高中英语Unit1Livingwell同步详解新人教版选修.pdf

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1、 Unit 1 Living well【目标要览】类别 新课程标准要求掌握的项目 单词 ：ambition n.雄心，野心 suitable adj.适合的；适宜的 beneficial adj.有益的；受益的 adapt vt.使适应；改编 annoy vt.使不悦；惹恼 resign vi.&vt.辞职；辞去 congratulate vt.祝贺；庆贺 adequate adj.足够的；充分的 access n.方法；通路；可接近性：disability n.伤残；无力 disabled adj.伤残的 eyesight n.视力ambitious adj.有雄心的；有野心的 fellow

2、 adj.同伴的；同类的n.同伴；同志；伙伴 firm n.公司 adj.结实的；坚固的；坚定的 encouragement n.鼓励；奖励 companion n.同伴；伙伴；assistance n.协助；援助 ：.听力；听觉 dictation n.口授；听写noisy adj.吵闹的；嘈杂的 entry n.项目；进入；入口 clumsy adj.笨拙的 tank n.(盛液体，气体的)大容器；缸；大桶 abolish vt.废除；废止 literature n.文学；著作；文献 approval n.赞成；认可 dignity n.尊严；高贵的品质 短语：in other words

3、 换句话说out of breath 上气不接下气 adapt to 适合 cut out 切去；省略；停止 as well as 和；也 meet with 遇到；经历；会晤：all in all 总而言之sit around 闲坐着make fun of 取笑 in many ways 在很多方面 never mind 不必担心 ：all the best(口语)(祝你)一切顺利 句型：1.She is proud to part in competitions and to a record by running two laps(800 metres)this year.2.As we

4、ll as going to the movies and football matches with my friends,I spend a lot of time with my pets.：Sometimes,too,I was too weak to go to school so my education suffered.：In fact,I used to dream about one day being a famous football player and representing my country in the World Cup.语法 Infinitive（不定

5、式）：1.It is very difficult to know what the future will be like.（作主语）2.they dont know suffered.(作结果状语)学 习策略 英语完形填空技巧（一）：如何做语境化选择题 芝 麻 开 门 也许你我的身边就生活着残疾人。更多时候他们需要的不是我们的资助，而是一个尊重的眼神，一个善意的微笑，一个友好的手势，一句亲切的话语。或许你觉得这些微不足道，但是要相信：每个人迈出一小步，整个社会就前进一大步。教 材 知 识 全 解 Warming-up 知识详解 英汉互译 Rosalyn loves sports.She i

6、s proud to part in competitions and to a record by running two laps(800 metres)this year.Her ambition is to become part of the national team for the next Paralympic Games.Richard to give shes free,she goes to the movies because the sound is always very loud.Although some may think the cinema is nois

7、y,it is suitable for Sallys condition.Gao Qiang loves acting.Last year the school play.Now is to become an actor.He takes singing and dancing lessons after school.罗沙琳喜欢体育。她自豪的是今年参加了比赛，并以跑了两圈（800 米）打破了记录。她的志向是成为为下一届为脊髓病患者举行的运动会国家队的一员。理查德刚刚通过了他的大学入学考试。别人给他读着问题，使用口述把答案输入一个特殊的机器。他希望成为一名老师。萨利过着繁忙的生活。她喜欢写

8、故事、打篮球。有空的时候，她去看电影，因为那里的声音非常大。尽管有人也许觉得电影院太吵了，但是这适合萨利的情况。郭强喜欢表演。去年他在学校的戏剧中演了重要的角色。现在他的志向是成为一名演员。放学后他上唱歌、舞蹈课。1.Do you know anyone with a mental or physical disability?你认识有精神或身体残疾的人吗？【文化导读】残疾人是指在心理、生理、人体结构上，某种组织、功能丧失或者不正常，全部或者部分丧失以正常方式从事某种活动能力的人。这就是残疾人的定义。这个定义包括两层意思：第一层意思是在心理、生理、人体结构上存在残缺或损伤；第二层意思是指全部或

