2021届杭州市第六中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析.pdf

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1、2021 届杭州市第六中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A In September,something terrible happened on the west coast ofTasmania,Australia.As many as 380 pilot whales became stranded(搁浅)in shallow water there and later died.This might have beenAust

2、ralias largest stranding event on record,the BBC reported.But this large amount of whale stranding is not uncommon.For centuries,it has happened all over the world and has puzzled scientists.Scientists say the cause is often unknown.But they have offered many different explanations.Some say the whal

3、es chase small fish for food and end up in shallow water because they are not paying attention to where they are going.Others think the stranding has something to do with Earths geomagnetic field(地磁场).They say that a geomagnetic compass in whales brains controls their position.Unusual changes in Ear

4、ths magnetic field can affect the whales compasses and send them in the wrong direction.Another explanation suggests that stranding is caused by the close relationships that whales have.Pilot whales travel in large groups.One lead whale might mistakenly lead the whole group to shallow water.“And if

5、one gets into trouble,the others will not leave,”said Sheryl Gibney,a leading biologist fromNew Zealand.“Some will come in and try to help,they get trapped on the beach,then more will come.”The whales are trapped by mistake or out of sympathy(同情).Once they get stranded,they will likely die.According

6、 to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of theUS,less than 10 percent of all stranded whales survive.1.What do we know about the stranding inAustralia?A.It happened on theeast coast ofAustralia.B.It caused the death of over 300 pilot whales.C.It is commonly seen in September each yea

7、r.D.It was the largest stranding event in the world.2.According to Gibney,the pilot whales are the animals that_.A.are kind to each other B.are easy to lose direction C.are too huge to float in the sea D.are silly to follow the leading whale 3.What is the story mainly about?A.How human activity has

8、affected whales.B.What might cause whale strandings.C.How whales find their direction while traveling.D.What scientists are doing to save stranded whales.B Six Neanderthals who lived in what is now France were eaten by their fellow Neanderthals some 100,000 years ago,according to fearful evidence of

9、 the cannibalistic(食人的)event discovered by scientists in a cave in the 1990s.Now,researchersmay have figured out why the Neanderthals,including two children,became victims of cannibalism:Global warming.While previous studies have examined Neanderthal remains to find proof of cannibalistic behavior,t

10、his is the first study to offer clues as to what may have led Neanderthals to become cannibals.Scientists found that rapid changes in local ecosystems as the planet warmed may have wiped out the animal species that Neanderthals ate,forcing them to look elsewhere to fill their stomachs.The researcher

11、s examined a layer of sediment(沉积物)in a cave known as Baume Moula-Guercy,in southeastern France.In that layer,charcoal(碳)and animal bones were so well-preserved that scientists could reconstruct an environmental picture representing 120,000 to 130,000 years ago.They discovered that the climate in th

12、e area was likely even warmer than it is today,and that the change from a cold,dry climate to a warmer one happened quickly.“Maybe within a few generations”,study co-author Emmanuel said.As the animals that once populated the landscape disappeared,some Neanderthals ate what they could find their nei

13、ghbors.Cannibalism is by no means unique to Neanderthals,and has been practiced by humans and their s“from the early Palaeolithic to theBronze Age and beyond,”the study authors reported.The behavior adopted by the starving Neanderthals in the Baume Moula-Guercy should therefore not be viewed as“a ma

14、rk of bestiality(兽性)or sub-humanity”,but as an emergency adaptation to a period of severe environmental stress,according to the study.4.What does the study mainly focus on?A.The social behavior of Neanderthals.B.The reason for cannibalism among Neanderthals.C.The climate change in southeasternFrance

15、.D.The influence of global warming on ancient animals.5.What can possibly be used to describe the climate in southeasternFrance120,000 to 130,000 years ago?A.It was no warmer than it is today.B.It was first warm while later cold and dry.C.Its change was mild and went through quite a long process.D.I

16、ts change is a chief factor contributing to cannibalism.6.Which of the following might the study authors agree with?A.Neanderthals cannibalism showed their bestiality.B.Cannibalism was actually a measure the Neanderthals had to adopt to survive.C.Neanderthals cannibalism guaranteed their rule over o

