GSMA-2021年移动钱包行业报告（英文）-2021.03正式版.doc

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1、State of the Industry Report on Mobile Money2021Copyright 2021 GSM AssociationMobile MoneyThe GSMA represents the interests of mobile operators worldwide, uniting more than 750 operators with almost 400 companies in the broader mobile ecosystem, including handset and device makers, software companie

2、s, equipment providers and internet companies, as well as organisations in adjacent industry sectors. The GSMA also produces the industry-leading MWC events held annually in Barcelona, Africa, Los Angeles and Shanghai, as well as the Thrive Series of regional conferences.For more information, please

3、 visit the GSMA corporate website at Follow the GSMA on Twitter: GSMAThe GSMAs Mobile Money programme works to accelerate the development of the mobile money ecosystem for the underserved.For more information, please contact us:Web: Twitter: GSMAMobileMoneyEmail: mobilemoneyAuthorsSimon K. Andersson

4、-ManjangNika NaghaviThe State of the Industry Report on Mobile Money 2021 was prepared by the data team of the GSMA Mobile Money programme. The team is led by Simon K. Andersson-Manjang and comprised Tapiwa Jakachira, Kavita Tailor and Julian Hoffmann and supported by Emily Norman and Olu Omobitan.G

5、SMA Mobile for Development (M4D) ContributorsBelinda Baah, Kennedy Kipkemboi, Dominica Lindsey, Brian Muthiora, Anant Nautiyal, Viji Pathy, Bart-Jan Pors, Daniele Tricarico and Zach WhiteThe State of the Industry Report on Mobile Money 2021 is based on data collected from the Global Adoption Survey

6、2020.The title of the report has been updated to reflect the launch date.For more content and data,visit THE MOBILE MONEY PROGRAMME IS SUPPORTED BY THE BILL & MELINDA GATES FOUNDATION.State of the Industry Report on Mobile Money 2021ForewordWhen the COVID-19 pandemic took hold in early 2020, it quic

7、kly became clear that mobile technology, and mobile money in particular, would have an outsized role to play in keeping people connected, delivering vital financial support and providing safe, no-contact ways to pay for food, electricity and other life essentials. With more than $2 billion being tra

8、nsacted every day, mobile money became a part of a new daily routine for millions around the world.While COVID-19 affected us all, it did not do so equally. Those hit hardest were already the most vulnerable living in poverty, affected by crisis and financially excluded. COVID-19 magnified these dis

9、parities, creating new development challenges and exacerbating existing ones. With over 1.2 billion registered accounts and 300 million monthly active accounts, mobile money providers became an integral part of the national COVID-19 response in many markets, offering a secure and ready channel to di

10、sburse pandemic relief payments to the public quickly, securely and efficiently.Many of the socio-economic and development challenges arising from the pandemic are being tackled with mobile money tools, and the GSMA is providing support through a variety of initiatives and partnerships.In line with

11、GSMAs efforts to encourage ecosystem development and enable inclusive and interconnected mobile financial infrastructures, the GSMA launched the Interoperability Test Platform, the first end-to-end lab environment of its kind for industry participants to test in an interoperable ecosystem. The Mobil

12、e Money Certification is continuing to provide a comprehensive AML/ CFT and fraud risk management and consumer protection framework, with certified providers reaching over 210 million accounts.In the humanitarian sector, the shift from in-kind aid to cash and voucher assistance (CVA) picked up speed

13、 as humanitarian assistance had tobe delivered rapidly and safely to more people than ever before. In 2020, the GSMA expanded a partnership with the World Food Programme (WFP) to improve CVA for those affected by crisis.With 5.2 billion mobile users worldwide, the mobile industry has the reach and i

14、nnovation it will take to deepen financial inclusion and build more equitable societies. The GSMA remains committed to achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and our Innovation Funds are helping digital pioneers deliver clean energy solutions, vital health information, life-changing

15、tools for farmers and opportunities for women to participate as equal partners in a digital society.This years State of the Industry report explores how the mobile money industry has embraced disruption and built resilience over the past year. The solutions that emerged and the growth that occurred

