语法篇专题特殊句式强调倒装省略thereb.ppt
《语法篇专题特殊句式强调倒装省略thereb.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《语法篇专题特殊句式强调倒装省略thereb.ppt(35页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、专题十三专题十三 特殊句式(强调、倒装、省略、特殊句式(强调、倒装、省略、there bethere be)一、强调句一、强调句定义:强调句是一种修辞方式,是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感定义:强调句是一种修辞方式,是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式。而使用的一种形式。强调方式主要有以下几种结构:强调方式主要有以下几种结构:类型类型例句例句 用助动词用助动词“do/doesdid动词原形动词原形”来强调来强调谓语动词。谓语动词。He does know the place well.Do write to me when you get there.用形容词用形容词 very,onl
2、y,single,such,last 等修饰名等修饰名词或形容词来加强词或形容词来加强语气。语气。The last thing she needed was more work.Thats the very textbook we used last term.You are the only person here who can speak Chinese.How dare you buy such expensive jewels?用倒装句(将要强用倒装句(将要强调的句子或被强调调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首)的部分置于句首)来加强语气。来加强语气。On the table were s
3、ome flowers.Many a time have I climbed that hill.用强调句型:用强调句型:“It is/was被强调的部分被强调的部分that/who原句其他部分原句其他部分”。被强调的。被强调的部分为部分为“人人”时用时用who/that,否则都用,否则都用that。注意:被强调部分不能是谓注意:被强调部分不能是谓语动词。语动词。It was on Monday night that all this happened.Its me who he blamed.It was what you did that made me satisfied.It is I
4、 who/that am in charge of the factory.用用in the world,on earth,at all等介词短语可以表达更强等介词短语可以表达更强的语气(常用于疑问句的语气(常用于疑问句)。Where in the world could he be?What on earth is it?【考点一】考查【考点一】考查not.until 结构的强调句,其结构为:结构的强调句,其结构为:It is/was not until+被强调部分被强调部分+that+其他部分。其他部分。【即学即练】【即学即练】单项填空单项填空It _ we had stayed toge
5、ther for a couple of weeks _ I found we had a lot in common.A.was until;whenB.was until;thatC.wasnt until;whenD.wasnt until;that答案:答案:D 【考点二】考查复合句中的强调句型【考点二】考查复合句中的强调句型【即学即练】【即学即练】单项填空单项填空Was it _ he was seriously ill that he didnt come to school yesterday?A.although B.that C.because D.since_ he cam
6、e back home that we knew what had happened.A.When it was B.It was whenC.Was it when D.When was it答案:答案:C B 【考点三考点三】考查强调句的特殊疑问句考查强调句的特殊疑问句其结构是:疑问词其结构是:疑问词+is/was+it+that+其他部分,但这类句型如出现其他部分,但这类句型如出现在宾语从句中,其结构为:疑问词在宾语从句中,其结构为:疑问词+it+is/was+that+其他部分。其他部分。Where was it that you met the Frenchman?【即学即练即学即练
7、】单项填空单项填空_ electricity plays an important part in our daily life?A.Why was it that B.Why is it thatC.Why is it D.Why it is that答案:答案:B 【难点一】正确判断强调句型【难点一】正确判断强调句型用一个恰当的词完成下列句子,使之完整、正确。用一个恰当的词完成下列句子,使之完整、正确。It was the school gate _ I met an old friend of mine after class.Was it in this palace _ the la
8、st emperor died?解析:强调句型的强调部分必须是对解析:强调句型的强调部分必须是对 that/who 之后句子的某一成之后句子的某一成分表示强调,如果把分表示强调,如果把“It is(was).that”去掉,该句意思完整。题去掉,该句意思完整。题如果去掉如果去掉It was与横线部分,则成分不完整,与横线部分,则成分不完整,the school gate 前应前应该加上该加上at才能作状语,才能构成强调句型,所以题才能作状语,才能构成强调句型,所以题为定语从句应为定语从句应填填where;题;题若去掉若去掉Was it与横线部分,句子完整,故应填与横线部分,句子完整,故应填th
