托福阅读讲解 托福阅读直接信息题实例解析 .doc

《托福阅读讲解 托福阅读直接信息题实例解析 .doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《托福阅读讲解 托福阅读直接信息题实例解析 .doc（12页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、托福阅读讲解 托福阅读直接信息题实例解析 托福阅读直接信息题又叫事实信息题，顾名思义考察的是考生对阅读文章中直接给出的事实信息的理解才能，下面WTT就和大家分享托福阅读直接信息题实例解析,希望可以帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。托福阅读直接信息题实例解析一般能来说，托福阅读直接信息题的解题需要遵循三步：1.从题干中找到定位【关键词】：p 】： 2.通过定位【关键词】：p 】：找到对应原文，得出原文答案3.将四个选项跟原文答案进展对照，看哪个选项是对原文答案的同义改写。这个过程中最重要的主要有两种才能：【关键词】：p 】：定位与同义改写。首先我们来看看“定位【关键词】：p 】：”。，按照“识别度上下”

2、排序可以有如下这些帮助我们回到原文定位的【关键词】：p 】：(1) 数字、大写、符号(引号、破折号、连字符、斜体.)(2) 名词(以详细名词为主、抽象名词为辅，因为前者更不容易被改写)(3) 比拟级、最高级(4) 动词、形容词、副词在【关键词】：p 】：定位的过程中我们要对题干中诸如when、where 、how、why等特殊疑问词敏感，这些单词可以帮我们更好地判断题目的考察方向，让我们知道最终要找到什么。另外文章标题词不可作为定位【关键词】：p 】：，因为高频词没有定位价值。关于Step2“原文答案”，这是指的是假如题目没有四个选项、只有题干的话，这道题就类似一道简答题，那么这个“原文答案”

3、就是该简答题的答案。最后关于Step3“同义改写”，这也是托福考试最广泛考察的才能之一了，指同义词或近义词的交换。接下来我们运用这个三步走的策略来解答下面两道题：例题1Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective, a strain ofcritical opinion in the 1920s predicted that sound film would be a technicalnovelty that would soon fade from sight, just as had many previou

4、s attempts,dating well back before the First World War, to link images with recorded sound.These critics were making a mon assumption-that the technologicalinadequacies of earlier efforts (poor synchronization, weak sound lification,fragile sound recordings) would invariably occur again.To be sure,

5、theirevaluation of the technical flaws in 1920s sound e_periments was not so far offthe mark, yet they neglected to take into account important new forces in themotion picture field that, in a sense, would not take no for an answer.Which of the following is true about the technical problems of early

6、 soundfilms?(A) Linking images with recorded sound was a larger obstacle than weaksound lification or fragile sound recordings.(B) Sound films in the 1920s were unable to solve the technical flaws foundin sound films before the First World War.(C) Technical inadequacies occurred less frequently in e

7、arly sound filmsthan critics suggested.(D) Critics assumed that it would be impossible to overe the technicaldifficulties e_perienced with earlier sound films.解析：Step1题干： 找出题干的定位【关键词】：p 】：，是technical problems of early soundfilms。这段所有句子就是围绕early sound films展开的，所以early sound films没有定位价值，所以需要通过technica

8、lproblems来定位;technical problems是抽象词，一般会发生改写。Step2原文： 我们发现原文中有两个短语都跟technical problems同义改写，分别是倒数第二句的technologicalinadequacies和倒数第一句的technical flaws。Step3选项： 纵观四个选项，我们发现D选项跟倒数第二句同义改写，其中impossible to overe跟原文中wouldinvariably occur again是同义改写，technical difficulties跟题干【关键词】：p 】：是同义改写。例题2Statues were norm

9、ally made of stone, wood, or metal.Stone statues wereworked from single rectangular blocks of material and retained the pactnessof the original shape.The stone between the arms and the body and between thelegs in standing figures or the legs and the seat in seated ones was notnormally cut away.From

10、a practical aspect this protected the figures againstbreakage and psychologically gives the images a sense of strength and power,usually enhanced by a supporting back pillar.By contrast, wooden statues werecarved from several pieces of wood that were pegged together to form thefinished work, and met

11、al statues were either made by wrapping sheet metal arounda wooden core or cast by the lost wa_ process.The arms could be held away fromthe body and carry separate items in their hands; there is no back pillar.Theeffect is altogether lighter and freer than that achieved in stone, but becauseboth per

12、form the same function, formal wooden and metal statues still displayfrontality.Which of the following statements about wooden statues is true?(A) Wooden statues were usually larger than stone statues.(B) Wooden statues were made from a single piece of wood.(C) Wooden statues contained pieces of met