9、部分丧失以正常方式从事某种活动的能力，也就是说不能完全像健全人那样以正常方式从事活动。联合国调查，残疾人占世界人口110，直接受残疾人影响的人口占14。这两个数字在我国推算起来就是 1 亿和2.5 亿。【词汇新解】disability n.无能力；失去能力；伤残 He gets a disability pension from the Government because of a fire accident.他在一次火灾事故中因残废而得到政府的伤残抚恤金。归纳小结 复数形式是disabilities disable vt.使残废；使丧失能力 disabled adj.残疾的 enable

10、vt.使能够；授予权力或方法 即学即用 完成句子 She gets a pension from the government because of a fire accident.问：这个地方我们用disability 的单数还是复数形式？答：都可以。如果表达一种残废，可以用单数；如果表达多处残废则用复数。答案：disabilities 即学即用 I found _impossible for _to work out the maths problem.A.it;though they each.他希望尽快达到所有目标。【归纳拓展】achievement n.成就；功绩【句型新解】even

11、 though 引导让步状语从句，等于even if。Even though.即使他住得远离父母，他设法不时地去看望他们。They finally finished the take,even though they were short of money and materials.即使 缺少钱与材料，他们最后把任务完成了。even if 引导让步状语从句时，如果主语与主句的主语相一致，谓语含有动词be，可以省略主语和动词be。Will you go to though invited to.你要参加他的生日聚会吗？不，即使受到邀请也不去。（词语辨析）even though 引导让步状语从句

12、，意思是“即使，即便是”。Even though we said sorry to and again,she wouldnt forgive us.即使我们一次次向她道歉，她也不肯原谅我们。as though 引导的是方式状语从句，意思是“似乎，就像”。He talked about the life in New York as though(if)living there for many years.他谈起美国的生活，就像他在那里生活了许多年。短语链接 never even 连也不 or even 乃至，以至 even as 正当的时候；恰在的时候 even now 甚至现在还；尽管这

13、样 even so 尽管如此,尽管这样 even then 甚至那个时候，尽管那样 There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely,_ she was only a child.A.ever since B.now that C.even though D.even as 问：如何掌握even though 的用法？答：even though 的用法等于even if 意思是“即使”。本句的意思是“即使她仅仅是个孩子，Mary 从不感到寂寞。”答案：C 即学即用 He claimed _ in the supermarket when badl

14、y treated 问：claim 后跟动词不定式还是动名词？这里用什么时态？答：由句中claimed 可知不定式发生的动作在谓语动作之前，故应该用不定式的完成式。答案：D【词汇新解】take part in take part in 参加比赛、活动，后者指正式或大型群众性活动。Almost all the teams of our school took part in the basketball match.几乎所有我校球队都参加了篮球比赛。We will take part in social activities during summer vacation.我们暑假期间将参加社会活

15、动。（词语辨析）join in+activities(相 当 于take part in)或 join sb.in+activities.指和他人一起参加活动、比赛等。I didnt join them in writing that book.我没有参编那本书。All of us joined in the English speech competition.我们都参加了英语演讲比赛。take part in take part in 强调参与性，特别是有众多人参加的活动，含在活动中起一定作用，负有责任之意。Millions of workers took part in(=joined

16、in)the strike revolutionary movement fighting 数以百万计的工人参加了罢工革命运动斗争。He took an active part in(joined actively in)international academic exchanges.他积极参加国 际学术交流活动。Well take part in social activities during summer vacation.这个暑假我们将参加社会活动。attend“参加”是正式用语，指出席会议，参加婚礼，典礼等，又可指上学，上课，听报告。He was invited to attend