9、at,为强调句型。为强调句型。【难点二】强调句型与【难点二】强调句型与It is/was+时间时间+when/before从句;从句;It be+时间时间+since从句;从句;It be long.before.等句型的区别。等句型的区别。用一个恰当的词完成下列句子,使之完整、正确用一个恰当的词完成下列句子,使之完整、正确It was at midnight _ I got back home yesterday.It was midnight _ I got back home yesterday.It is two years _ I began to learn English.It
10、may be many years_ the situation improves.解析:通过分析题干可知,题解析:通过分析题干可知,题是强调句型,被强调的是时间状语,是强调句型,被强调的是时间状语,空白处应填空白处应填that;题;题以名词的方式来表示时间,其后从句是以名词的方式来表示时间,其后从句是when引导的定语从句;题引导的定语从句;题表示表示“自从自从以来已有多久以来已有多久”,用,用since来来引导;题引导;题用的是用的是“It was+时间段时间段+before从句从句”表示表示“过了多长过了多长时间才时间才”。二、倒装句二、倒装句定义:为了强调、突出等目的而颠倒原有语序的句
11、式叫做倒装句,定义:为了强调、突出等目的而颠倒原有语序的句式叫做倒装句,颠倒了的成分可以恢复原位而句意基本不变,句法成分不变。倒装颠倒了的成分可以恢复原位而句意基本不变,句法成分不变。倒装句分为三种:句分为三种:完全倒装:指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。完全倒装:指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。部分倒装:指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。部分倒装:指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do,does或或did,并将其置于主语之前。,并将其置于主语之前。形式
12、倒装:在语法上又被称为前置。它的特点是,只把强调的内容形式倒装:在语法上又被称为前置。它的特点是,只把强调的内容提置句首,主谓并不倒装。提置句首,主谓并不倒装。具体用法见下表:具体用法见下表:倒装类型倒装类型例句例句部分倒装部分倒装Only in this way can you solve this problem.No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled.完全倒装完全倒装Up went the rocket into the air
13、.Such would be our home in the future.On top of the hill stands a tall tree.Here comes the bus.形式倒装形式倒装What an interesting talk they had!The more you listen to English,the easier it becomes.Whatever reasons you have,you should carry out your promise.【考点一】部分倒装【考点一】部分倒装部分倒装主要有以下几种情况:部分倒装主要有以下几种情况:(1)句
14、首状语为否定词(组)或半否定词(组)的句子。这类词或句首状语为否定词(组)或半否定词(组)的句子。这类词或短语主要有短语主要有never,neither,nor,little,seldom,rarely,hardly,scarcely,no sooner,not only,in no way,at no time,few,not,no等。等。Little does he care about what I said.(2)only+状语放在句首,要部分倒装。注意,状语放在句首,要部分倒装。注意,only修饰主语不倒装。修饰主语不倒装。Only by this means is it possi
15、ble to explain it.(3)so/such.that结构中的结构中的so或或such位于句首。位于句首。So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.(4)“neither/nor助动词系动词情态动词主语助动词系动词情态动词主语”表示表示“某某人或某事亦非如此人或某事亦非如此”;“so助动词系动词情态动词主语助动词系动词情态动词主语”表示表示“某人或某事亦是某人或某事亦是如此如此”。注意:注意:当陈述部分既有肯定又有否定或者谓语动词既有实义动当陈述部分既有肯定又有否定或者谓语动词既有
16、实义动词又有助动词时,可用下面两个句型:词又有助动词时,可用下面两个句型:It is the same with.或或So it is with.。Jack is a student and he studies hard.It is the same with Tom.“so主语助动词系动词情态动词主语助动词系动词情态动词”表示表示“某人或某事确某人或某事确实如此实如此”。I reminded you not to forget the appointment.So you did.(5)if引导的虚拟条件句含有引导的虚拟条件句含有were,had,should时时,可省略可省略if,再把再
17、把were,should或或had移到从句句首。移到从句句首。Had you come earlier,you would have met him.(6)用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。May you succeed!【考点二】完全倒装【考点二】完全倒装全部倒装即完全倒装有以下几种情况:全部倒装即完全倒装有以下几种情况:(1)There be结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词动词的动词有:有:exist,seem,happen,appear,live,rise,stand等。等。There exist different o
