2021届昌乐及第中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析.pdf

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1、2021 届昌乐及第中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Four Best Hikes in the World Theres nothing like getting out and getting some fresh air on a hike.No matter whether your idea of a hike is a leisure walk or climbing the highest mountai

2、n on Earth,weve got you covered.Below are four best hikes inthe world.Torres del Paine W Circuit Location(位置):Patagonia.Chile Distance:37+miles Time:56 days Best time to go:October to January The W Circuit is one of the most recommended hikes youll find.Not only will you appreciate the diverse lands

3、capes and striking granite pillars(花岗岩柱子),but youll probably meet some new friends along the way.Grand Canyon Rim-to-Rim Hike Location:Arizona,the United States Distance:48 miles Time:13 days Best time to go:May to June,September to October Theres no better way to experience one of the greatest wond

4、ers in the world.Located in one of the USAs most beautiful parks,the views are ly appealing.Just make sure youre prepared for the challenge.Trek to Petra Location:Jordan Distance:47 miles Time:5 6 days Best time to go:October to April Take the road less traveled through the Kingdom of Jordan and exp

5、erience one of the seven wonders of the world.Hike through canyons,gorges and ridges,and see tombs and temples along the way all while avoiding crowds of tourists.Yosemite Grand Traverse Location:California,the United States Distance:60 miles Time:67 days Best time to go:July to September Known for

6、some of the best hiking in the world,Yosemite National Park is famous for its views and huge sequoia(红杉)trees.Praised byNational Geographic,the Yosemite Grand Traverse will take you through waterfalls and green mountaintops.1.Which of the following is the best time for the hike in Patagonia,Chile?A.

7、April B.May C.August D.December 2.Where should you go for a less crowded hike?A.Jordan B.Patagonia,Chile C.Arizona,the United States D.California,the United States 3.What can you do along the Yosemite Grand Traverse?A.Plant sequoia trees B.Appreciate waterfalls C.Visit local temples D.Climb granite

8、pillars B Water keeps us alive.When it runs out,we have a problem.About one out of four people on the planet are facing a shortage of water.Seventeen countries around the world are dealing with high-water stress.This means they are using almost all the water they have access to.Many are dry countrie

9、s.Some waste much of their water.Some may currently use too much of their groundwater that they should be saving.Several big cities face acute shortages.These include Sao Paulo,Brazil;Chennai,India;and Cape Town,South Africa.A year ago,Cape Town faced nay Zero-the day when all its dams would he dry.

10、Climate change adds to the risk of water shortages.Rainfall is less steady.The water supply becomes less reliable.The days grow hotter.More water evaporates(蒸发)from lakes and rivers even as demand for water increases.By 2030,the number of cities in the high-stress category may have risen to 45 and i

11、nclude almost 470 million people.All over the world,farmers compete with city residents for water.Rich urban places,such as Los Angeles,use too much water for pools and golf courses.But the worst problem is the growth of cities.Bangalore,India,for example,had a few years with little rain.It built ov

12、er its many lakes or filled them with city waste.The lakes are no longer the rain water storage tanks they once were.Bangalore now imports water.A lot of the imported water,however,gets lost on the way to Bangalore.To address this issue,what can be done?First,cities can plug leaks in their water dis

13、tribution system.Wastewater can be recycled.Rain can be harvested and saved for hard times.Lakes and wetlands can be cleaned up and old wells can be restored.And farmers can switch from water-intensive crops like rice to less-thirsty crops like millet(小米).Experts are looking at ways to reduce the nu

14、mber of people on the planet.They are looking at ways to reduce the size of cities.They are looking for ways to encourage people,factories and farmers to use less water.4.What can we know from Paragraph 2?A.A quarter of the worlds population is living with water shortages.B.Nearly all countries are

15、facing acute water shortages now.C.Underground water should he used to meet the water demand.D.Measures have been taken to deal with the water shortage in India.5.What is the main idea of the third paragraph?A.Rainfall is not as steady as before.B.Climate change may lead to water shortages.C.The wat

16、er supply relies more on rainfall.D.Hotter weather changes the water demand.6.What can farmers do to deal with water shortage?A.Plug leaks in the water distribution system.B.Clean up lakes and wetlands and restore wells.C.Reduce the number of people in the cities.D.Grow less-water consumption crops

