虚拟语气课件(PPT).ppt

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1、Book 6 Module Book 6 Module 5 5subjuctive mood2015.12Would you mind if I opened the door?I wish I had not done that.语气语气英英语语的的动动词词一一般般可可带带有有三三种种不不同同的的语语气气：陈陈述述语语气气，祈祈使使语语气气和和虚虚拟拟语语气气。不不同同的的语语气气用用动动词词的的不不同同形形式式（有有的的还借助句法形式）来表示。还借助句法形式）来表示。虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一一是是用用来来表表示示说说话话人人所所说说的的

2、话话不不是是一一个个事事实实，而而是是一一种种假假设设、猜猜测测、怀怀疑疑等等(常常用用在在条条件件状状语语从从句句中中或或让让步步状语从句中状语从句中)；一一是是表表示示说说话话人人的的愿愿望望、要要求求、命命令令、建建议议等等(常常用用在名词性从句中在名词性从句中)。简简言言之之，即即：不不是是事事实实或或不不大大可可能能发发生生的的事事情情，就就用用虚拟语气来表述虚拟语气来表述虚拟语气的概念虚拟语气的概念用所给动词的适当形式填空用所给动词的适当形式填空1.He suggested we _(start)off early the next day.2.Its high time you

3、_ (go)there.3.She made the demand that she _(leave)at once.4.How I wish I _(be)a bird and could fly freely in the sky!5.I would rather you _(pay)me now.6.We insisted they _(not be)present at such meeting.7.If only I _(have)an apartment of my own now!8.John pretends as if he _(not know)the thing at a

4、ll,but in fact he knows it well.shouldstartwent/shouldgoshouldleavewerepaidshouldnotbehaddidnotknow 1.should+动词原形的结构动词原形的结构 表示命令、要求、建议等意义的词有关的表示命令、要求、建议等意义的词有关的名词性从句名词性从句要使用虚要使用虚拟语气拟语气，即从句中的动词使用即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将动词原形，或者将should省略。省略。常见动词：常见动词：一个坚持：一个坚持：insist；两个命令：两个命令：order,command 三个建议：三个建议：a

5、dvise,suggest,propose 四个要求：四个要求：demand,require,request,ask ExerciseHer pale face suggested that she should be ill.So I suggested that she should be sent to the hospital,but she insisted that she should not be ill._ was_ was not注意：注意：如如suggest,insist不表示不表示建建议 或或坚持要某人做持要某人做某事某事时，即它，即它们用于其本意用于其本意暗示、表明暗

6、示、表明、坚持持认为时，宾语从句用从句用陈述述语气。气。2.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法1）wish/If only +从句从句现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：would/could/might+V.2）as if/though +从句从句过去完成时过去完成时过去时过去时现在：过去：过去时过去时(did/were)过去完成时过去完成时(had done)3）would rather that-现在现在/未来未来:过去：过去：过去时过去完成时4)Its high time+that-should+V.过去时过去时5)Would you mind if-过去时过去时

7、a.if真实条件句真实条件句 表示条件是表示条件是真的或真的或有可能实现的有可能实现的,采用采用陈述语气陈述语气。b.if虚拟条件句虚拟条件句 表示条件是表示条件是虚拟的虚拟的或几乎无法实现的或几乎无法实现的,采用采用虚拟语气虚拟语气。If we have chances,we can have further cooperation.If I have another chance,I will visit China again.if if真实条件句用于真实条件句用于陈述语气陈述语气,假设的情况很假设的情况很有可能发生有可能发生,其中其中if if是是“如果如果”的意思的意思if条件从句条

8、件从句一般现在时一般现在时 主句主句will shall+动词原形动词原形情态动词情态动词+动词原形动词原形What will you do if it rains tomorrow?I will sleep at home if it rains tomorrow.if虚拟条件句虚拟条件句 表示条件是表示条件是虚拟的或几虚拟的或几乎无法实现的乎无法实现的,采用采用虚拟语气虚拟语气。if 引导的虚拟条件句引导的虚拟条件句与与现在现在事实相反事实相反与与过去过去事实相反事实相反与与将来将来事实可能相反事实可能相反If I had a great deal of money,I would buy