16、despite the pandemic are a testament to the industrys strong partnerships. These relationships enabled mobile money providers to move quickly, sustain their operations and contribute to more robust local economies and communities.We are delighted to share the 2021 State of the Industry Report on Mob

17、ile Money, which is prepared in collaboration with the mobile money industry, and produced with the generous support of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.Mats GranrydDirector General, GSMAForeword1State of the Industry Report on Mobile Money 20212State of the Industry Report on Mobile Money 2021Co

18、ntentsExecutive Summary4Mobile money in 2020 and beyond: embracing disruption and building resilience11Steady adoption on all fronts14Active accounts and “financial demarginalisation”17Transaction values continue to grow20COVID-19 regulatory responses and policy interventions24Maintaining liquidity

19、in a crisis27Mobile money in 2020 and beyond: adapting and thriving in a new mobile money31landscapeMerchant payments32Bulk payments34International remittances36Interoperability38The effect of COVID-19 on mobile money economics41How mobile money-enabled adjacent services can foster financial resilie

20、nce43Mobile money in 2020 and beyond: meeting the socio-economic challenges of53COVID-19Adapting to a new reality and redefining humanitarian assistance53Increasing access to essential utility services56Expanding womens access to financial services61Boosting financial inclusion for smallholder farme

21、rs through agricultural63enterprise toolsConclusion67Appendix683State of the Industry Report on Mobile Money 2021Executive SummaryIn a year of global upheaval, mobile money provided a financial lifeline2020 was a year like no other. In every region of the world, COVID-19 triggered a mix of responses

22、, from school and workplace closures to restrictions on movement to complete lockdown. All at once, handling cash, paying for daily essentials and conducting business in person became risky, and more people than ever turned to mobile money as a safer option.For mobile money providers, the pandemic c

23、reated a more complex operating environment. With consumer spending down and transaction feeswaived, providers found it difficult to reap the commercial benefits of higher mobile money usage and a widespread shift from cash to digital. However, the industry proved resilient as providers did their ut

24、most to keep economies going and provide an essential service to people in need.The State of the Industry report looks at what this year of upheaval has meant for mobile money providers, agent networks and the millions of new and existing customers that embraced mobile money in 2020 as a safe and se

25、cure financial lifeline.The report examines the major industry trends in 2020.More accounts, more activityIn 2020, the number of registered accounts grew by 12.7 per cent globally to 1.21 billion accounts double the forecasted growth rate. Apart from changes in consumer behaviour, this impressive up

26、take was due to regulators implementing more flexible Know Your Customer (KYC) processes and relaxing on-boarding requirements to make it easier to open an account. The fastest growth was in regions where governments provided significant pandemic relief to citizens.Account activity grew at an even f

27、aster rate. There are now over 300 million monthly active mobile money accounts. Not only are customers using their accounts more frequently, but they are using them for new and more advanced use cases. This suggests that more and more people are moving awayfrom the margins of financial systems and

28、leading increasingly digital lives.Transaction values also grew across the board as more money circulated and was cashed-in and cashed-out than ever before. For the first time, the global value of daily transactions exceeded $2 billion dollars, and is expected to surpass $3 billion a day by the end

29、of 2022.Stronger partnerships are accelerating the shift to digitalTo minimise the human and financial toll of the pandemic and keep economies afloat, national governments distributed unprecedented monetary and fiscal support to individuals and businesses. The value of government-to-person (G2P) pay

30、ments quadrupled during the pandemic as the mobile money industry worked hand in hand with governments and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) to distribute social and humanitarian payments quickly, securely and efficiently to those in need. As remote operations become more important, collaboratio

31、n with lenders and insurance providers are also expected to increase.Agent networks are an essential serviceAgent networks have always been a core part of the mobile money industry, but during the pandemic they proved critical. As demand rose for non-physical payments, some regulators declared mobil