17、instead.7.What will be discussed if the passage continues?A.How to prevent from climate change.B.How to inspire people to save water.C.How to recycle wastewater in cities D.How to make people get access to clean water.C The Great Barrier Reefs outlook remains“very poor”despite coral(珊瑚)recovery over

18、 the past year,Australian government scientistssaid Monday,just days before a UNESCO ruling on the sites world heritage(遗产)status.The United Nations cultural agency recommended last month that the worlds largest reef(珊瑚礁)system be placed on its endangered list because of damage to the corals largely

19、 caused by climate change.The Australian Institute of Marine Science(AIMS)said the corals were now in a“recovery window”after a decade of harmful heat stress and cyclones(旋风).But such opportunities were becoming rarer due to the influence ofclimate change,the government agency,which has monitored th

20、e reef for 35 years,said in its annual report released today.“The increasing emergence of climate-related extreme weather events and starfish outbreaks is causing more severe and frequent pressures,giving the reef fewer opportunities like this to recover,”CEO Paul Hardisty said.The scientists survey

21、ed 127 reef sites in 2021 and found hard coral cover had increased at 69 of the 81 locations surveyed in the past two years.Separate scientific research released last October found the 2,300-kilometre(1,400 miles)system had lost half its corals since 1995,with a series of ocean heatwaves causing mas

22、s coral death.Britta Schaffelke,research program director at AIMS,said the latest findings provided a slight hope that the reef still has the power of recovering.But she added that its future is still very poor because of the dangers of climate change and other factors that are affecting the reef.UN

23、ESCO has urged Australia to take urgent climate action but the government has long resisted calls to commit to net zero emissions(排放)by 2050.The government has said it hopes to meet the target“as soon as possible”without harming its economy,insisting dealing with climate change requires a global eff

24、ort.The reef was worth about US$4.8 billion a year in tourism for the Australian economy and there are fears that an“in danger”listing could weaken its tourist appeal.8.What is the major cause of the damage to the corals?A.The climate change.B.Lack of money.C.Over development.D.Too many tourists.9.W

25、hat is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?A.The result of the survey.B.The efforts AIMS has made.C.The slight chance of the recovery.D.The terrible situation of the climate.10.What is Britta Schaffelkes attitude towards the future of the reef?A.Unclear.B.Positive.C Intolerant.D.Anxious.11.What can w

26、e infer from the last paragraph?A.Australia wants to put the reef on the endangered list.B.The Australian government has ignored UNESCOs demand.C.Australia hopes to keep a balance between emission target and its economy.D.The Australian government refuses to take its share of responsibility of clima

27、te change.D The year 2020 will mark the beginning of the decade of the yold,or the“young old”,as the Japanese call people aged between 65 and 75.The traditional retirement age is 65.One might therefore expect peak retirement.By continuing to work,and staying socially engaged,the yold will change the

28、 world,as they have done several times before at different stages of their lives.The yold are more numerous,healthier and wealthier than previous generations of seniors.The yold are busier,too.In short,the yold are not just any group of old people.They are challenging the traditional expectations of

29、 the retired as people who wear slippers and look after the grandchildren.That will influence consumer,service and financial markets.The over-60s are one of the fastest-growing groups of customers of the airline business.The yold are vital to the tourism industry because they spend much more,when ta

30、king a foreign holiday,than younger adults.But for all this to happen,three big things will have to change,under pressure from the yold themselves.The most important is public attitudes towards older people,and in particular the expectation that the old ought to be putting their feet up and quietly

31、retiring into the background.Then,government policies will have to change,too.The retirement age in many rich countries is still below the age to which many people want to work.The effective retirement age(the age at which people actually leave the workforce)is usually even lower.Third,higher number

32、s of healthy yold people will require drastic changes in health spending.Most diseases of ageing are bestmetwith prevention and lifestyle changes.But only about 2%3%of most countries health-care spending goes on prevention.That will have to rise,because although the yold will constitute a bulge of c

33、omparative health and activity over the next decade,by 2030 they will hit 75 and enter a long period of decline for which few rich countries are ready.12.What kind of people are the yold exactly?A.They are workaholics.B.They are full of energy.C.They enjoy being focused on.D.They like staying social

34、ly engaged.13.Why do the yold contribute to tourist industry?A.They like traveling more.B.They have more money.C.They consume more on travel.D.They have much free time.14.Whats the authors attitude toward health-care spending on prevention?A.Unsatisfied.B.Subjective.C.Neutral.D.Active.15.What does t

