2018年度高考.英语3500个词汇考纲版(word版.).doc

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1、英英 语语考核目标与要求考核目标与要求一、语言知识一、语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、 词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功 能意念和话题（见附录 1 至附录 5），要求词汇量为 3500 左右。二、语言运用二、语言运用1 1听力听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简 短独白和对话。考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）获取具体的、事实性信息；（3）对所听内容做出推断；（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和 态度。2 2阅读阅读要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中 关于一般性话题的简短文段以及 公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语

2、 的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态 度。3 3写作写作要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。 考生应能：（1）清楚、连贯地传递信息，表 达意思；（2）有效运用所学语言知识。4 4口语口语要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。 考生应能：（1）询问或传递事实性信息，表 达意思和想法；（2）做到语音、语调自然；（3）做到语言运用得体；（4）使用有效的交际策略。附录附录 1 1语音项目表语音项目表1. 基本读音(1)26 个字母的读音(2)元音字母在重读音节中的读音(3)元音字母在轻读音节中的读音(4)元音字母组合在重读音节中的 读音(5)常见的元音字母组合在轻

3、读音 节中的读音(6)辅音字母组合的读音(7)辅音连缀的读音(8)成节音的读音2. 重音(1)单词重音(2)句子重音3. 读音的变化(1)连读(2)失去爆破(3)弱读(4)同化4. 语调与节奏(1)意群与停顿(2)语调(3)节奏5.语音、语调、重音、节奏等在 口语交流中的运用6.朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧7.主要英语国家的英语语音差异附录附录 2 2语法项目表语法项目表1. 名词(1)可数名词及其单复数(2)不可数名词(3)专有名词(4)名词所有格2. 代词(1)人称代词(2)物主代词(3)反身代词(4)指示代词(5)不定代词(6)疑问代词3. 数词(1)基数词(2)序数词4.介词和介词短语5.连

4、词6.形容词(比较级和最高级)7.副词(比较级和最高级)8.冠词9.动词(1)动词的基本形式(2)系动词(3)及物动词和不及物动词(4)助动词(5)情态动词10. 时态(1)一般现在时(2)一般过去时(3)一般将来时(4)现在进行时(5)过去进行时(6)过去将来时(7)将来进行时(8)现在完成时(9)过去完成时(10)现在完成进行时11.被动语态12.非谓语动词(1)动词不定式(2)动词的-ing 形式(3)动词的-ed 形式13. 构词法(1)合成法(2)派生法(3)转化法(4)缩写和简写14. 句子种类(1)陈述句(2)疑问句(3)祈使句(4)感叹句15. 句子成分(1)主语(2)谓语(3

5、)表语(4)宾语(5)定语(6)状语(7)补语16.简单句的基本句型17.主谓一致18.并列复合句19.主从复合句(1)宾语从句(2)状语从句(3)定语从句(4)主语从句(5)表语从句20.间接引语21.省略22.倒装23.强调24.虚拟语气附录附录 3 3功能意念项目表功能意念项目表1.社会交往 (Social Communications)(1) 问候 (Greetings)(2) 介绍 (Introduction)(3) 告别 (Farewells )(4) 感谢 (Thanks )(5) 道歉 (Apologies)(6) 邀请 (Invitation)(7) 请求允许 (Asking

6、 for permission)(8) 祝愿和祝贺 (Expressing wishes and congratulations)(9) 提供帮助 (Offering help)(10) 接受和拒绝 (Acceptance and refusal)(11) 约会 (Making appointments)(12) 打电话 (Making telephone calls)(13) 就餐 (Having meals)(14) 就医 (Seeing the doctor)(15) 购物 (Shopping)(16) 问路 (Asking the way)(17) 谈论天气 (Talking abou

7、t weather)(18) 语言交际困难 (Language difficulties in communication)(19) 提醒注意 (Reminding)(20) 警告和禁止 (Warning and prohibition)(21) 劝告 (Advice)(22) 建议 (Suggestions)2.态度 (Attitudes)(23)同意和不同意 (Agreement and disagreement)(24)喜欢和不喜欢 (Likes and dislikes)(25)肯定和不肯定 (Certainty and uncertainty)(26)可能和不可能 (Possibil

