英语表语从句讲解.ppt

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1、什么叫名词性从句？什么叫名词性从句？在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun ClausesNoun Clauses）名词从句的功能相当于名词词组名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在它在复合句中能担任复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同主语、宾语、表语、同位语位语等等因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句句、表语从句和和同位语从句同位语从句 名词性从句名词性从句 noun clause 主语从句主语从句subject clause 宾语从句宾语从句o

2、bject clause 表语从句表语从句predicative clause 同位语从句同位语从句appositive clause His story is interesting.What he said is interesting.I heard his story.I heard what he said.I listen to his story.I listen to what he said.This is his story.This is what he said.The idea of going there is good.The idea that we shoul

3、d go there is good.名词性从句中的名词性从句中的连接词连接词连词连词:that/whether/as if(though);连接代词连接代词:what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever /whichever，连接副词连接副词:where/when/why/how /wherever/whenever引导词引导词句型转换句型转换1.They are good doctors.He told us.2.He hadnt said anything at the meeting.The fact surprised us.He to

4、ld us that they were good doctors.The fact that he hadnt said anything at the meeting surprised us.总结：当从句原来是陈述句时，变总结：当从句原来是陈述句时，变成名词性从句用成名词性从句用that引导。引导。3.Does your sister get up early?Do you know?4.Do animals have the same senses as humans?I often wonder.Do you know if/whether your sister gets up e

5、arly?I often wonder if/whether animals have the same senses as humans.总结：当从句原来是一般疑问句时，变成总结：当从句原来是一般疑问句时，变成名词性从句用名词性从句用if或或whether引导。引导。5.When did he buy this new bike?Could you tell me?6.My question is this:where will the lecture be given?Could you tell me when he bought this new bike?My question is

6、 where the lecture will be given.总结：当从句原来是特殊疑问句时，总结：当从句原来是特殊疑问句时，变成名词性从句还用原来的特殊疑变成名词性从句还用原来的特殊疑问词来引导。问词来引导。总结：名词性从句必须用陈述句语序。总结：名词性从句必须用陈述句语序。所有名词性从句要所有名词性从句要有且仅有一个有且仅有一个引导引导词，除宾语从句的词，除宾语从句的that外其他均不能外其他均不能省略。其结构为省略。其结构为引导词引导词+陈述语序陈述语序Predicative Clauses 表语从句表语从句表语从句的定义：表语从句的定义：表语从句在复合句中表语从句在复合句中作主句的

7、表语。表语从句和主语指同作主句的表语。表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释、说明，一内容，它对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。使主语的内容具体化。结构是结构是“主语主语+系动词系动词+表语从句表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有可以接表语从句的系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。等。连接词：连接词：that/whether/as if/as though连接代词：连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what 连接副词：连接副词：when/where/why/how/because 1.The question is whether we can re

8、ly on him.2.Thats because we were in need of money at that time.3.He looked as if he was going to cry.4.Thats why I was late.引导词的用法（一）引导词的用法（一）that在表语从句中在表语从句中 ,又又 。The fact is that he hasnt yet recover from illness.The reason why he has to go is that his mother is ill in bed.既不充当成分既不充当成分 没有意义没有意义wh

9、ether在表语从句中表在表语从句中表 ,但不但不充当句子的成分。充当句子的成分。if 引导表语从引导表语从句句.如如:1.What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.2.The question is whether it is worth doing.“是否是否”不能不能引导词的用法（二）引导词的用法（二）what 在表语从句中充当在表语从句中充当_ 表示表示_.1.The question is what caused the accident.

10、2.That mountain is no longer what it used to be.3.What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.主语、宾语或表语主语、宾语或表语什么，什么样子，或所什么，什么样子，或所的（人或事）的（人或事）引导词的用法（三）引导词的用法（三）who 在表语从句中充当在表语从句中充当_表示表示_.1.The problem is who could do the work2.My trouble is who(whom)I can turn to.主语、宾语或表语主语、宾语或表语谁谁引导

11、词的用法（四）引导词的用法（四）which 在引导表语从句时在引导表语从句时,常充当常充当_ 表示表示 。如：。如：I read about it in some book or another,but what I dont know is which(book)it is.定语定语,表语表语其中哪一个其中哪一个引导词的用法（五）引导词的用法（五）由由as if,as though引导表语从句，表引导表语从句，表示示好像好像。句子中的系动词常用。句子中的系动词常用look,appear,seem等。等。1.It looks as if it was doing to rain.2.2.The

12、 young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl.引导词的用法（六）引导词的用法（六）当主句的当主句的主语为主语为reason,或者是或者是由由why引导的从句引导的从句时时,与它们相关的表语从句与它们相关的表语从句用用_,而不能由而不能由_ 引导引导;because 引导表语从句时只能用于引导表语从句时只能用于_句型中句型中.1.The reason why I was late was that I missed the train.2.I was late.It/That/This was because I missed the

13、train.that来引导来引导becauseIt/That/This is/was because引导词的用法（七）引导词的用法（七）当表语从句中主语、宾语、表语具备，当表语从句中主语、宾语、表语具备，但是还是要表示疑问含义，可以判断句但是还是要表示疑问含义，可以判断句子中子中缺少状语缺少状语，常常用相应的特殊疑问，常常用相应的特殊疑问词引导，有词引导，有why,when,where,how等等This is how he did it.That is why the brothers wanted to make a bet.Thats why weve given you the let

14、ter.引导词的用法（八）引导词的用法（八）表语从句引导词注意事项表语从句引导词注意事项1.that引导表语从句时不能省引导表语从句时不能省.2.if不能引导表语从句不能引导表语从句.3.除除that外的所有引导词都有自己外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。的意义。4.除除that,whether外的所有引导外的所有引导词都须在词都须在从句中充当相应的成从句中充当相应的成分分 1.Thats _ the Party called on us to do.A.why B.what C.how D.that 2.The reason is _ he is unable to operate the ma

15、chine.A.because B.why C.that D.Whether3.That is _ they separated.A.that B.what C.which D.where 4.Jane is no longer _ she was four years ago.A.what B.which C.that D.when 名词主语名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句引起的表语从句主语名词常常是主语名词常常是表示事实，真理的名词，如：表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact,truth 表示看法，观点、问题、麻烦的名词，表示看法，观点、问题、麻烦的名词，如：如：idea,opinion,belief,view,news,advice,feeling,suggestion,plan,trouble,question,problem,1.The fact is that our team has won the game.2.The truth is that she was the very person we are looking for.