ soft.A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt6.Are you still here?You were here an hour ago.6.Are you still h