9、 a villa(别墅别墅)for my parents.与与现在现在事实相反事实相反IfIweretheschoolmasterofHuiminNo.1Middleschool,Iwouldletthestudentsgetupalittlelatertogetabettersleep.与与现在现在事实相反事实相反在此处插入图片 ifif虚拟条件句虚拟条件句 动词的过去式动词的过去式（be动词一般用动词一般用were)would(should/might/could)动动词原形词原形1.If I had a great deal of money,I would buy a villa(别墅

10、别墅)for my parents.2.If I were the schoolmaster of Huimin No.1 Middle school,I would let the students get up a little later to get a better sleep.If the young man had driven more carefully,he would not have caused the car accident in May,2009.与与过去过去事实相反事实相反If Tom had learnt how to swim,he would not h

11、ave been trapped on that island for four years.与与过去过去事实相反事实相反If he had got up earlier,he could have caught the train.与与过去过去事实相反事实相反 ifif虚拟条件句虚拟条件句had+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词1.If the yong man had driven more carefully,he would not have caused the car accident in May,2009.2.If Tom had learnt how to swim,he wou

12、ld not have been trapped on that island for four years.3.3.If If hehe had got up earlier earlier ,hehe could have caught the the train.train.would(should/might/could)have doneIf I met Obama some day,I would shake hands with him.If I were to meet Obama some day,If I should meet Obama some day,与与将将来来事

13、事实实相相反反 ifif虚拟条件句虚拟条件句1、动词过去式动词过去式2、were to+动词原形动词原形3、should+动词原形动词原形would(should/might/could)动动词原形词原形 If I met/were to meet/should meet Obama some day,I would shake hands with him.总结：if虚拟条件句虚拟条件句1、动词过去式动词过去式2、were to+动词原形动词原形3、should+动词原形动词原形 动词的过去式动词的过去式（be动词一般用动词一般用were)would(should/might/could)动

14、词原形动词原形had+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词 would(should/might/could)have donewould(should/might/could)动词原形动词原形（4+1）Exercises1.If everyone _(know)first aid,many lives would be saved.2.If I had taken money with me yesterday,I _(repair)my watch.3.If you_ (come)tomorrow,I would go fishing with you.knewwouldhaverepairedc

15、ame/shouldcome/weretocome1.If my father _ here now,he _ tell me what to do.A.were;would B.was;will C.had been;would D.is;will2.You didnt let me drive.If we_ in turn,you _ so tired.A.drovedidnt get B.had drivenwouldnt have got C.drovewouldnt get D.were drivingwouldnt get Exercise AB3.If it _ rain tom

16、orrow,we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will4.-Would you have called her up _ possible then?-Yes,but I _ busy doing my homework.A.had it been was B.if it was were C.if it had been had been D.if it were would beBA Exercise 5.-It rained cats and dogs thi

17、s morning.Im glad we took an umbrella.-Yeah,we would have got wet all over if we _.A.hadnt B.havent C.didnt D.dont6.You didnt take my advice,so you failed in the exam.（改（改为虚虚拟语气）气）AIf you had taken my advice,you wouldnt have failed in the exam.7.If the United States had built more homes for poor peo

18、ple in 1955，the housing problems now in some parts of this country _ so serious.A.wouldnt be B.will not have beenC.wouldnt have been D.would have not beenExercise nowin 1955A1.1.错综时间条件句错综时间条件句1、If+主语主语+动词过去式动词过去式2、If+主语主语+were to+动词原形动词原形3、If+主语主语+should+动词原形动词原形If+主语主语+动词的过去式动词的过去式（be动词一般用动词一般用were