17、ther tribes.D.Only Neanderthals were found to have cannibalism in human history.7.Where can you most possibly find this passage?A.In a science journal.B.In a travel brochure.C.In a history book.D.In a geography book.C Youve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonn

18、es enter ocean ecosystems every year.But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference?Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does.He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage,forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.At the beginning

19、 of the year,the artist built a piece called“Strawpocalypse,”a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves,frozen mid-crash.Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups,the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam.J

20、ust 9%of global plastic waste is recycled.Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（来源）of plastic pollution,but theyve recently come under fire because most people dont need them to drink with and,because of their small size and weight,they cannot be recycled.Every straw thats part ofVon Won

21、gs artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes.Once the drink is gone,the straw will take centuries to disappear.In a piece from 2018,Von Wong wanted to illustrate（说明）a specific statistic:Every 60 seconds,a truckloads worth of plastic enters the ocean.For this work,titl

22、ed“Truckload of Plastic,”Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic,which were then tied together to look like theyd been dumped（倾倒）from a truck all atonce.Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.8.What

23、 are Von Wongs artworks intended for?A.Beautifying the city he lives in.B.Introducing eco-friendly products.C.Drawing public attention to plastic waste.D.Reducing garbage on the beach.9.Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?A.To show the difficulty of their recycling.B.To explain

24、 why they are useful.C.To voice his views on modern art.D.To find a substitute for them.10.What effect would“Truckload of Plastic”have on viewers?A.Calming.B.Disturbing.C.Refreshing.D.Challenging.11.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Artists Opinions on Plastic Safety B.Medi

25、a Interest in Contemporary Art C.Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies D.Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures D What will future schools look like in 100 years?Imagine future schools in which students are totally engaged in a class.They are concentrating on working together to solve real-wo

26、rld problems.They are self-driven and are coming up withamazing ideas on the spot.They are concerned with each others well-being as part of a team.Their concerns reach far beyond the classroom to others all over the globe.The school of the future will be an amazing melting pot of different peoples c

27、oming together to solve real-world problems.Will they even be called“schools”in the future?The teacher-student relationship is changing.Teachers are acting more as helpers rather than keepers of all knowledge.Students are driving their own education to the path that they feel best fits them.In the f

28、uture,employers may not be as concerned with a diploma.Theyll look more at cases and examples of how students contribute to solving real-world problems.Theyll want to know how well they work in a team.What will problem-solving look like in the future?Information from the Internet is accessible every

29、where and at unimaginable speeds.Kids are connected to news around the world in real time.Imagine someone could put out a request to the global community to help solve an issue in their own community!Classes can adopt an issue and work with other classes around the world in real time to create solut

30、ions.What will information look like in the future?Its already everywhere.Users can get flooded by the constant flow of information.The need to understand what is true and what is not is important.The flipped classroom(翻转课堂)has already completely changed lecture-based lessons.It presents interesting

31、 content to students before they even come to class.They can access the Internet as many times as they want to review the lessons.12.What is the key message of the first paragraph?A.The things students will do in the future school.B.The situation where students will be in the future.C.The attention

32、students will pay to in the classroom.D.The methods students will use to study in the classroom.13.What will be thought highly of when students solve real-world problems?A.Respect.B.Patience.C.Teamwork.D.Concern.14.What can we infer from the fourth paragraph?A.Teachers encourage students to develop

33、leadership.B Students are really relaxed with their heavy study.C.The employers value students diplomas most.D.Students have the right to choose the most suitable lessons.15.Whats the purpose of the flipped classroom?A.To help students to improve the problem-solving ability.B.To provide the lessons

34、for students to study before or after class.C.To help students to keep in contact with the outside world.D.To help students to understand the most difficult content.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Some people are blessed with a seemingly unshakable positivity,but

35、 most of us need to learn how to pull ourselves up through our own efforts._16_Thankfully,here are several science-backed strategies to improve your relationship with the person in the mirror._17_ Realize that negative emotions arent inherently(天性地)bad-they can be useful.The inner call of anxiety re

36、minds you to focus on it.If you need to deal with an immediate problem-say,strictly control overspending-that call to focus is helpful.Believe that you matter _18_Spend time with loved ones,and remind them you offer a shoulder to cry on.Its nice to know that someone cares,and they in turn can count

