2018届英语阅读理解,主旨大意.ppt
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1、阅读理解主要有以下几种题型阅读理解主要有以下几种题型:主旨大意题主旨大意题事实细节题事实细节题 词义猜测题词义猜测题推理判断题推理判断题Read some questions.Where can we possibly see these questions?1.The main idea of the passage is that _.2.What is the passage mainly about?3.Which of the following statements can best sum up the passage?4.Which of the following can s
2、ummarise the main idea of the passage?5.Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?6.The authors main purpose in writing this passage is to _.7.The first paragraph is mainly about _.8.What does the author tell us in Paragraph 1?9.What does the author mostly want to
3、 tell us in the last paragraph?Where can we possibly see these questions?1.The main idea of the passage is that _.2.What is the passage mainly about?3.Which of the following statements can best sum up the passage?4.Which of the following can summarise the main idea of the passage?5.Which of the foll
4、owing statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?6.The authors main purpose in writing this passage is to _.7.The first paragraph is mainly about _.8.What does the author tell us in Paragraph 1?9.What does the author mostly want to tell us in the last paragraph?What do these questions ha
5、ve in common?They are about _ of a passage/paragraph.the main idea1.The main idea of the passage is that _.2.What is the passage mainly about?3.Which of the following statements can best sum up the passage?4.Which of the following can summarise the main idea of the passage?5.Which of the following s
6、tatements best expresses the main idea of the passage?6.The authors main purpose in writing this passage is to _.7.The first paragraph is mainly about _.8.What does the author tell us in Paragraph 1?9.What does the author mostly want to tell us in the last paragraph?此类题此类题题干中常含有题干中常含有_sum up,summari
7、semain idea,mainly about,Read the following questions.1.The best title for the passage might be _.2.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?3.Which of the following titles best summarizes the main idea of the passage?They are about _.titles此类题题干中常有_title,headline,be entitled阅读理解
8、阅读理解(主旨大意题)(主旨大意题)主旨大意题包括:文章主旨文章主旨段落大意段落大意文章标题文章标题【主旨大意题解题策略】【主旨大意题解题策略】阅读时,文章的阅读时,文章的开头、结尾开头、结尾(或段落的(或段落的段首、段尾)特别重要,因为它们往往包含段首、段尾)特别重要,因为它们往往包含文章的中心议题。有时候,文章(或段落)文章的中心议题。有时候,文章(或段落)中没有明确的主题句,则需要我们根据所提中没有明确的主题句,则需要我们根据所提供的信息归纳出文章(或段落)的主旨大意。供的信息归纳出文章(或段落)的主旨大意。同时要注意提炼文章的同时要注意提炼文章的关键词关键词。此外,标题。此外,标题类题
9、目还要追求语言的生动和趣味性。类题目还要追求语言的生动和趣味性。【主旨大意题应考技巧】【主旨大意题应考技巧】技巧技巧1 1:速读头尾,速读头尾,明确主题明确主题技巧技巧4 4:同义概括,同义概括,或取其一或取其一技巧技巧2 2:定位中心句定位中心句技巧技巧3 3:无明显主题句时无明显主题句时找高频词找高频词技巧技巧1 1:速读头尾,明确主题速读头尾,明确主题 大多数文章的主旨可能出现在大多数文章的主旨可能出现在开头或结开头或结尾尾,于是头尾显得很重要。因此,做主旨大,于是头尾显得很重要。因此,做主旨大意题时,我们可以先浏览一下头尾,试图抓意题时,我们可以先浏览一下头尾,试图抓住大意。住大意。P
10、assage 1Passage 1Badnewssells.Ifitbleeds,itleads.Nonewsisgoodnews,andgoodnewsisnonews.Thosearetheclassicrulesfortheeveningbroadcastsandthemorningpapers.Butnowthatinformationisbeingspreadandmonitored(监控)indifferentways,researchersarediscoveringnewrules.Bytrackingpeoplesemailsandonlineposts,scientists
11、havefoundthatgoodnewscanspreadfasterandfartherthandisastersandsobstories.“Theifitbleedsruleworksformassmedia,”saysJonahBerger,ascholarattheUniversityofPennsylvania.“Theywantyoureyeballsanddontcarehowyourefeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdontwantthemtothinko
12、fyouasaDebbieDowner.”titleResearchersanalyzingwordofmouthcommunicationemails,Webpostsandreviews,facetofaceconversationsfoundthatittendedtobemorepositivethannegative(消极的),butthatdidntnecessarilymeanpeoplepreferredpositivenews.Waspositivenewssharedmoreoftensimplybecausepeopleexperiencedmoregoodthingst
13、hanbadthings?Totestforthatpossibility,Dr.Bergerlookedathowpeoplespreadaparticularsetofnewsstories:thousandsofarticlesonTheNewYorkTimeswebsite.HeandaPenncolleagueanalyzedthe“mostemailed”listforsixmonths.Oneofhisfirstfindingswasthatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremuchmorelikelytomakethelistthannonscien
14、cearticles.HefoundthatscienceamazedTimesreadersandmadethemwanttosharethispositivefeelingwithothers.Readersalsotendedtosharearticlesthatwereexcitingorfunny,orthatinspirednegativefeelingslikeangeroranxiety,butnotarticlesthatleftthemmerelysad.Theyneededtobearoused(激发)onewayortheother,andtheypreferredgo
15、odnewstobad.Themorepositiveanarticle,themorelikelyitwastobeshared,asDr.Bergerexplainsinhisnewbook,“Contagious:WhyThingsCatchOn.”What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Sad Stories Travel Far and WideB.Online News Attracts More PeopleC.Reading Habits Change with the TimesD.Good News Beats Bad on
16、Social NetworksPassage 1Passage 1Badnewssells.Ifitbleeds,itleads.Nonewsisgoodnews,andgoodnewsisnonews.Thosearetheclassicrulesfortheeveningbroadcastsandthemorningpapers.Butnowthatinformationisbeingspreadandmonitored(监控)indifferentways,researchersarediscoveringnewrules.Bytrackingpeoplesemailsandonline
17、posts,scientistshavefoundthatgoodnewscanspreadfasterandfartherthandisastersandsobstories.“Theifitbleedsruleworksformassmedia,”saysJonahBerger,ascholarattheUniversityofPennsylvania.“Theywantyoureyeballsanddontcarehowyourefeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdont
18、wantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.”Researchersanalyzingwordofmouthcommunicationemails,Webpostsandreviews,facetofaceconversationsfoundthatittendedtobemorepositivethannegative(消极的),butthatdidntnecessarilymeanpeoplepreferredpositivenews.Waspositivenewssharedmoreoftensimplybecausepeopleexperiencedmore
19、goodthingsthanbadthings?Totestforthatpossibility,Dr.Bergerlookedathowpeoplespreadaparticularsetofnewsstories:thousandsofarticlesonTheNewYorkTimeswebsite.HeandaPenncolleagueanalyzedthe“mostemailed”listforsixmonths.Oneofhisfirstfindingswasthatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremuchmorelikelytomakethelistt
20、hannonsciencearticles.HefoundthatscienceamazedTimesreadersandmadethemwanttosharethispositivefeelingwithothers.Readersalsotendedtosharearticlesthatwereexcitingorfunny,orthatinspirednegativefeelingslikeangeroranxiety,butnotarticlesthatleftthemmerelysad.Theyneededtobearoused(激发)onewayortheother,andthey
21、preferredgoodnewstobad.Themorepositiveanarticle,themorelikelyitwastobeshared,asDr.Bergerexplainsinhisnewbook,“Contagious:WhyThingsCatchOn.”What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Sad Stories Travel Far and WideB.Online News Attracts More PeopleC.Reading Habits Change with the TimesD.Good News Be
22、ats Bad on Social Networks主题句的位置往往由文章体裁所决定位置往往由文章体裁所决定。议论文议论文主要是论述作者的某个观点,往往采用“总分总”的模式,第一段提出论点,然后是论据部分,最后一段得出结论(论点的重申),所以主题句常在第一段或最后一段。说说明文明文则是说明一个事物的用途或制作过程,主题句一般在首段。而新闻报道新闻报道却是报道一个人物事迹或重大事件等,主题句常出现在首段首句。记叙文记叙文一般没有明显的主题句,需要根据文中叙述的内容和线索来概括文章大意,但是如果文章末段出现说理性的句子,则这个句子很可能是主题句。技巧技巧2 2:定位中心句:定位中心句以下是寻找主题
23、句的四个小窍门:1.段落中出现表示转折转折的词语(如however,but,infact,actually等)时,该句很可能是主题句。2.开头出现疑问句时,对该问题的回答回答很可能就是文章主旨。3.作者有意识地重复的观点重复的观点,通常是主旨;反复出反复出现的词语现的词语,一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。4.表示总结或结论总结或结论的句子常包含therefore,thus,inshort,conclude,conclusion等词。Passage 2 Passage 2 Awarmdrinkofmilkbeforebedhaslongbeenthebestchoiceforthosewanting
24、agoodnightssleep.Butnowastudyhasfounditreallydoeshelppeoplenodoffifitismilkedfromacowatnight.Researchershavediscoveredthat“nightmilk”containsmoremelatonin(褪黑激素),whichhasbeenproventohelppeoplefeelsleepyandreduceanxiety.Thestudy,byresearchersfromSeoul,SouthKorea,involvedmicebeingfedwithdriedmilkpowder
25、madefromcowsmilkedbothduringthedayandatnight.titleThosegivennightmilk,whichcontained10timestheamountofmelatonin,werelessactiveandlessanxiousthanthosefedwiththemilkcollectedduringdaytime,accordingtothestudypublishedinTheJournalofMedicinalFood.Nightmilkquickenedthestartofsleepandcausedthemicetosleeplo
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- 2018 英语 阅读 理解 主旨 大意
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