8、ity and impossibility)(27)能够和不能够 (Ability and inability)(28)偏爱和优先选择 (Preference)(29)意愿和打算 (Intentions and plans)(30)希望和愿望 (Hopes and wishes)(31)表扬和鼓励 (Praise and encouragement)(32)责备和抱怨 (Blame and complaint)(33)冷淡 (Indifference)(34)判断与评价 (Judgement and evaluation) 3. 情感 (Emotions)(35)高兴 (Happiness)(

9、36)惊奇 (Surprise)(37)忧虑 (Worries)(38)安慰 (Reassurance)(39)满意 (Satisfaction)(40)遗憾 (Regret)(41)同情 (Sympathy)(42)恐惧 (Fear)(43)愤怒 (Anger)4. 时间 (Time)(44) 时刻 (Point of time)(45)时段 (Duration)(46)频度 (Frequency)(47)时序 (Sequence) 5. 空间 (Space)(48)位置 (Position)(49)方向 (Direction)(50)距离 (Distance) 6. 存在 (Existen

10、ce)(51)存在与不存在 (Existence and Non-existence) 7. 特征 (Features)(52)形状 (Shape)(53)颜色 (Colour)(54)材料 (Material)(55)价格 (Price)(56)规格 (Size)(57)年龄 (Age)8. 计量 (Measurement)(58)长度 (Length)(59)宽度 (Width)(60)高度 (Height)(61)数量 (Number) 9. 比较 (Comparison)(62)同级比较 (Equal comparison)(63)差别比较 (Comparative and super

11、lative)(64)相似和差别 (Similarity and difference) 10. 逻辑关系 (Logical relations)(65)原因和结果 (Cause and effect)(66)目的 (Purpose)11. 职业 (Occupations)(67)工作 (Jobs)(68)单位 (Employer)附录附录 4 4话题项目表话题项目表1.个人情况 (Personal information)2.家庭、朋友与周围的人 (Family, friends and people around)3.周围的环境 (Personal environments)4.日常活动

12、(Daily routines)5.学校生活 (School life)6.兴趣与爱好 (Interests and hobbies)7.个人感情 (Emotions)8.人际关系 (Interpersonal relationships)9.计划与愿望 (Plans and intentions)10.节假日活动 (Festivals, holidays and celebrations)11.购物 (Shopping)12.饮食 (Food and drink)13.健康 (Health)14.天气 (Weather)15.文娱与体育 (Entertainment and sports)1

13、6.旅游和交通 (Travel and transport)17.语言学习 (Language learning)18.自然 (Nature)19.世界与环境 (The world and the environment)20.科普知识与现代技术 (Popular science and modern technology)21.热点话题 (Topical issues)22.历史与地理 (History and geography)23.社会 (Society)24.文学与艺术 (Literature and art)附录附录 5 5词汇表词汇表Aaccommodation n a(an )

14、ar taccompanyv abando nvaccomplis hv abil itynaccoun tnableaaccountan tn abnorma laaccumulat evaboardprepaccuracy n abolis hvaccura tea aborti onnaccusev abou tad bur yvcant=cannot modal vbusncan2n bus hncan aln busine ssncance lvbusinessman/womancance rn (pl businessmen/ women) ncandid aten bus yac

15、andl enbutconj & prepcandyn butche rn & vcante enn butt erncapn butter flyncapit alnbutt onn & vcapsu lenbuy(bought,bought) vcapta innbyprepcapti onnbyeintcarn carbo nncardnceili ngncaren & vcelebrat evcareful acelebrat ionn careles sacelln carpent erncentn carp etncentigra dea carriag encentimet re

16、 carr iern(Am centimeter)n carr otncentr ala carr yvcentre(Am center)ncartoonncentu ryn carv evceremonyncasencerta inacashn & vcertific aten cassett enchai nncast(cast,cast) vchai rn cast lenchairman/wom ancasu ala(pl chairmen/women) n cat nchal kn catalog uenchalleng encatastrophe nchallengi ngacat