37、on you when they need help.Get moving Theres no silver bullet(高招)for overcoming negativity._19_Not only is it good for stress management and general mental health but it also provides a sense of competence and accomplishment.Over the years,dozens of studies have indicated that exercise has a signifi

38、cant impact on self-perceptions._20_If going to the gym is not an option or very enjoyable to you,then head outdoors for a run or a nice walk.A.Engage in less negative self-talk.B.Embrace the upside of feeling down.C.But exercise is the closest thing we have.D.Staying positive has been tough in pand

39、emic.E.Such interactions can lead to negative emotions.F.The activity you choose matters less than enjoying it and sticking to it.G.Strong personal relationships are the best aids to believing you matter.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 I

40、used to hate running.It seemed too hard,and being pushed outside my comfort zone was not what I was_21_to do.My husband Charles had been a serious competitive_22_for many years.Afterour marriage,he wouldnt_23_talking about how much he missed it.So he picked it up again,and after about a year,I start

41、ed to_24_him at the track.Just a few weeks later,Charles_25_us both up for a five-kilometer race.I_26_about doing it.It was too soon.But on the race day,there I was.The gun_27_.Thousands of runners pushed forward.The first kilometer was tough.“I dont think Im gonna make it.”I was already breathing_2

42、8_and painfully aware of thegroup of runners pounding past me.“No,youre doing great,”said Charles.He was trying to encourage me,to get me focused on something else_29_my discomfort.“I cant,”I said,barely audibly(听得见地).He tried a_30_way to persuade me.“Just make it to that house and lets see how you_

43、31_.”After another minute I saw the three-kilometer mark.All I could think of was that I was dying and that my husband made me_32_.“Miserable”doesnt even begin to describe how I felt.“Youll be fine.Youve got less than a kilometer to go.”I rounded a corner,and saw both sides of the street_33_with peo

44、ple watching the race,all cheering the runners on.I willed my_34_to keep going.Then I looked up and saw the clock.The seconds ticking away gave me_35_.I knew that if I_36_finished this race I would achieve something._37_,I straightened up and kicked it.I had my arms held higher when I passed through

45、 the finish line.A volunteer_38_a medal around my neck.“You did great!Im so proud of you!”Charles was_39_that Id made it.“That was AMAZING!I want to do another race.This running stuff is amazing!”I proudly_40_my medal on our way to the post-race festivities.My lungs and my comfort zone both expanded

46、.21.A.accepted B.permitted C.pushed D.raised 22.A.runner B.policeman C.doctor D.lawyer 23.A.regret B.mind C.stop D.forget 24.A.follow B.attend C.join D.urge 25.A.signed B.picked C.turned D.looked 26.A.cared B.hesitated C.wondered D.inquired 27.A.went off B.went out C.broke off D.broke out 28.A.smoot

47、hly B.heavily C.quickly D.abruptly 29.A.or rather B.more than C.rather than D.better than 30.A.pleasant B.reasonable C.casual D.different 31.A.react B.describe C.feel D.realize 32.A.ashamed B.painful C.embarrassed D.nervous 33.A.busy B.popular C.ready D.thick 34.A.arms B.mind C.heart D.legs 35.A.str

48、ength B.patience C.expectation D.wisdom 36.A.formally B.immediately C.normally D.actually 37.A.However B.Therefore C.Yet D.Instead 38.A.rewarded B.handed C.put D.presented 39.A.thrilled B.amused C.shocked D.frozen 40.A.enjoyed B.kissed C.kept D.ignored 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个

49、适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Robotic age draws closer These days,robots are_41._(common)than you might think.Consider the Roomba,_42._robotic vacuum cleaner(真空吸尘器)which cleans floors on its own.“We wanted to make something simple_43._people could use every day,”says Greiner,co-founder of iRobot,the company that

50、 makes the smart vacuum cleaner.“And thats what inspired us to build the Roomba.”Some robots like the Roomba are already very common in many US households.iRobot makes everything from the Roomba to robots that someday might become a part of us.“You can have robotics_44._(equip)into your body,to get