高三英语写作专项之议论文写作方法讲义.docx

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1、高考英语复习之作文得分讲【作文书写总纲】高中作文虽大约在100-120词左右，但也需要在书写前安排好文章结构，理清书写思路后再下笔写作，才能保证逻辑清楚，承接自然，首尾呼应。称为“五确定”，一般可以按照以下几步：1、 确定文章体裁。是书信，还是议论文、说明文等。即使是书信，也需要按照不同的书信类别进行分析准备，例如是否要写自我介绍；是否需要寒暄；是否需要时间落款2、 确定文章段落。一般段落在3-5段比较合适，段落太多会有冗余繁杂之感。但有些文章也可以两段，例如通知或者是演讲稿，也可以满足要求。3、 确当各段内容和段落之间的过渡。第一段往往起到引出话题的作用，安排2-3句话较为合适；二段为主要内

2、容，在分层和衔接上要求较高，文章的主要句子主要在这里体现；三段一般为呼应和总结，安排2-3句话，这样的结构较为紧密完整，主次分明，逻辑清楚。4、 确定人称和时态。人称使用一二人称难度较小，时态使用一般现在或者一般过去失分风险会更小，但也需要根据文章的具体要求对应调整。5、 确定提分拔高点。主要是指从句复合句数量和书写位置，特殊句型应用，词组代替单词，谚语使用等。第十一讲 议论文汉语写作对文章结构的要求不是很高，如开头段应该包括什么、论题句应该在什么时候出现、文章的结尾是否必须总结全文等等。而英语写作要求文章结构必须十分严谨，文章各个部分的功能都要十分清晰，开头、中间和结尾都有严格的要求。简而言

3、之，英语议论文共有三大特点：1、观点鲜明的开头；2、紧扣主题的结尾；3、有主题句并且衔接自然的中间段落。所以，既然高考英语考的是英语文章，大家就应该遵循英文议论文的写作思路和习惯：表示支持则旗帜鲜明地支持；表示反对就彻彻底底地反对，而不能采取“墙头草两边倒”的做法。高中议论文一般分为两种，一种是对热点现象的自我评价；一种是对讨论结果的汇总，同时发表自己的看法。两种文章在段落安排上区别并不大，都是由引言、正文和评价三个部分组成。段落安排第一段：引言部分。开门见山得说明现象，亮明观点第二段：主体部分。摆出论据来支持自己的观点，可以举例论证或者引用名人名言等第三段：总结部分。再次强调自己的观点，首尾

4、呼应。常用句式首段1. A popular saying goes like this, “everything has two sides”. It is the same with the The advantages of go along with its disadvantages.俗话说凡是均有两面性。也是如此。其优点也确定并存。2. 俗话说（常言道），但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。There is an old saying_, however，it is correct in many cases even today.3. 现在，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。

5、首先，；其次，。更为糟糕的是Today, _, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, _ Second,_.What makes things worse is that_.4. 现在，很普遍，许多人喜欢，因为，另外（而且）Nowadays, it is common to _. Many people like _ because _.Besides，_.5. 任何事物都是有两面性，也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。Everything has two sides and _ is not an ex

6、ception，it has both advantages and disadvantages.6. 关于人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说），在他们看来，Peoples opinions about _ vary from person to person. Some people say that _.To them,_.7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题，这个问题变得越来越严重。Man is now facing a big problem _ which is becoming more and more serious.8. 已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的

7、辩论。_ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.9. 在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。_ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious pr

8、oblems as well.中间段1. 相反，有一些人赞成，他们相信，而且，他们认为。On the contrary, there are some people in favor of _.At the same time, they say_.2. 但是，我认为这不是解决的好方法，比如。最糟糕的是。But I dont think it is a very good way to solve _.For example，_.Worst of all，_.3. 对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。首先，。而且，最重要的是_is necessary and importa

9、nt to our countrys development and construction. First, _. Whats more, _.Most important of all,_.4. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以。There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can_5. 面临，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来。一方面，另一方面，Confronted with_, we should take a series of effective measures to_. For one thing，_For

10、another, _6. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说，另外。所有这些方法肯定会。It is high time that something be done about it. For example. _.In addition. _.All these measures will certainly_.7. 为什么？第一个原因是；第二个原因是；第三个原因是。总的来说，的主要原因是由于Why_? The first reason is that _.The second reason is _.The third is_.For all this, the main cause of _du

11、e to _.8. 然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，也有它的不利的一面，象。However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, _also has its own disadvantages, such as _.9. 尽管如此，我相信更有利。Nonetheless, I believe that _is more advantageous.10. 完全同意这种观点（陈述），主要理由如下：I fully agree with the statement that _ because_.末段1. 至于我，在某种程度

