高中英语语法-被动语态详解课件(共38张PPT).ppt

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1、被动语态被动语态Warming upLove To Be Loved By You 是一首旋律优美的英文歌曲，演唱者是美国流行歌手马克特伦茨（Marc Terenzi）。2005年，Marc与德国歌手莎拉寇娜（Sarah Connor）结婚时，将这首歌作为爱的礼物献给妻子。Task 1 Fill the blank by the song Baby,tell me how can I tell you That I you more than life Show me how can I show you That Im by your light When you touch me I ca

2、n touch you To find out the dream is true I to be loved I need to be I to be by youloveblindedlovelovedlovelovedSummary:主动 or 被动？主动被动That I love you more than lifeThat Im blinded by your light I love to be loved I need to be lovedI love to be loved by you(一一一一)语语语语 态态态态 分分分分 类类类类(六六六六)总结：被动语态的时态、人称和

3、数的变化总结：被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化总结：被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化总结：被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化(四四四四)常见的八种时态中的被动语态常见的八种时态中的被动语态常见的八种时态中的被动语态常见的八种时态中的被动语态(五五)含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态：(二二二二)被被被被 动动动动 语语语语 态态态态 的的的的 使使使使 用用用用(三三三三)主动语态变被动语态的方法主动语态变被动语态的方法主动语态变被动语态的方法主动语态变被动语态的方法(一一)语语 态态 分分 类类 英英语语动动词词有有两两种种语语态态，主主动动语语态态和和被被动动语语态态。主主动动语语态态

4、表表示示主主语语是是动动作作的的执执行行者者，被被动动语语态态表表示示主语是动作的承受者。如：主语是动作的承受者。如：They will build a new bridge over the river.(主动主动)A new bridge will be built over the river.(被被动动)汉汉语语中中常常用用“被被”、“给给”、“由由”、“受受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词助动词be+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词构成。构成。被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主主要要体体现现在在be的的变变化化上上，其

5、其形形式式与与系系动动词词be的的变变化化形形式式完完全全一样。一样。一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：一般将来时：一般将来时：一般过去将来时：一般过去将来时：现在进行时：现在进行时：过去进行时：过去进行时：现在完成时：现在完成时：过去完成时：过去完成时：将来完成时：将来完成时：过去将来完成时：过去将来完成时：注被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。注被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。注被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。注被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。am/is/are+done was/were+done shall/will+be done shoul

6、d/would+be done am/is/are+being+done was/were+being+done have/has+been+done had+been+done shall/will+have been+done should/would+have been+done 常见的八种时态中的被动语态常见的八种时态中的被动语态1.一般现在时：一般现在时：(1)People grow rice in the south of the country.Rice is grown in the south of the country.(2)The school doesnt allow

7、 us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.If he_ enough time,he will come up with an idea.A.gives B.will give C.is given D.will be given.A new film is going to _ this Sunday.A.show B.showing C.be shown D.be showingsummarysummary主

8、动语态主动语态 S（主语）（主语）+v(动词动词)S(主语主语)+am/is/are+过去分词过去分词(done)一般现在时一般现在时(simple present)：Task 3 Group Work1 一般过去时：一般过去时：一般将来时一般将来时:情态动词情态动词:S+was/were+P.P.S+will+be+P.P.S+can/may/must/shoud+be+P.P.(三三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态常见的八种时态中的被动语态 2.一般过去时：一般过去时：(1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.

9、The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.(2)The students didnt forget his lessons easily.His lessons were not easily forgotten.(三三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态常见的八种时态中的被动语态3.一般将来时：一般将来时：(1)They will send cars abroad by sea.Cars will be sent abroad by sea.(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school

10、-leavers.Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.I promise that the matter will_.(NMET)A.be taden care B.be taken care of C.take care D.take care of析：析：take care of是固定短语，若无是固定短语，若无of则不可带宾语，则不可带宾语，只能跟只能跟that从句。所以此题答案为从句。所以此题答案为B。(三三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态常见的八种时态中的被动语态4.过去将来时：过去将来时：(1)The manager said t

11、hey would complete the project by the end of the year.The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.(2)The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.(三三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态常见的八种时态中的被动语态5.现在进行时：现

12、在进行时：(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons.English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.(2)We are painting the rooms.The rooms are being painted.Have you got the result of the last examination?Not yet.Weve been told that the papers _.A.are marked B.are being markedC.have been marked D.w

13、ere marked此题答案应为此题答案应为B。.We cant use the bridge now,because it _.A.has been repaired B.is repairing C.is repaired D.is being repaired(三三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态常见的八种时态中的被动语态6.过去进行时：过去进行时：(1)The workers were mending the road.The road was being mended.(2)This time last year we were planting trees here.Trees wer

14、e being planted here this time last year.(三三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态常见的八种时态中的被动语态7.现在完成时：现在完成时：(1)Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.(2)He has brought his book here.His book has been brought here.(三三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态常见的八种时态中的被动语态8.过去完成时：过去

15、完成时：(1)When I got to the theatre,I found they had already sold out the tickets.When I got to the theatre,I found the tickets had already been sold out.(2)The whole country was very sad at the news of his death;People had considered him to be a great leader.He had been considered to be a great leader