13、al or stone attached to thefront.(D) Wooden statues had a different effect on the viewer than stonestatues.解析：Step1题干： 找出题干的定位【关键词】：p 】：，是wooden statues;这是详细名词，一般不会改写。Step2原文：根据wooden statues定位至倒数第三句(以By contrast开头)，我们发现之后两句话也都是关于woodenstatues的信息;那么原文答案就是最后三句话。Step3选项： 纵观四个选项，我们发现D选项跟原文最后一句话but之前的信息

14、同义改写，所以答案是D。综上所述，托福阅读直接信息题的解答策略并不复杂，主要涉及【关键词】：p 】：定位和同义改写这两个根本才能的考察，只要把握好确定【关键词】：p 】：、定位、同义改写的做题节奏，利用真题做好充分练习与反思，我们完全可以轻松hold住这一高频题型，顺利稳住托福阅读。托福阅读真题原题+题目Prehistoric mammoths have been preserved in the famous tar pits of RanchoLa Brea (Brea is the Spanish word for tar) in what is now the heart of Los

15、Angeles, California.These tar pits have been known for centuries and wereformerly mined for their natural asphalt, a black or brown petroleum-likesubstance.Thousands of tons were e_tracted before 1875, when it was firstnoticed that the tar contained fossil remains.Major e_cavations were undertakenth

16、at established the significance of this remarkable site.The tar pits werefound to contain the remains of scores of species of animals from the last30,000 years of the Ice Age.Since then, over 100 tons of fossils, 1.5 million from vertebrates, 2.5million from invertebrates, have been recovered, often

17、 in densely concentratedand tangled masses.The creatures found range from insects and birds to giantground sloths, but a total of 17 proboscides (animals with a proboscis or longnose) including mastodons and Columbian mammoths have been recovered, mostof them from Pit 9, the deepest bone-bearing dep

18、osit, which was e_cavated in1914.Most of the fossils date to between 40,000 and 10,000 years ago.The asphalt at La Brea seeps to the surface, especially in the summer, andforms shallow puddles that would often have been concealed by leaves and dust.Unwary animals would bee trapped on these thin shee

19、ts of liquid asphalt,which are e_tremely sticky in warm weather.Stuck, the unfortunate beasts woulddie of e_haustion and hunger or fall prey to predators that often also becamestuck.As the animals decayed, more scavengers would be attracted and caught intheir turn.Carnivores greatly outnumber herbiv

20、ores in the collection: for everylarge herbivore, there is one saber-tooth cat, a coyote, and four wolves.Thefact that some bones are heavily weathered shows that some bodies remained abovethe surface for weeks or months.Bacteria in the asphalt would have consumedsome of the tissues other than bones

21、, and the asphalt itself would dissolve whatwas left, at the same time impregnating and beautifully preserving the saturatedbones, rendering them dark brown and shiny.1.What aspect of the La Brea tar pits does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The amount of asphalt that was mined there(B) The chemical

22、and biological interactions between asphalt andanimals(C) The fossil remains that have been found there(D) Scientific methods of determining the age of tar pits2.In using the phrase the heart of Los Angeles in line 2, the author istalking about the citys(A) beautiful design(B) central area(C) basic

23、needs(D) supplies of natural asphalt3.The word noticed in line 5 closest in meaning to(A) predicted(B) announced(C) corrected(D) observed4.The word tangled in line 10 is closest in meaning to(A) buried beneath(B) twisted together(C) quickly formed(D) easily dated5.The word them in line 13 refers to(

24、A) insects(B) birds(C) cloths(D) proboscideans6.How many proboscideans have been found at the La Brea tar pits?(A) 9(B) 17(C) 1.5 million(D) 2.5 million7.The word concealed in line 17 is closest in meaning to(A) highlighted(B) covered(C) transformed(D) contaminated8.Why does the author mention anima

25、ls such as coyotes and wolves inparagraph 4?(A) To give e_les of animals that are classified as carnivores(B) To specify the animals found least monly at La Brea(C) To argue that these animals were especially likely to avoide_tinction.(D) To define the term scavengers托福阅读背景知识汇总之将来派将来派(Futurism)在法国的将

26、来派是一个有预先组织的画派, 他们把画派的中心思想及名称都想好了并发表后, 才开场按照准那么作画.将来派的准那么简单的来说就是:“动就是美”.他们认为, 一切的一切在将来而否认过去.他们认为要不停的动, 才能摆脱过去, 迎向将来.将来派表现“动”的方法大多是用物体的连续动作.好似摄影时使用慢速快门, 理解摄影的人都知道, 在摄影中要表现动作(movement)时, 有两个选择,一是用快速快门(通常在1/500秒以上)使物体动态凝结, 二是用慢速快门(通常在1/30秒以下)使物体在底片上留下动态轨迹.所以将来派所表现的不是如今式,不是过去式, 更不是将来式, 而是如今进展式(加-in就对啦!).虽然将来派只有短短的五, 六年, 但是这个观念影响了之后的达达派(Dada)及现代抽象艺术,他们比将来派更否认过去, 保证你看不懂.第 12 页 共 12 页