12、上我同意后面的观点，我认为As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that 2. 总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来。In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of Only in this way can in the future.3. 但是，和都有它们各自的优势（好处）。例如，而。然而，把这两者相比较，我更倾向于（喜欢）But andha

13、ve their own advantages. For example, whileComparing this with that, however, I prefer to4. 就我个人而言，我相信，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为Personally, I believe that Consequently, Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us because5. 随着社会的发展，。因此，迫切需要。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自己的一份力量，这个社会将要变得越来越好。With the development of soci

14、ety, So its urgent and necessary to If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better.6. 至于我（对我来说，就我而言），我认为更合理。只有这样，我们才能For my part, I think it reasonable to Only in this way can you7. 对我来说，我认为有必要。原因如下：第一，； 第二，；最后但同样重要的是In my opinion, I think it necessary

15、toThe reasons are as follows. First second Last but not least,8. 在总体上很难说是好还是坏，因为它在很大程度上取决于的形势。然而，就我个人而言，我发现。It is difficult to say whether is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation ofhowever, from a personal point of view find9. 综上所述，我们可以清楚地得出结论From what has been discussed a

16、bove, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that10. 如果我们不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了这种趋势，就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我们应该做的是If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is常用谚语 1、Like father, like son.有其父必有其子。2、Knowledge i

17、s power.知识就是力量。3、Every man has his weak side.人人都有弱点。4、Look before you leap.三思而后行。5、Better late than never.迟到总比不到强。7、Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。8、All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。9、More haste, less speed.欲速则不达。10、Diligence is the mother of success.成功来自勤奋。11、Diamond cuts diamond.强中自有强中手。12、K

18、ill two birds with one stone.一箭双雕，一石二鸟。13、A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。14、A man is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。15、A straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe.身正不怕影子斜。16、He knows most who speaks least.大智若愚。17、A book is like a garden carried in the pocket.书是随时携带的花园。18、Let bygones b

19、e bygones.过去的就让它过去吧。19、Constant dropping wears the stone.滴水穿石。20、A stitch in time saves nine.小洞不补，大洞吃苦。21、A thousand mile trip begins with one step.千里之行，始于足下。22、Keep good men company and you shall be of the number.近朱者赤近墨者黑。23、Great minds think alike.英雄所见略同。24、Every man has his faults.金无足赤，人无完人。25、He

20、 laughs best who laughs last.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。26、Every potter praises his pot.王婆卖瓜，自卖自夸。27、As a man sows, so shall he reap.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。28、Time and tide wait for no man.岁月不待人。29、A bird in the hand is worth two bird in the bush.双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。30、Business before pleasure.先工作，后娱乐。31、Love me, love my dog.爱屋及乌。32、Kn

21、owledge makes humble, ignorance makes proud.博学使人谦逊，无知使人骄傲。33、Birds of a feather flock together.物以类聚，人以群分。34、God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。35、Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。36、A body without knowledge is like a house without a foundation.人无知犹如房屋无基。37、Adversity makes a man wise,

22、not rich.逆境出人才。38、A good book is a good friend.好书如挚友。39、A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.一知半解，害已误人。40、A bad workman always blames his tools.无能的工人常抱怨自己的工具。41、An apple a day keeps the doctor away.一天一个苹果，医生不来找我。42、Do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。43、While there is life, there is hope.有生命就有希望/留得青山在，不怕没柴烧

23、。44、Dont put off till tomorrow what should be done today.今日事今日毕。45、First come, first served.先来后到。46、By learning you will teach, by teaching you will learn.教学相长。47、Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者事竟成。48、All rivers run into sea.海纳百川。49、Blood is thicker than water.血浓于水。50、Be swift to hear, slow

24、 to speak.多听少说。51、Easier said than done.说得容易，做得难。52、An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.一日之计在于晨。53、Gold will not buy anything.黄金并非万能。应用举例当今我国大学生就业成功率很低，你班学生就大学生应该如何选择工作进行讨论，请客观地介绍情况，并谈谈你的看法。观点 理由 一部分人： 喜欢比擅长重要。 兴趣是最好的老师，精通与擅长的可能性会大大增加等。另一部分： 擅长比喜欢重要。 擅长更容易成功，后天努力培养兴趣。你认为 注意：1. 短文须包括所有

25、要点, 可适度发挥。2. 开头已为你写好, 但不计入总词数。3. 词数:120左右。Recently the students in our class have discussed the following topic: which is more important for college graduates to choose jobs, being interested in it or being good at it?Some agree that the love of job is very important because interest is the best tea

26、cher. People are often willing to do what they like doing. If you are not good at it in the beginning, you can work hard and gradually improve your skills to make you good at it. Others hold their view that if you are good at it, you have more chances to achieve success very soon. While you work, you can do all you can to gain the interest in it little by little.From my point of view, I think we should make full use of our strengths to change them each other regardless of the fact that you like it or you are good at it.学科网（北京）股份有限公司