16、.A lot of new roads _ built in the west of China.A.must B.must be C.has D.have.His car _ tomorrow.A.will be repaired B.is repaired C.is being repaired D.has been repaired(四）四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词”构成。构成。(1)You must hand in your compositions

17、 after class.Your compositions must be handed in after class.(2)He can write a great many letters with the computer.A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.Ask and answer waterevery day at homemy grandmaA:When are the flowers watered?B:The flowers are watered every day.A:Where a

18、re the flowers watered?B:The flowers are watered at home.A:Who are the flowers watered by?B:The flowers are watered by my grandma.A:Are the flowers watered by my grandma at home every day?B:yes,they are.A:When are the flowers watered?B:The flowers are watered every day.A:Where are the flowers watere

19、d?B:The flowers are watered at home.A:Who are the flowers watered by?B:The flowers are watered by my grandma.A:When are the flowers watered?B:The flowers are watered every day.A:Where are the flowers watered?B:The flowers are watered at home.A:Are the flowers watered by my grandma at home every day?

20、B:yes,they are.A:Who are the flowers watered by?B:The flowers are watered by my grandma.A:When are the flowers watered?B:The flowers are watered every day.A:Where are the flowers watered?B:The flowers are watered at home.When WhereWhosweepon weekendsin the kitchenmy motherWhen where who(五五)主动语态变被动语态

21、的方法主动语态变被动语态的方法I bought a computer last term A computer was bought (by me)last term.宾宾(受动者受动者)主主谓谓A computer was bought (by me)last term.Task 4语态转换时所注意的问题语态转换时所注意的问题1.1.把把主主动动语语态态变变为为被被动动语语态态时时，其其谓谓语语动动词词的的时时态态要要与与原原句句时时态态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。We have bought a new computer.A ne

22、w computer has been bought.(正确正确)A new computer have been bought.(错误错误)2.2.含含有有双双宾宾语语的的主主动动句句变变被被动动句句时时，可可分分别别将将其其中中的的一一个个宾宾语语变变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.I was given a present on my birthday.如如果果把把直直接接宾宾语语(指指物物)改改为为主主语语，则则在在间间接接宾宾语语(指

23、指人人)前前加加适适当的介词，如上句还可以说：当的介词，如上句还可以说：A present was given to me yesterday.保留宾语保留宾语保留宾语保留宾语注注意意：1.一一般般在在下下列列动动词词后后，常常在在间间接接宾宾语语前前用用介介词词 to，如：如：bring,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,pay,promise,sell,show,take,teach,tell 等。等。(1)The book was showed to the class.(2)My bike was lent to her.2.一般一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词在下

24、列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 for,如：如：build,buy,cook,cut,choose,do,fetch,find,fix,get,keep,make,order,paint,play,sing 等。等。(1)A new skirt was made for me.(2)The meat was cooked for us.(3)Some country music was played for us.3.当当主主动动句句的的主主语语是是nobody,no one等等含含有有否否定定意意义义的的不不定定代代词词时时，被被动动句句中中将将其其变变为为anybody,作作by的宾语，并将谓

25、语动词变为否定的被动语态。如：的宾语，并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。如：Nobody can answer this question.误误：The question can be answered by nobody.正：正：The question can not be answered by anybody.6.并不是所有动词都有被动语态并不是所有动词都有被动语态 1)happen,take place,break out,belong to,cost,last等不及物动词或词组等不及物动词或词组无被动语态无被动语态。如：如：误误 Great changes have been tak

26、en place in China since 1978.正正 Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.2)open,break,drop等不强调动作发出者时常用等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。主动语态。如：如：误误 The door has been opened of itself.正正 The door has opened of itself.8.短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词 或副词。或副词。如：如：The SARS patients have been taken good care

27、of.9.一些特殊动词一些特殊动词,如如borrow,finish,begin,buy,start,return,marry,open,join等等 构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与 表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达 相应的意思，则需改换动词或时态。相应的意思，则需改换动词或时态。如：如：My brother has had(不能用不能用has bought)this bike for almost four years.How long has this book been bought?How long ago was thi

28、s book bought?10.10.在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示，例如：用被动结构来表示，例如：据说据说It is said that 据报导据报导It is reported that 据推测据推测It is supposed that 希望希望It is hoped that 众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 普遍认为普遍认为 It is generally considered that 有人建议有人建议 It is suggested that 1)It is reporte

29、d that it is going to rain tomorrow.2)It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.1.It is the first time that I have listened to her sing.2.Tomorrow is Christmas.3.Johns hair is falling out recently.4.These foreigners visited Guangzhou last spring.5.he has worked here for 20 years

30、.6.Have you been to the Moon?7.He changed his mind last Friday.8.He has changed his mind since last Friday.9.My chothes are wet while I am walking in the rain all the time.10.They had prepared everything before I came.Homework1.用被动语态列举学习英语的重要性，用被动语态列举学习英语的重要性，写写3个句子。个句子。e.g.English is used as an international language.2.课本课本P56练习练习3，翻译题，翻译题3.英语周报第英语周报第13期第期第4版版