17、ch(caught,caught) vchampionn categor ynchanc en cate rvchang en & v Catholi cachangeab leacattnchannnleel caus en & vchan tv & ncautionnchao sn cautiou sachapt erncavencharacte rnCD=compact disk ncharacter istica & nchar gev & nChristm asn char tnchurc hnchatn & vciga rn chea pacigare tten chea tn &

18、 vcinem an chec kn & vcirc len & v chee kncircu itn chee rn & vcircul atev cheerfu lacircumsta ncen chee rsintcirc usn chee sencitiz ennchefncityn chemica la & ncivi lachemistncivili ann chemist ryncivilizat ionn cheque(Am check)nclapv ches snclari fyv ches tnclas snchewvclass icachickennclassi fyv

19、chie fa & nclassma ten child(pl children)nclassro omn childho odnclawn chocola tenclayn choi cenclea nv & a choi rnclean ernchok en & vclea rachoose(chose,chosen) vcler kn chopsticks nclev era chor usnclic kv Christi annclima tenclim bvcome(came,come) v clin icncomedyn cloc kncomfortn clon evcomfort

20、ab lea clos ea & adcommandn & v clot hncommentn clothe sncommercia la clothi ngncommitv clou dncommitmen tn cloudy acommittee nclubncommonaclumsyacommunica tev coac hncommunicatio nncoalncommunismn coas tncommunistn & acoatncompanionn coco ancompanyn coff eencomparevcoinncompassn coincide ncencompen

21、sat evcokencompetevcolda & ncompetenc en coll arncompetiti onn collea guencomplet ea & v coll ectvcomplexa & n collecti onncomponentn colleg encompositi onncollis ionncomprehensio nncolour(Am color) n & vcompromis evcombn & vcompulsor ya combin evcompute rnconcentr atevconsta nta concep tnconstitu t

22、ionn concer nv & nconstr uctv concer tnconstruc tionn conclu devconsul tv conclusi onnconsulta ntn concre teaconsum ev condem nvcontai nv condit ionncontai nern conduc tvcontempora rya conducto rnconten t1n conferen cenconten t2a confid entacontin entn confident ialacontin uev confir mvcontradi ctv

23、confli ctncontradict orya confus evcontra ryn & a congratul atevcontribu tev congratulat ionncontribu tionn connec tvcontro lv & n connecti onncontrovers iala conscien cenconvenie ncen consensu snconvenie nta consequen cenconvention ala conservat ionnconversati onn conservat iveaconveyvconsid ervcon

24、vin cev consider ateacookn & v considerati onncook ern consis tvcook ien consiste ntacoolacopyn & vcreatu rencornncred itn corn erncrewn corporat ionncrim en corre ctv & acrimin aln correcti onncriterion(pl criteria) n correspo ndvcropn corru pta & vcros sn & vcostn & vcrossi ngncosy(Am cozy) across

25、road sn cotta gencrowdn & v cott onn & acrue la coug hn & vcryn & v coul dmodal vcuben coun tvcubi ca count erncuisi nen count ryncultu ren countrys idencupn coupl encupboa rdn courage ncuren & v cour sencurio usa cour tncurren cyn courtyar dncurriculu mn cous inncurta inn cove rn & vcushio nncowncu

26、sto mncras hv & ncustom ern crayo nncustom sn craz yacut(cut,c ut)v & n crea mncycl ev crea tevcycli stndeclar evDdeclin ev dad=dadd yndecora tev dail ya,ad & ndecorat ionndamndecreas evdamagen & vdeedndampa & ndeepa & ad danc en & vdeerndangerndefe atv dangerou sadefence(Am defense) ndarev & modal

27、vdefe ndvdarka & ndegr een darkne ssndela yn & vdashv & ndele tev & ndatandeliberately ad databa sendelica teadaten & vdelicio usa daught erndeligh tndawnndelight eda day ndelive rvdeadademandv deadli nendent istndeafadepartment(Dept.) ndealndepartu rendearadependv deat hndeposi tv & n deba ten & vd

28、ept hndebtndescri bevdecadendescrip tionn deci devdese rtv & n decisi onndeserv evdesig nv & ndilemm an desir ev & ndimensionn des kndinn ern despera teadinosa urn desse rtndioxid en destinati onndip v destr oyvdiplom an detecti vendire cta & v determi nevdirect ionndevelopvdirect orn developme ntnd