17、 Marys wedding ceremony.他被邀请参加玛丽的婚礼。join 可表示参加一个组织或成为其中一员或与人为伴，和某人一起做某事，而take part in 则不这样用。He joined the army League Part club students union.他参军入团入党参加俱乐部学生会。Please join us my family Mary.和我们家人玛丽作伴。即学即用 The UN should the establishment of Iraqi government after the war,I think.A.take part in B.play

18、a leading role in C.play a role among D.play a important part for 问：本句是什么意思？答：本句表示的意思应该是：联合国应该在伊拉克政府重建上起领导作用。play a role in 为固定搭配意为“在中起作用。”答案：B【知识新解】condition n.1)身心状态；健康状态(一般是单数形式)The condition of working conditions in Africa.我们对非洲的工作环境感兴趣。短语链接 表示“在情况或环境下”，通常用介词 in,under。如：in under war conditions 在

19、战争环境中 in under favourable conditions 在有利形势下(from)on upon condition that从句，表示“如果”、“只要”、“在条件下”。如：Ill come on condition(that)she is invited too.如果她也受到邀请，那我就来。He can use the bicycle upon condition that(s)it tomorrow.自行车可以借给他，条件是明天必须归还。（词语辨析）state state 系常用词，指“人或物存在或所处的状态”,但不着重于“这种状态和具体原因或条件的关系”。He is in

20、 a good state.他身体健康。condition 指“由于一定的原因、条件或环境所产生的特定情况”。His condition will not permit to travel.他的情况不允许他旅游。situation 指“多 种 具 体 情 况 造 成 的 综 合 状态”，常着重“这种状态的影响或和处于该状态的事物的关系”。We are in difficult situation.我们处于困境。即学即用 完成句子 The government will look into the _ of the workers.(政府将对人们的生活情况进行调查研究。)答案：living co

21、nditions 短语链接 major in 美口攻读，专修，主修 即学即用 完成句子 There _ in advertising in the past sixty years.（过去的六十年里，广告业有卓越的发展。）答案：major changes Pre-reading Glance at the title and picture,then discuss with a partner what kind of thing you think people would write and why disabled people find the website beneficial.

22、迅速看一下标题和图画，然后与同伴谈论你认为人们会写什么，为什么残疾人会觉得网站是有益的。（词语辨析）look at 指把眼睛转向目标，译成“看，看着”。Id like to look at your photo.我想看看你的照片。stare at 表示由于吃惊、害怕或深思而张大眼睛看，译成“盯着，注视，凝视”。She stared at the footprint,full of fear.她两眼盯着脚印，满心恐惧。glance at 指“匆匆一看，一瞥”。The middle-aged woman glanced at her watch and hurried off.那位中年妇女匆匆看了

23、一下表就离开了。短语链接 stare straight at 直直地盯着 stare into space 凝视着空中 stare sb.in the face 盯着某人的脸看 stare sb.up and down.上下打量某人 glance over(through)a letter 匆匆阅读一封信 glance round a room 匆匆环视房间 at a glance 一看就 givetake a glance at 对匆匆一看。即学即用 完成句子 1._ the plan seemed unworkable.(乍一看此计划好象不可行。)2.She was _ _the dist

24、ance,thinking.(她凝视远方，在思考着。)3.She _shyly _.（她羞涩地从她的扇子后面看了他一眼。）答案：1.At first glance 2.staring,into 3.glanced,at 【知识新解】beneficial adj.有益的；受益的 Sunshine and moisture are beneficial to living things.阳光和水分有益于生物。归纳小结 benefit n.利益；好处 vt.&vi.有益于；得益 for the benefit of 为了的好处 benefit from 从中受益 to be of great ben

25、efit 有很大的益处 即学即用 完成句子 早起锻炼是有益的。_ 答案：It is beneficial to get up early to do exercise.Reading 知识详解 英汉互译 MARTYS STORY Hi,my name is Marty Fielding and I guess you could say that I am one in a million.In other words,there are not many people like me.You see,I or climb stairs as quickly as other people.I