19、)主语主语+would(should/might/could)动词原形动词原形即：即：If+一般过去时态一般过去时态（be动词一般用动词一般用were)If+主语主语+had+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词即：即：If+过去完成时态过去完成时态主语主语+would(should/might/could)have done主语主语+would(should/might/could)动词原形动词原形错综时间条件句错综时间条件句错综时间条件句错综时间条件句（4+1）错综时间虚虚拟条件句条件句即：即：if虚虚拟条件句与主句的条件句与主句的时间不一致。不一致。1).If you had followed

20、my advice,you would be able to finish the work now.如果你当如果你当时听了我的听了我的话，现在就能完成在就能完成这份工作了。份工作了。（从句从句说明明过去，主句去，主句说明明现在。）在。）3).If you hadnt lent me some money,I couldnt have bought the new house and I would be still living in the dangerous house now.假假若若你你不不借借钱给我我，我我不不可可能能买下下这幢幢新新房房，很很可可能能现在在还住住在在危危房房里。里

21、。（从句（从句说明明过去，主句去，主句说明明过去和去和现在。）在。）Exercises1.If you (ask)Tom yesterday,you_(know)what to do now.2.It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love with the library in my hometown at the age of seven.A.wouldnt have fallen B.had not fallen C.should fall D.were to fall3.He would

22、be a good sportsman now if he trained regularly.(改错）改错）hadaskedwouldknowBhad1.Whatdoesthewomenthinkhappen?A.ThatthemanwillnotbeabletosleepB.ThatsomeonewillenterthebackdoorwhilethemanissleepingC.Thatthelockonthedoorwillbreak2.Whatistheproblem?A.Themancantdrive.B.Thepartyisover.C.Theyarelost.BCtext1W:

23、IfIwereyou,Idbemorecarefulaboutlockingthebackdooratnight.M:Dontworry,noonewillbreakin.text2W:Ifyouhadlistenedtome,wedbeattheparty.Moveover.Illdrive.M:IwassureIknewthewaythere.Illturnaround.阅读理解阅读理解The The soldiers soldiers had had been been marchingmarching（行行走走）up up and and down down in in the the

24、 square square for for an an hour hour while while their their officer officer shouted shouted orders,and orders,and they they were were all all tired,hot tired,hot and and unhappy.unhappy.They They were were marching marching towards towards a a big big building building when when they they suddenl

25、y suddenly realized realized that that the the officer officer had had not not left left himself himself enough enough time time to to give give the the order order to to turn turn round round or or to to stop,so stop,so they they were were going going to to match match straight straight into into t

26、he the wall.wall.The The soldiers soldiers smiled smiled happily happily as as each each of of those those in in the the front front line line decided decided at at the the same same time time to to walk walk straight straight ahead.ahead.There There was was aloud aloud noise noise as as they they h

27、it the wall one after another.hit the wall one after another.But But before before any any of of them them had had time time to to smile smile again,the again,the officer officer shouted,If shouted,If you you men men had had been been in in a a really really straight straight line,I line,I would wou

28、ld have have heard heard only only one one sound when you hit the wall.sound when you hit the wall.1.The officer didnt change his order because _.A.he was looking in another directionB.he was angry with his soldiers and wanted to punish themC.it was too late for him to give another orderD.he wanted

29、to test the soldiers sense of discipline(纪律意律意识).2.When he shouted,If your men had been in a really straight line,I would have heard only one sound when you hit that wall,the officer _.A.was,in fact,making an excuse for himselfB.was telling the soldiers that they hadnt obeyed his order strictlyC.was warning them not to drill so carelesslyD.was making fun of themCA虚拟语气用于条件状语从句虚拟语气用于条件状语从句had donewould should +have done sthcouldmight助动词助动词 be用用 were 实义动词实义动词 do 用用 didwould should +do sthcouldmightdid/were should dowere to dowould should +do sthcouldMight