大学英语教学资料-book4-unit5ga.ppt

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1、45AIR FORCE UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH PRESS Choose to Be Alone on PurposeUnit 5:Section A45A.The Way to Develop This TextA.The Way to Develop This TextI.Structure Analysis I.Structure Analysis Arguments+Narration+Examples+ComparisonThe text focuses on a social

2、phenomenon choosing to be alone on purpose.What people think of living alone,who prefers living alone,the life of the solitary people,and what the writer advises for living alone.Text StudyStructure Analysis45Narration123-1011-1314-16Ways of DevelopmentWays of DevelopmentParagraphsParagraphsText Stu

3、dyStructure AnalysisArguments+Examples+ComparisonArguments+ComparisonArguments+Narration+ExamplesArguments+Narration45Para.1 Living alone is a _ phenomenon in U.S.A.Para.2 People think of living alone as _ or _ _.Paras.310 _,and _ prefer living alone for inspiration.Paras.1113 The life of the solita

4、ry people and their need _.Paras.1416 The author advises people to _,_ and _.common sociala national disease a characteristic of American heroesPoetsphilosophersstay rationalsettle downmake themselves comfortableText StudyStructure AnalysisB.Complete the Main IdeasB.Complete the Main Ideasto talk45I

5、I.Question AnsweringII.Question Answering1.Why is loneliness a sort of national disease in the US?Because there are altogether 22 million of people living alone intheir rooms in the US.Text StudyUnderstanding452.Why do poets like solitude?Because they get inspiration from it,and they feel good about

6、 themselvesfor seeking it out.Text StudyUnderstanding453.What can be learned from Thoreaus choice of the solitary way of life?The more positive one is toward oneself,the less the need for staying with others.Text StudyUnderstanding454.Why is it important for a person living alone to talk to others?B

7、ecause it is a basic need of a solitary person.Text StudyUnderstanding455.Who may the person living in solitude talk to?They may call friends to tell them important things,or talk to himself,his pets,the television,or even tostrangers in the supermarket.Text StudyUnderstanding45Focus StudyFocus Stud

8、yNotes to the TextFocus Study 1.I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.Practice not/never so as 不如那么我从未发现比独处更好的伙伴。TranslationTranslation45 The unity of the masses with the party is stronger than ever.Ive heard the terrible noise once or twice before,but this one is louder.

9、Men are more peaceful,more graceful with each other than ever.Notes to the TextFocus Study Change the sentences with“Change the sentences with“not/never so asnot/never so as”Keys Keys 45 The unity of the masses with the party is never so strong as it is now.Ive heard the terrible noise once or twice

10、 before,but never so loud as this one.Men are never so peaceful,so graceful with each other as they are now.Notes to the TextFocus Study Key Key 45Notes to the TextFocus Study 2.It may not be where we expected to be,but for the time being we might as well call it home.Practice might as well do sth.不

11、妨;还是为好45 我们不妨一块儿去。你不妨给客户服务部打个电话谈谈这事。We might as well go together.You might as well phone the customer service department about it.Notes to the TextFocus Study TranslationTranslationKey Key 45Notes to the TextFocus Study 3.Its good for us,and a lot less embarrassing than the woman,which is why she bo

12、ught the powdered hot chocolate mix,though she never drinks it herself.Discussion 这没什么不妥，也对我们有好处，而且不像有些人那么令人尴尬：在超市付款处，排在前面的女人告诉收银员，她的侄女梅利莎星期六可能会来看她。梅莉莎非常喜欢热巧克力，所以她买了速溶热巧克力粉，虽然她自己从来不喝这东西。TranslationTranslation45Notes to the TextFocus Study Where is the woman?Who is telling the cashier about what?Why

13、did the woman buy the powdered hot chocolate mix?In front of us in line at the market.Shes telling the cashier that her niece Melissa may be coming to visit on Saturday,and Melissa is very fond of hot chocolateHer niece Melissa is very fond of hot chocolate.Tips Tips Discussion Discussion 451.tame v

14、t.to make sb.or sth.easy to controlA group of policemen were called out to tame the crowds.Words and ExpressionsWord Using 一队警察被叫来制服人群。TranslationTranslationKeyKeyI.Word UsingI.Word Using45 modity n.sth.that is useful or necessary必须加强打击假货的力度。Strong measures should be taken to crack down fake commodi