29、irect oryn devot evdirt ya devotio nndisabi lityndiagramndisabl eda dia lvdisadvanta gendialogue(Am dialog) ndisagr eevdiamondndisagreeme ntn dia ryndisapp earv dictati onndisappoin tv diction aryndisappoin tedadievdisast ern die tndiscou ntn diff ervdiscourag ev differe ncendiscov erv differe ntadi

30、scove ryn difficu ltadiscrimina tionndifficu ltyndiscus sv dig(dug,d ug)vdiscussio nn diges tvdiseas en digit aladisgustin ga digni tyndishndisk=disc n dislike v dismiss v distance n distant a distinction n distinguish v distribute v district n disturb v disturbing a dive v diverse a divide v divisi

31、on n divorce v dizzy a do(did,done) v doctor n document n dog ndoll n dollar n donate v door ndormitory(dorm) ndotndoublea & ndoubtn & vdownprep & addownloadn & vdownstai rsaddowntownad,n & a doze nn Dr=docto rn draf tn & vdragv draw(drew,draw n)vdrawbackndrawern dream(dreamt,dre amt 或-ed,- ed)n & v

32、 dres sn & v dril ln & v drink(drank,dr unk)vdrive(drove,dr iven)vdriv erndropn & vdrugndrumndrun kadry v & a duckndueadulladumplingnduringprepduskndustn dustbi nn dust yadutynDVD=digital versatile disk nelec tv dynami caelectr ica dynast ynelectr icala electric itynEelectron icaeacha & pronelegan t

33、a eage raelepha ntn eagl enelsead ear ne- mailn & v earl ya & adembarras svearnvembass yn eart hnemergenc yn earthquak enempero rneasta,ad & nemployvEasternempt ya easter naencourag eveasyaencouragement n eat(ate,e aten)vend n & v ecolog ynendingnedgenendles sa editio nnenemyn edit ornenerge tica ed

34、ucat evenergyn education nenginen educat ornengine ern effe ctnenjo yveffo rtnenjoyabl eaeggnenlarg ev eggpla ntnenoughpron,a & ad eith era,conj & adenquir yn elde rnente rventerpr iseneverythi ngpron entertainm entneverywhe read enthusiast icaeviden cen enti reaeviden ta entran cenevolut ionn entr

35、ynexacta envelo penexam=examination n environmen tnexamin evenvyv & nexampl en equa la & vexcell enta equali tynexcep tprep equi pvexchan gen & v equipme ntnexcit ev eras ernexcus en & v erro rnexerci sen & v erup tvexhibiti onn esca pen & vexistv especia llyadexiste ncen essa ynexit nEuropenexpan d

36、v Europe ana & nexpec tv evalua tevexpectat ionnevenadexpens en evenin gnexpensiv ea even tnexperien cen eventua llyadexperime ntneveradexper tn ever yaexplai nv everybo dypronexplanat ionn everyd ayaexplic ita everyo nepronexplod evexplor evfantas ticaexportn & vfantas ynexposevfar(farther,f arthes

37、texpres sv & n或 further,furth est)a & ad expressi onnfar en extensio nnfar mn extr aafarme rn extraordina ryafas ta & ad extrem eafaste nveyenfatn & a eyesig htnfathe rn fau ltnFfavour(Am favor)nfacen & vfavourite(Am favorite) a & n faci alafaxn & vfactnfea rn factor ynfea stnfadevfeath ernfailv & n

38、feder ala failur enfeen fair 1afeed(fed,f ed)v fair 2nfeel(felt, felt)v fait hnfeeli ngn fall1(fell, fallen)vfello wnfall2(Am)=autumn nfemal ea & nfals eafencen famili arafer rynfamilynfestiv aln & afamousafet chvfannfev ern fanc yn,v & afewpron & afibre(Am fiber) nfla t2n fictio nnflee(fled,f led)v

