中考一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时讲义.docx

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1、动词的时态（一）一、一般现在时1、用法：表示现在经常性、习惯性发生的动作。 例：I often go to school by bike.表示现在的情况或状态。 例：He is a student.描述客观真理、客观存在的自然现象以及格言。 例：The earth goes around the sun.在时间、条件等状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。 例：We will go to the park if it doesnt rain tomorrow.2、时间标志：every day(week/month/year)/always/usually/often/sometimes/today

2、.3、谓语三单变化规则：(1)动词原形后加-s：play-plays; like-likes(2)以o/s/x/sh/ch结尾的动词，在词尾加-es：watch-watches; go-goes(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的，把y变i，再加-es：study-studies; fly-flies4、结构：be动词：be(am/is/are) + 表语实义动词：主语 + 实义动词原形（主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式，主语为非第三人称，谓语动词用原形）5、句型转换：(1)否定句：有be 动词，在be动词后加not。没有be动词要借助助动词do/does（主语为第三人称单数时，用does），在d

3、o/does后加not，再加动词原形。 例：I am a student.I am not a student. He goes to school.He does not go to school.(2)一般疑问句： 有be动词，把be动词提到句首。 没有be动词的，借助助动词do/does，并把do/does提到句首，动词变为原形。 例：Are you a student? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. Does he go to school? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.二、一般过去时1、定义：用于表示过去时间内发生的动作。 例：

4、I went shopping yesterday.2、用法：表示过去某段时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 例：I went to park yesterday. He was sad yesterday.过去经常性或习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态。3、时间标志：last week(month/year)/ago/yesterday4、动词过去式的规则变化：(1)动词原形后加-ed：work-worked;(2)以e结尾的动词，在词尾加-d：live-lived;(3)以重读闭音节结尾且只有一个辅音字母，要双写辅音字母，再加-ed：stop-stopped;(4)以辅音字母+y结尾的，把y变i，再加

5、-ed：study-studied; carry-carried;5、动词过去式的不规则变化（常见）： go-went do-did have-had get-got run-ran swim-swam give-gave buy-bought come-came say-said tell-told eat-ate. AAA型： cut-cut cost-cost hit-hit hurt-hurt let-let put-put read-read set-set.5、结构：be动词：be(was/were) + 表语（was为am/is的过去式，were为are的过去式） 例：He wa

6、s a doctor.实义动词：主语 + 动词用过去式 例：He went shopping yesterday.三、一般将来时1、定义：表示将要发生的动作或计划去做某事2、用法：用于将来发生的动作或存在的状态 例：He will go home tomorrow.3、时间标志：in the future/one day/in+一段时间/tomorrow/next day(week/month/year)/the day after tomorrow4、结构：be(am/is/are) going to + V.原：You are going to study on Sunday.will +

7、 V.原：I will go to park tomorrow. （注：be going to含有计划和打算之意）5、句型转换：(1)否定句: 直接在will后加not。 be going to 结构，变为否定时，在be动词后加not。 例：He will go to school.He will not go to school. They are going to have a picnic.They arent going to have a picnic.(2)一般疑问句： 直接把will提前。be going to 结构，把be动词放到句首。 例：Will he go to scho

8、ol? Yes, he will. / No, he wont. Are they going to have a picnic? Yes, they are. / No, they arent.(3)特殊疑问句：（常考题型：就划线部分提问）特殊疑问词：what/where/when/why/how/who/whose/ + 一般疑问句？ 特殊疑问词 + will + 主语 + 谓语 +其他？例：When will he go to school? 特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to + 谓语 +其他？ 例：Where are they going to have a pic

9、nic? 例：I will go to school.（对事情提问用特殊疑问词what，并把事情用do代替） What will you do? We are going to meet at the school gate at 7:00 am.（对地点提问用where） Where are you going to meet at 7:00 am? We are going to meet at the school gate at 7:00 am.（对时间提问用when） When are you going to meet at the school gate?6、will/be going to与there be句型的连用： There will be. There is/are going to be.4学科网（北京）股份有限公司