26、n addition,sometimes I am very clumsy and drop things or bump into furniture.Unfortunately,the doctors dont know years old I was the same as everyone else.I used to climb trees,swim and play football.In fact,I used to dream about playing professional football 马蒂的故事 你好。我叫马蒂菲尔丁。我想你可能会说我是“百万人中才有一个”的那种人

27、。换句话说，世界上像我这样的人并不多见。你瞧，我的肌肉有毛病，使我的身体非常虚弱，所以我不能像别人那样快跑或快步爬楼梯。再说，有时候我还会笨手笨脚、不小心摔掉东西，或磕碰到家具上。不幸的是，大夫们不知道如何治好我的病，但是我很开朗乐观，学会了适应身体的残疾。我的座右铭是：活 and possibly representing my country in the World Cup.Then I started to get weaker and weaker,until I could only enjoy football from a bench at the stadium.In the

28、 end I went into tests,including one in which they cut out a piece of muscle from my leg and looked at it under a microscope.Even after all that,no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future in my primary school would laugh,when I got out of breath after running a s

29、hort way or suffered.Every time I returned after an absence,I felt stupid because I was behind the others.My life is a lot easier at inside my body do not make me annoyed,and I just ignore them.All in all I do,like writing and computer programming.My ambition is to work for a firm that develops comp

30、uter software when I grow up.Last year I invented a computer football game and a big company away for a while.In many ways my disability worth it.If I,it would be this:your life is not satisfying.So dont feel sorry for the disabled or make fun of them,and dont ignore them either.Just accept them for

31、 who they are,and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.Thank you for reading my story.一天算一天。十岁以前，我跟其他人是一样的。我常常爬树、游泳、踢足球。说实在的，我过去常常梦想我会成为职业球员，代表我们的国家参加世界杯足球赛。后来，我的身体开始变得越来越虚弱，以至于只能坐在体育场的长凳上欣赏足球了。最后我到医院去做了检查，几乎住了三个月的医院。我想我至少做过十亿次检查了，包括有一次检查，他们从我的腿部切下一小块儿肌肉，放在显微镜下观察。即使做过了所有

32、这些检查，也没有人能够确诊这个病。因此，很难知道将来会是个什么样子。问题是我看上去跟平常人一样。因此，当我跑了很短的一段路之后，我就会喘不过气来，或者爬楼梯才爬到一半就得停下来休息。因此，上小学时有的孩子见了我这种情况就会笑话我。有时候我的身体太虚弱，上不了学，因此落了许多功课。每次缺课之后，我就觉得自己很笨，因为我比别人落后了。我在中学时期的生活(比在小学时)要轻松多了，因为我的同学开始接受了我的状况。还有些同学看不到我的内心世界，但是我并不生气，只是不去理会他们罢了。总而言之，我生活得挺好。我很高兴我能做许多事情，比如写作和电脑编程。我有雄心壮志，长大后我要在开发电脑软件的公司里工作。去年

33、我发明了一个电脑足球游戏，有一家大公司已经决定从我这儿买走。我的生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。除了同我的朋友一起去看电影和足球比赛，我还花很多时间和我的宠物在一起。我有两只兔子，一只鹦鹉、一缸金鱼和一只乌龟。我得花大量时间来照顾这些宠物，但我觉得很值。此外，我还有好多功课，特别是在病了一段时间之后。在许多方面，我身体的残疾倒使我心理上变得更加坚强、更加独立。我必须努力工作才能过上正常的生活，但这是值得的。假如我有机会跟健康孩子讲一句话，那么，这句话就是：身体残疾并不意味着生活不美满。因此，不要感到残疾人可怜，或者取笑他们，也别不理睬他们。要接受他们，给他们以鼓励，让他们能像你一样过得丰富

34、多彩，充实美满。谢谢你们读我的故事。1.In other words,there are not many people in the world like me.换句话说，世界上像我这样的人并不多见。(短语链接)in word 在口头上 in words 用言语来表达 in aone word 简言之,总之 即学即用 Your performance in the driving test didnt reach the required standard;_ you failed.A.in the end B.after all C.in other words D.at the same