15、ties.Words and ExpressionsWord Using TranslationTranslationKeyKey453.creep vi.to move slowly and quietlyJohn would creep into the gallery to listen to the singers.Words and ExpressionsWord Using 约翰会悄悄溜进楼座去听歌手唱歌。TranslationTranslationKeyKey454.dictate v.to say sth.for sb.else to write downl Shes dict

16、ating a letter to her secretary right now.l The teacher dictated a passage to the class.l 她现在正在给秘书口述一封信。l 老师让班上的学生听写了一篇文章。Words and ExpressionsWord Using TranslationTranslationKeyKey454.dictate(sth.)to sb.v.to tell sb.exactly what to do or how to behaveWords and ExpressionsWord Using TranslationTran

17、slationKeyKeyl You cant dictate to people how they should live.l I refuse to be dictated to by him.l 不能强行规定人们应该怎样生活。l 我拒绝听从他的指使。455.humble a.not proud;low in rank my humble apology a humble scientist men of humble birtha humble occupation鄙人的道歉谦虚的科学家出身卑微的人低贱的职业Words and ExpressionsWord Using Collocat

18、ionCollocation456.apology n.a word or statement to say you are sorry for having done sth.wrong or for upsetting sb.demand an apologyaccept ones apologyowe sb.an apologymake an apology要求道歉接受某人的道歉应向某人道歉作出道歉Words and ExpressionsWord Using psychology biology sociology technology CollocationCollocation近形

19、词近形词45Words and ExpressionsWord Using dict,dic说，宣称说，宣称dictatedictationdictionaryconditionpredictindicateindicationcontradictcontradiction同根词同根词457.-proof protecting against the damaging effect of sth.else waterproof watches a bulletproof cara soundproof roomairproof pipes provide risk-proof services

20、防水手表防弹汽车隔音的房间密封的管道提供风险防范服务Words and ExpressionsWord Using CollocationCollocation458.observation n.the process of watching sb.or sth.carefully for a period of timea study based on detailed observation of a group of 20 patientsWords and ExpressionsWord Using 一项基于对一组20位患者详细观察的研究TranslationTranslationKe

21、yKey458.observation n.a spoken or written remark about sth.you have noticedId like to make a few observations about the current style of management.Words and ExpressionsWord Using 我想对当前的管理方式提出一些看法。TranslationTranslationKeyKey459.back up to support sb.,esp.in an argumentPeggy would back me upif she w

22、ere here.Words and ExpressionsWord Using 要是佩吉在这儿，她一定会支持我的说法。TranslationTranslationKeyKey4510.at length in great detail;at last 不要过分详尽地讨论这个项目。公共汽车终于来了，晚了四十分钟。Dont discuss the project at excessive length.At length the bus arrived,forty minutes late.Words and ExpressionsWord Using TranslationTranslatio

23、nKeyKey4511.settle down to become quiet and calm or make sb.do this自开学以来，希拉似乎已经安定多了。Sheila seems to have settled down more since school started.Words and ExpressionsWord Using TranslationTranslationKeyKey45II.Old to NewII.Old to Newalone;lonelypoems in generalnot great or importanthighest in rank/de

24、greefairnessstart a journeyblock up;supporthave a great liking for solitary poetry humble supreme justice set forth/out/off back up be fond ofWords and ExpressionsOld to New 45独自地根据最近的统计一种民族弊病另一方面冒险出去征服大自然 all by oneself by recent count a sort of national disease on the other hand venture out tame n

25、atureIII.Chinese to EnglishIII.Chinese to EnglishWords and ExpressionsC to E 45独处带来的灵感对给予高度评价穿上外衣独处高士装满熬夜 inspiration in solitude speak highly of put on ones coat high priest of solitude fill up stay up lateWords and ExpressionsC to E 45一口气地按自己的节奏摔倒在打滑的地板上每日不断发生的小小抱怨最高法院新来的法官极大的努力 at one sitting at

26、ones own pace fall on a slippery floor the daily succession of small complaints a new Supreme Court justice supreme effortWords and ExpressionsC to E 45与某人争论某事花样滑冰选手保持理性安静下来；定居以自我为中心的暂时 argue with sb.over sth.figure skater stay rational settle down self-centered for the time beingWords and Expressio

27、nsC to E 45DebateDebate Young couples and their parentsshould live separatelyYoung couples and their parentsshould live togetherIdea sharing Structured WritingStructured Writing Practical WritingPractical Writing45One of the writing techniques to develop the main ideas is making comparison and contr