39、 fie ldnfle shn fier ceaflexib lea fight(fought,f ought)n & vflig htn figu ren & vflo atv fil enflo odn & v fil lvflo orn fil mn & vflo urn fin alaflo wv financ enflow ern find(found,fou nd)vflun fin e1afluenc yn fin e2vflue ntafing ernfly1(flew,fl own)v fingerna ilnfly2n fini shv & nfocu sv & n fir

40、 en & vfogn firework snfogg ya firm 1nfol dv firm 2afol kn & a fis hn & vfoll owv fisherma nnfon da fis tnfoo dnfita & vfoo ln & vfixvfoolis ha fla gnfoot(pl feet) n flam enfootba lln flas hnforprep & conj flashlig htnforbid(forbade,forbi dden) v fla t1afor cevforeca stn & vfreque nta forehe adnfre

41、sha foreig nafricti onn foreign ernfridge=refriger ator n foresee(foresaw,for eseen)vfriendn fore stnfriend lya foreve radfriends hipn forget(forgot,forgot/forgott en) vfright env forget fulafro gn forgive(forgave,for given)vfro mprepforknfro nta & nformn & vfronti ernformatnfro stnformerafru itn fo

42、rtni ghtnfryv fortun ateafue ln fortun enful la forwar dadfunn & a fost ervfuncti onn & v foun dvfundamental a founta innfunera lnfoxnfunny a fragil eafurn fragra ntafurnish eda framewo rknfurnitu ren fran cnfuturenfreea freedo mnG freewa yngai nv freeze(froze,frozen ) vgaller yn freezi ngagallonnga

43、mengluen garag engo(went,gon e)vgarbage ngoaln garde nngoatn garl icngodngarmentngoldn & agasngoldenagatengolfn gathe rvgood(better,best ) agayagood sn gener ala & ngoose(pl geese)n generat ionngovernv generou sagovernmen tn gentl eagrad en gentlem anngradua la geograp hyngradua tev geometr yngradua

44、tio nn gestu rengrai nnget(got,got) vgramngiftngramma rn gift edagran da giraf fengrandchil dngirlngranddaught erngive(gave,given) vgrandma=grandmot herngladagrandpa=grandfat hern glanc evgrandpare ntsn glar evgrands onnglasngrannynsglob engrap en glor yngrap hn glov engras pvgras snhai rn gratefu l

45、ahaircu tn gravi tynhal fa & n grea ta & adhal ln greed yahamn gree na & nhamburg ern greengroc ernhammern gree tvhan dn & v greetin gnhandba gn grey(Am gray) ahandfu ln gril lnhandkerchi efn groce rnhandlen & vgrocerynhandsom ea groun dnhandwritin gn grou pnhandyagrow(grew,gro wn)vhang(hung,hung 或-

46、 ed,-ed) v growt hnhappenv guarant eevhappine ssn guar dnhappya gues svharbour(Am harbor) n gues tnhar dad & a guidanc enhardlyad guid enhardshi pn guil tyahardworkin ga guit arnhar mn & vgunnharmfu lagym=gymnasiumnharmonyn gymnastic snharves tn & vhatnHhat chv habi tnhat ev & nhave(has,had, had)vhi

47、de(hid,hidd en)vhepronhig ha & adheadn & vhighwaynheadachenhil ln headli nenhimpron headmast ernhimse lfpron headmistress nhir ev heal thnhispron health yahisto ryn hear(heard,he ard)vhit(hit ,hit)v & n hearin gnhobbyn hear tnhold(held,hel d) v hea tnhol enheavennholid ayn heav yahol ya hee lnhomen

48、& adheightnhomelan dn helicopt ernhometow nn hell oin thomewor knhelmetnhones ta hel pn & vhoneyn helpfu lahonour(Am honor)n & vhennhoo kn & vherpronhop en & v her bnhopef ula her eadhopeles saher onhorri blea her spro nhor sen hersel fpronhospi taln hesita tevhos tn & vhiin thoste ssnhotaident ityn hotdo gnidentific ationn hot elnidiomn hou rnifconj hous enignor ev housewi fenil la housewo rknilleg alahowa dillne ssn howeve rad & conjimagi nev how lvimmediate lya dhugvimmigrati onn hug eaimpor tv & n huma na & nimportan cen human beingnimportan ta humorou saimpossib leahumour(