35、 time 问：这四个选项有什么不同？答：此题旨在考查对词组词义的理解。in other words 的意思是“换句话说”；in the end 的意思是“终于”；after all 的意思是“毕竟”；at the same time 的意思是“同时”，“可是”。答案：C 2 In addition,sometimes I am very clumsy and drop things or bump into furniture.再说，有时候我还会笨手笨脚、不小心摔掉东西，或磕碰到家具上。in addition（常与to 连用）此外 是一介词短语，作副词用，相当于词组as well，其后不能跟

36、名词或其他任何成分，一般位于两个句子中间或位于句末。位于两句中时，常用一逗号与句子隔开。例如：There are many shops around the railway station.In addition,there are some newly-built addition.玛丽舅母为我们去郊游准备了三明治，另外还准备了一袋甜饼。【知识新解】bump into 1)碰撞；猛击 In the dim light bump into a tree.昏暗中他看不清一头撞在一棵树上。2)偶然碰见 I often bump into adapted for use in school.这本书已

37、被改编在学校使用。He adapted an old car engine to drive (adaptation)n.适应,改编 adopt vt.采用；收养 短语链接 adapt for 使适合于；为改编改写 adapt from 根据改写改编 adapt oneself to 使自己适应或习惯于某事（词语辨析）adapt 指“修 改 或 改 变 以 适 应 新 条件”。You should adapt yourself to the new environment.你应该适应新环境。adjust 指“调整”、“调节”使之适应。You cant see through the teles

38、cope until it is adjusted to your eyes.你把望远镜调节到适合你的目光之后,你才看得见。fit 多指“大小适合”，引伸为“吻合”。The shoes adapt me well.这鞋我穿正好。suit 多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情况”。No dish suits all tastes.众口难调。match 指“大小、色调、形状、性质等相配或相称”。A red jacket doesnt match green trousers.红上衣与绿裤子不相配。即学即用 The old couple decided to _ a boy and a girl thou

39、gh they.A.adapt B.bring C.receive D.adopt 问：怎么区别这四个选项？答：本句的意思是“这对老夫妇自己已经有三个子女，但还是决定收养一个男孩和一个女孩。”据分析，空白处应意为“收养”，选项D“采纳，收养”符合题意；adapt 使适应，通常用于adapt sth.sboneself to等结构，表示“改编，改写，改用”时，与介词for 搭配。答案：D 4.In fact,I used to dream about playing professional football and possibly representing my country in the

40、 World Cup.说实在的，我过去常常梦想我会成为职业球员，代表我们的国家参加世界杯足球赛。【知识新解】used to 1)意为“过去（常常）做某事”。同时本短语强调，现在已经不这样了。He used to get up early in the morning.他过去常常早起。2)used to 的疑问句可以将did 提前，也可以将used 提前；否定句可以用didnt use to，也可以用usednt to There used to be a big temple,usednt didnt there?这里曾经有一个大庙，是吗？（词语辨析）used to 经常表达过去的习惯与动作，

41、同时也表示“现在动作或状态已经结束”。Tom used to be a very naughty boy.Tom 曾经是一个非常调皮的孩子。（现在已经不调皮）would 表达过去的习惯与倾向，但不与现在形成对比。Whenever possible they would go to the old mans with some housework.可能的时候，他们就到老人的家，帮他做家务活。be used to 意思是“习惯于”，其中to 是介词，后跟名词或动名词，不可以跟不定式。Ive been used to the life used to talking to all kinds of

42、people.他已经习惯于跟各种人讲话了。除作“习惯于”讲外，也可以表示，“被用来做”，后接动词原形。Stone can be used to build bridges.石头可以用来建桥。即学即用 A student of English_ limited exercise finds it an English exam.A.is used to deal with B.used to deal with C.is used to dealing with D.used to dealing with 问：怎么分析句子的结构？答：选项部分完全形式为：a student（who is）use