32、e money agents an essential service. Through the pandemic, mobile money providers invested in keeping agent networks open and safe by providing handwashing stations and personal protective equipment (PPE) to agent outlets.4Executive SummaryState of the Industry Report on Mobile Money 2021Internation

33、al remittances scaled up significantlyInternational remittances processed via mobile money increased by 65 per cent in 2020. For the first time, over $1 billion is being sent and received every month. Despite fears that remittances would decline as people around the world suffered job losses and inc

34、ome cuts, it seems clear that diasporas around the world continued to use mobile money to come to the aid of those back home.Merchant payments have taken a leap forwardAs more consumers became uncomfortable handling cash, many turned to mobile money to purchase food, clothing and other essential pro

35、ducts and services. This undoubtedly contributed to an uptick in merchant payments. The value of mobile money merchant payments grew by 43 per cent compared to 28 per cent in the previous year. On average, $2.3 billion in merchant payments were transacted per month in 2020, and QR codes became the s

36、econd-most offered channel for merchant payments after USSD.Interoperability is bringing more people into the formal economyOver the past five years, the value of transactions between mobile money platforms and banks grew fourfold, reaching $68 billion in 2020, up from just $15 billion in 2015. Duri

37、ng this period, the amount of money flowing between the two systemshas remained in close balance, highlighting the complementary relationship between banks and mobile money services.The regulatory landscape is shiftingRegulatory responses to COVID-19 differed significantly between countries. In mark

38、ets where streamlining and digitising KYC processes had stalled, the pandemic has given fresh urgency to regulatory change. In many markets, transaction limits were increased to allow more funds to flow through mobile money, directly reducing the need for day-to-day cash transactions. The report wil

39、l also look at the impact of fee waivers on core revenues, which, if prolonged, could pose a severe threat to the sustainability of the industry.As always, the State of theIndustry report is a snapshotof a year in the mobilemoney industry. In a year ofunexpected and sweepingchange, the challenges an

40、dstrategies were different, butthe focus remains the same:an inclusive digitalfuture for all.Executive Summary5State of the Industry Report on Mobile Money 2021MOBILE MONEY IN 2020Over1.2bn$2bnprocessed dailyregistered mobileby the mobilemoney accountsmoney industry300 million 17%increasemonthly act

41、ive accountsyear-on-year5.2mMore thanunique agent$1bnoutlets globallyinternational remittancesprocessed per month31065% year-on-yearincreasemobile money$500mdeploymentsare live in 96 countriesdigitised per dayby agents globally6State of the Industry Report on Mobile Money 20212020 GLOBAL OVERVIEWREG

42、ISTEREDACTIVE 30-DAYTRANSACTIONTRANSACTIONREGISTEREDACTIVEACCOUNTSACCOUNTSVOLUMEVALUE (US$)AGENTSAGENTS1.2bn300m41bn767bn9.1m4.8m13%17%15%22%14%18%MONTHLY VALUE SNAPSHOTDecember 202012% Digital in24% Cash-in19% Cash-out33% Circulating12% Digital out$70bnDec 2020 1% Incoming international remittances

43、6% Bulk disbursements5% Bank-to-mobile transactions5% Bill payments4% Mobile-to-bank payments1% Airtime top-up1% P2P off-net payments1% Outgoing international remittances4% Merchant payments29% Person-to-person transfers7State of the Industry Report on Mobile Money 2021REGIONAL GROWTH IN 2020LIVEREG

44、ISTEREDACTIVETRANSACTIONTRANSACTIONSERVICESACCOUNTSACCOUNTSVOLUMEVALUE (US$)GLOBAL3101.2bn300m41.4bn767bn13%17%15%22%EAST ASIA49243m52m5.4bn111bnAND PACIFIC24%20%26%34%EUROPE AND921m4m234m4.0bnCENTRAL ASIA6%11%15%13%LATIN AMERICA AND3039m16m701m19.8bnTHE CARIBBEAN38%67%35%30%MIDDLE EAST AND2956m3m146m10.5bnNORTH AFRICA9%35%-63%26%SOUTH