35、he underlined word“met”in the fourth paragraph mean?A.dealt with B.come across C.satisfied D.experienced.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Table manners are the ultimate way to show respect or some accidental disrespect to your host._16_.In France,you are supposed

36、to use two hands to eat either fork and knife or fork and bread.Bread isnt meant to be an appetizer._17_When you eat the bread,tear off a piece of it to eat instead of biting directly into the bread.When not in use,the bread belongs on the table or tablecloth instead of the plate.Finishing everythin

37、g on your plate is a no-no in many Asian countries._18_Leaving a small amount on your plate symbolizes that youve had your fill and acknowledges your hosts generosity._19_So,tipping,in their culture,is rude.Even if they dont assume youre being rude,they can also be very confused by the extra money,t

38、hinking you have overpaid.Whether its a taxi driver,a server,or a bellhop,dont tip them.Its not good manners.Among the local people of China and the Inuit people of Canada,a light burp（打嗝）at the end of a meal is considered a compliment,as it indicates that youve eaten well._20_,or never leave them u

39、pright in a bowl of rice.For this is how food is offered to the spirit of a dead person.A.Furthermore,dont lick your chopsticks B.Instead it serves to assist the food to the fork C.It suggests that your hosts didnt feed you enough D.Many people in Japan believe that good service is standard E.In Bra

40、zil,bread and pizza are normally eaten with a fork and knife,too F.Here are some of the very specific dining dos and donts from around the world G.You may also drink directly from the soup bowl spoons,however,are uncommon 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项

41、中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 I remember this because it happened recently.After my class was over,I was waiting for the_21_.The display showed the 4thfloor with the arrow_22_downwards.Yet the door wasnt open.I kept pressing the buttons,but nothing_23_.Then,a guy came forward and leaned towards the door with his_

42、24_touching it.“There are some people inside.I can hear them,”he said.I tried listening and could hear_25_too.It seemed as if two men were talking and I assumed they needed help.So,thinking this was my chance to make_26_in the next days newspaper,I yelled,“People,you are_27_inside,right?Dont worry!I

43、ll do something!”There were a few offices on the same floor.I called for help and people_28_.I went close to the door again and yelled,“People,keep talking to me.Youre all_29_,right?Keep trying to open the door.”The people inside kept talking to me_30_I was so preoccupied with the thought of being t

44、heir“savior”that I paid no attention to what they_31_.Soon,there were about 20-25 people_32_the lift.I_33_told them not to panic and also told them that I had seen movies where_34_like these were shown and what we should do next.I asked a man to keep talking to those people while I searched for a_35

45、_.Soon,I returned with a steel ruler.I walked with_36_towards the door._37_I could even try,the door opened.There were three men in uniform and they said,“Sister,repair work is going on and we_38_to keep a board outside.Weve been trying to tell you,but you werent even_39_.Everybody started_40_loudly

46、,and all I ever wanted to do then was hide in a deepest hole.21.A.lift B.headmaster C.show D.train 22.A.spreading B.pointing C.moving D.waving 23.A.stopped B.continued C.arrived D.happened 24.A.back B.foot C.ear D.hand 25.A.requests B.suggestions C.knocks D.voices 26.A.headlines B.records C.reports

47、D.differences 27.A.sent B.locked C.seized D.pulled 28.A.gathered B.passed C.returned D.wandered 29.A.nervous B.angry C.fine D.lucky 30.A.until B.though C.because D.but 31.A.asked B.offered C.said D.kicked 32.A.over B.under C.on D.around 33.A.calmly B.quickly C.angrily D.curiously 34.A.imaginations B

48、.situations C.methods D.instructions 35.A.tool B.key C.doctor D.workman 36.A.surprise B.shame C.pride D.patience 37.A.When B.Before C.Although D.Unless 38.A.pretended B.appeared C.refused D.forgot 39.A.speaking B.watching C.listening D.thinking 40.A.blaming B.laughing C.warning D.complaining 第二节（共 1

49、0 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 For centuries,people dreamed about leaving Earth and travelling to other worlds.Then,in 1957,the Soviet Union_41._（make）the first small step into space_42._sending up a small satellite called Sputnik.Early space activities were conducted_43._（

50、main）by the United States and the Soviet Union.But as time went by,Europe and Japan also learned how to build_44._（they）own satellites and rockets.Today,countries such as China,India,South Korea,Israel and Brazil are also developing space industries.During the last 60 years,unmanned probes（探测器）have