43、d to dealing with，表示“习惯于的学生”，用过去分词作定语。答案：D 5.I think f tests,including one in which they cut out a piece of muscle from my leg and looked at it under a microscope.我想我至少做过十亿次检查了，包括有一次检查，他们从我的腿部切下一小块儿肌肉，放在显微镜下观察。【知识新解】cut out 1)切掉，删掉；剪除；割掉 The tailor was busy cutting out a dress then.裁缝正忙着裁剪衣服。2)停止；放弃

44、 Couldnt you cu t out smoking since you know the danger of smoking?既然你知道吸烟的危害了，你为什么不戒烟呢？短语链接 cut the price 降价；cut the article 删节文章；cut down trees 伐树；cut down on smoking 减少吸烟；cut in 插嘴，插入，cut in with a few words 插嘴讲几句话；cut off a corner 切掉一角；cut off electricity 切断电源；cut off three sentences 删去三个句子；cuto

45、pen 切开。即学即用 用介词或副词填空。Big cuts made _the prices of medicine.The strong wind cut _the electricity of the whole city.The chairman spoke so fast that nobody could cut_.All the trees were cut _.They will 答案：in off in down 4)抑制；控制；约束 We must readiness for bad news.(喻)我们应该对坏消息有心理准备。5)容纳；装 The room can impo

46、rtant position at the bank.他在这家银行里担任一个重要的职务。My this matter.对于这件事，我和丈夫的意见相左。短语链接 别挂断(在电话交谈中)保有（一份工作）；压抑；压低；控制 is such a person who _ and never speaks to the people around C.keeps as that of streetcar conductor.他们都别想升到电车管理员这么高的职位。5)vi.受苦，受损失，受害感到痛苦或压抑；遭受损失、伤害、损害或惩罚 She was suffering from a admission.敌

47、军自己承认伤亡惨重。7)vi.不及处于不利地位 He suffers by comparison with.苦楚，受难 短语链接 suffer for 为而受苦 suffer from 患病；受苦（词语辨析）bear 侧重于表示“忍受沉重或堆办的 In the end,I could not bear it.最后，我受不 事”。了啦。When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette,it was more than I could bear.当老朋友布赖恩怂恿我接受一支香烟时，我就受不住了。suffer 侧重于表示“忍受或经受令人不

48、愉快的、甚至于痛苦的事”。The enemy forces suffered admission.敌军自己承认伤亡惨重。endure 强调“长时间的忍受痛苦而不屈服”。What cant be cured must be endured.治不好的病就必须忍受。Travelers in space their rockets.宇宙旅行家不得不在火箭中忍受许多不舒适的东西。stand 常与 bear 通用，如果用词确切，stand 总包含着“不退让”、“不畏缩”的“忍受”之意。表示“忍受令人生厌的事”。He can stand more pain than anyone else I know.他

49、比我认识的任何人都更能忍受痛苦。He stood the test of war.他经受住了战争的考验。即学即用 Harry Fields also studying biology said they wanted to make as much noise as possible to force the government officials to realize what everybody was inside my body do not make me annoyed,and I just ignore them.还有些同学看不到我的内心世界，但是我并不生气，只是不去理会他们罢

50、了。【知识新解】annoy vt.1)使生气；使不高兴；使烦恼 He looked annoyed.他好像不耐烦的样子。2)招惹；妨碍；伤害；骚扰 We can annoy the enemy by raids.我们可以用空袭骚扰敌人。短语链接 be annoyed with sb.forat sth.对(某人)为(某事)而生气（词语辨析）annoy 指由于干扰、不顺利或受不了某种外界情况等而“使烦恼、懊恼”I was annoyed by his bad manners.他的无礼使我恼怒。bother 指不停地“扰乱”、“麻烦”,使人Pardon me for bothering you w