18、pinions on this question.(2)“Here/There/Now/Then+come(或或be等等)+主语主语”结构。结构。本句型中本句型中there是副词是副词,应重读应重读,强调地点。而强调地点。而There be句型中句型中there本身没意义。本身没意义。Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.There comes the bus.此句型中的主语必须是名词。如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。此句型中的主语必须是名词。如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。There she comes.(3)表示方向的副词表示方
19、向的副词out,in,up,down等置于句首等置于句首,要用全部倒装。但要用全部倒装。但主语是代词时用部分倒装。主语是代词时用部分倒装。In came Mr White.Away went the boy.Out she went.(4)表示地点的介词短语表示地点的介词短语(如如:on the wall,under the tree,in front of the house等等)放在句首时,要全部倒装。放在句首时,要全部倒装。On the top of the hill stands a pine tree.They arrived at a house,in front of which
20、 sat an old man.(5)用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。Long live the Peoples Republic of China!(6)其他形式的完全倒装。其他形式的完全倒装。Present at the meeting was Mr.Green,a headmaster.(形容词短语)(形容词短语)East of the city lies a new railway.(副词短语副词短语)First to be completed was the seven-storey teaching building.(不定式短语不定式短语)Gone are t
21、he days when my heart was young and gay.(过去分词过去分词)Lying on the floor was a boy aged 15.(现在分词短语现在分词短语)三、省略句三、省略句省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析,句子应该具备的省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析,句子应该具备的成分,有时出于修辞上的需要,在句中并不出现,这种句子叫做省成分,有时出于修辞上的需要,在句中并不出现,这种句子叫做省略句,这种语法现象称为略句,这种语法现象称为“省略省略”。其特点是:虽然省去句子语法。其特点是:虽然省去句子语法构造所需要的组成部分,但仍能表达其
22、完整的意义。省略形式多样,构造所需要的组成部分,但仍能表达其完整的意义。省略形式多样,从单词、短语到分句,都可以省略,而且各有一定的衔接关系,不从单词、短语到分句,都可以省略,而且各有一定的衔接关系,不容臆断。容臆断。省略用法见下表:省略用法见下表:省略类型省略类型例句例句不定式的省略不定式的省略He may leave if he wishes to.I prefer not to.状语从句中的省状语从句中的省略略While(you are)cycling,dont forget the traffic lights.He opened his lips as if(he were)to s
23、peak.The exhibition is more interesting than(it was)expected.Whenever(it is)possible,he will come to my help.so,not 替代词的替代词的省略省略Get up early tomorrow.If not,you will miss the first bus.He may not be at home then.If so,leave him a note.【考点一】考查状语从句的省略【考点一】考查状语从句的省略在以在以when,while,if,as if,though(althou
24、gh),as,whether,once,whenever等连词引导的状语从句中,若从句的主语是等连词引导的状语从句中,若从句的主语是it或与主句的或与主句的主语相同,且在谓语中含有主语相同,且在谓语中含有be动词时,常省略从句的主语和动词时,常省略从句的主语和be,引,引导词后直接跟不定式、分词、形容词、介词短语等。导词后直接跟不定式、分词、形容词、介词短语等。Look out for cars when(you are)crossing the street.While(I was)walking along the street,I heard my name called.He look
25、ed everywhere as if(he was)in search of something.Unless(it is)necessary,youd better not refer to the dictionary.【考点二】不定式符号【考点二】不定式符号to的省略的省略感官实义动词感官实义动词see,hear,feel,watch等和使役动词等和使役动词 have,make,let等后等后接不定式作宾补时接不定式作宾补时,省略不定式省略不定式to;do nothing but,cant(help/choose)but等结构常接省略等结构常接省略to的不定式;在口语中,为了避免的不定
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 语法 专题 特殊 句式 强调 倒装 省略 thereb
限制150内