新《试卷》2017英语二考研英语真题18.doc

《新《试卷》2017英语二考研英语真题18.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《新《试卷》2017英语二考研英语真题18.doc（10页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语二试题Section Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work. Today is no different, with academics, writers, and

2、activists once again 1 that technology is replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 : A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the futu

3、re will be a wasteland of a different sort, one 4 by purposelessness：Without jobs to give their lives 5 , people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 , todays unemployed dont seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least

4、a year report having depression, double the rate for 7 Americans. Also, some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addiction 9 poorly-educated, middle-aged people is a shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of

5、a jobless future.But it doesnt 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 striki

6、ngly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,” says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days, because leisure time

7、 is relatively 16 for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard days work, I often feel 18 ,” Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I dont have to work, I might feel rather different”perhaps differen

8、t enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1.A boasting B denying C warning D ensuring2.A inequality B instability C unreliability D uncertainty3.A policy Bguideline C resolution D prediction4.A characterized Bdivided C balanced Dmeas

9、ured5.A wisdom B meaning C glory D freedom6.A Instead B Indeed C ThusD Nevertheless7.A rich B urban Cworking D educated8.A explanation B requirement C compensation D substitute9.A under B beyondC alongside D among10.A leave behind B make up C worry about D set aside11.A statistically B occasionallyC

10、 necessarily D economically12.A chances B downsidesC benefits D principles13.A absence B height C face D course14.A disturb B restore C exclude D yield15.A model B practice C virtue D hardship16.A tricky B lengthyC mysterious D scarce17.A demands B standardsC qualities D threats18.A ignored B tiredC

11、 confused D starved19.A off B against C behind D into20.A technological B professionalC educational D interpersonalSection Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40

12、points)Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four yea

13、rs old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeleys world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where Londons Olympic “legacy” is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledg

14、ed that the great legacy of the Games would be to lever a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run-up to 2012but the genera

15、l population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 fa

16、iled to “inspire a generation.” The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkrun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympi

17、c bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sport and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundam

18、entally “grassroots” concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goodsmaking sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these ac

19、tivities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at

20、least not make them worse.21. According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has_.A created many jobs B gained great popularity C become an official festival D strengthened community ties 22. The author believes that Londons Olympic legacy has failed to_.A boost population growthB improve the citys image C increa

21、se sport hours in schools D promote sport participation23. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it_.A aims at discovering talentsB focuses on mass competitionC does not emphasize elitismD does not attract first-timers24. With regard to mass sports, the author holds that governments should

22、_.A increase funds for sports clubsB invest in public sports facilitiesC organize grassroots sports eventsD supervise local sports associations25. The authors attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is_.A criticalB tolerantC uncertainD sympatheticText 2With so much focus on childrens us

23、e of screens, its easy for parents to forget about their own screen use.“Techis designed to really suck you in,” says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement.It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot ofbleed-over into the fami

24、ly routine.” Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving motherchild pairs a food-testing exercise.She found that mothers who used devices during the exercise started 20 per cent fewer verbal and 39 per cent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.During

25、a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family.Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bidsfor their attention. Infants are wired to look at parents faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank

26、and unresponsiveas they often are when absorbed in a deviceit can be extremely disconcerting forthe children.Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s.In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a

27、 blank expression and notgiving them any visual social feedback: The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mothers attention.“Parents dont have to be exquisitely presentat all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a chil

28、ds verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,” says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids use of screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting” with their children: “Its based on a somew

29、hat fantasised, very white, very upper-middle-classideology that says if youre failingto expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.”Tronick believes that just because a child isnt learning from the screen doesnt mean theres no value to itparticularly if it gives parents time to have

30、a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child.Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way.This can make them feel happier, which lets thembe more availableto their child the rest of the time.26. According to Jenny R

31、adesky, digital products are designed to_.A absorb user attentionB increase work efficiencyC simplify routine mattersD better interpersonal relations27. Radeskysfood-testing exercise shows that mothers use of devices_.A takes away babies appetiteB distracts childrens attentionC slows down babies ver

32、bal developmentD reduces mother-child communication28. Radesky cites the “still face experiment” to show that_.A it is easy for children to get used to blank expressionsB verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchangeC parents need to respond to childrens emotional needsD children are ins

33、ensitive to changes in their parents mood29. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_.A protect kids from exposure to wild fantasiesB teach their kids at least 30,000 words a yearC remain concerned about kids use of screens D ensureconstant interaction with their children30.

34、 According to Tronick, kids use of screens may_.A make their parents more creativeB give their parents some free timeC help them with their homeworkD help them become more attentiveText 3Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations

35、 in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesnt it? And after going to school for 12 years, it doesnt feel natural to spend a year do

36、ing something that isnt academic.But while this may be true, its not a good enough reason to condemn gap years. Theres always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated “race to the finish line,” whether that be toward graduate school, medical school or a lucrative c

37、areer. But despite common misconceptions, a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuitsin fact, it probably enhances it.Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do

38、not. Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changesall things that first-year students often struggle with the most. Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and

39、being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders.If youre not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests, then consider its financial impact on future academic choices. According to the Na

40、tional Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once. This isnt surprising, considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of the vast academic possibilities that await them in colle

41、ge. Many students find themselves listing one major on their college applications, but switching to another after taking college classes. Its not necessarily a bad thing, but depending on the school, it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game. At Boston College, for exa

42、mple, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department. Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.31. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that_.A they thi

43、nk it academically misleadingB they have a lot of fun to expect in collegeC it feels strange to do differently from othersD it seems worthless to take off-campus courses32. Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps_.A relieve freshmen of pressuresB lower risks in choosing

44、careersC ease freshmens financial burdensD keep students from being unrealistic33. The word “acclimation” (Para. 3) is closest in meaning to _.A motivationB applicationC competitionD adaptation34. A gap year may save money for students by helping them_.A switch to another collegeB decide on the righ

45、t majorC avoid academic failuresD establish long-term goals35. The most suitable title for this text would be_.A In Favor of the Gap YearB The ABCs of the Gap YearC The Gap Year Comes BackD The Gap Year: A DilemmaText 4Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of wildfires is a national co