28、ast.I.Structured WritingI.Structured WritingSampleStructured Writing 45Expressions for Comparison&ContrastExpressions for Comparison&Contrast b e si m i la r to;si m i la r ly;lik ewi s e;b ot h;in the same way;resemble;just as;compared with;like;too d i ffe r from;b e d i ffe r ent from;u nl ik e;i

29、n contrast to;on the other hand;on the contrary;by/in contrast;however;otherwise;nevertheless;but;while;whereas;yet;although;than;rather thanStructured Writing 45Complete the following sentences:Complete the following sentences:1._ to living on the farm,living in the city is an intense struggle to s

30、urvive in a concrete wasteland.2.Before 1880 many people died of smallpox;_,the percentage of deaths from smallpox is small today.3.The development of transportation and the development of communications _ in many ways.4.There is _ hard work in writing than in physical labor.In contrast howeverare s

31、imilarmoreStructured Writing 45Paragraph and Essay Despite their obvious differences in length,the paragraph and the essay are quite similar structurally.For example,the paragraph is introduced by either a topic sentence or a topic introducer followed by a topic sentence.In the essay the first parag

32、raph provides introductory material and establishes the topic sentence.SampleSample 1 1Structured Writing 45Similarly,the body of an essay consists of a number of paragraphs that expand and support the ideas presented in the introductory paragraph.Finally,a terminatorwhether a restatement,conclusion

33、,or observationends the paragraph.The essay,too,has a device which brings its ideas to a logically and psychologically satisfying completion:the concluding paragraph.Although exceptions to these generalizations may be observed in modern creative writing,most well-written expository paragraphs and es

34、says are comparable in structure.Structured Writing 45Sample 2Sample 2Ways of manners are different between America and Japan.For example,Americans eat with knives and forks;Japanese people eat with chopsticks.Another example is that Americans say“Hi”when they meet,while Japanese bow.Besides,many Am

35、ericans open doors for women;Japanese men do not.On the surface,it appears that good manners in America are not good manners in Japan.In fact,thats just the different ways of expressing kindness.Structured Writing 45 Railways and Automobile Roads Some people say that railways are more important than

36、 automobile roads.But in my opinion,automobile roads and railways complement each other.Railways do not touch small places,while automobile roads can be constructed to reach every place,even villages situated in remote corners of the country.SampleSampleStructured Writing 45Railways are constructed

37、only for the trains,but roads will prove equally useful for bicycles,carriages and other kinds of vehicles.The cost of building automobile roads is also such lower than that of building railways.Structured Writing 45To Section BThe End of Section A451.vibrate vi.to shake slightly and quickly 我们能感觉到地

38、板随音乐的节拍而颤动。We can feel the floor vibratingto the beat of the music.TranslationTranslationKeyKeyWords and ExpressionsWord Usingliberate近形词近形词452.stale a.no longer interesting or exciting (of food)no longer fresh and often tasting or smelling unpleasant 变味觉得乏味老掉牙的笑话赶走浑浊的空气 go staleget stalethe same st

39、ale old jokesget rid of the stale airCollocationCollocationWords and ExpressionsWord Using453.depression n.the state of feeling sad and without hope a period in which there is very little business activity and not many jobs抑郁得不能自己患有严重的抑郁症极度消沉多年的经济萧条 be overcome by depressionsuffer from acute depress

40、ionfall into a deep depressionthe long years of economic depression CollocationCollocationWords and ExpressionsWord Using45我们浑身是泥地走进来时，她惊呼道：“瞧瞧你们这样子！”“Look at you!”she exclaimed when we came in,all in mud.TranslationTranslationKeyKeyWords and ExpressionsWord Using4.exclaim v.to say sth.suddenly and

41、loudly because of surprise,tear,pleasure,etc.455.mess n.a dirty or untidy state把厨房搞得乱七八糟收拾一下这脏乱的地方使公司成了一个烂摊子把经济搞得如此糟糕make a mess in the kitchenclean up this messleave the company in a messmake such a mess of the economyCollocationCollocationWords and ExpressionsWord Using456.odds n.(pl.)the chances

42、that sth.will or will not happen现在就投资吧预算完成后股价可能会上涨。Invest nowthe odds are that the share prices will rise after the budget.TranslationTranslationKeyKeyWords and ExpressionsWord Using45.against all(the)odds in spite of the difficulties that would make sth.impossible尽管非常困难，赛车手劳德在严重受伤的情况下痊愈了。Against all the odds,racing driver Lauda recovered from his terrible injuries.TranslationTranslationKeyKeyWords and ExpressionsWord Using