2021届北京第一中学高三英语下学期期末考试试卷及答案.pdf

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1、2021 届北京第一中学高三英语下学期期末考试试卷及答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Each year,theLas Vegasconsumer electronics show,or CES,presents the latest developments in many areas of technology.The newest products are designed to make our lives easier,fun and more

2、productive.A car with legs One of this years presentations was by South Korean carmaker Hyun-dai.The company introduced a small model of a“walking car,”which is called Elevate.It has four movable legs that can raise the main part of the vehicle high off the ground.The electric-powered vehicle is des

3、igned to be used in search-and-rescue operations during emergencies or natural disasters.Changeable people mover Germanys Mercedes presented an experimental self-driving vehicle that it claims can revolutionize transportation for people and goods.The company says the vehicle,called Vision Urbanetic,

4、will be able lo easily change bodies depending on its desired use.Mercedes says as a ride-sharing vehicle,the futuristic-looking car can seat 12 people.Fully electric Harley American manufacturer Harley-Davidson showed off its first fully electric motorcycle,called LiveWire.The company says the bike

5、 will be able to go 177 kilometers between charges.It can reach 96 kilometers per hour in under3.5 seconds.Although Harley is known for building powerful bikes with huge,loud motors,the LiveWire will be unusually quiet.Personal robots One of the new robots,called Temi,is really just a computer table

6、t on wheels.It is designed to be a personal electronic assistant.It moves around the home and performs commands when spoken to.It can link users to friends through voice or video,connect to video or place orders for food or goods.1.Which do you probably use to search for the injured in an earthquake

7、?A.Elevate.B.Vision Urbanetic.C.LiveWire.D.Temi.2.What is the first fully electric motorcycle produced by Harley-Davidson?A.Elevate B.Hyun-dai C.LiveWire.D.Temi.3.Why are the four products designed?A.To ease traffic jam.B.To help us socialize.C.To improve our life.D.To protect the environment.B Port

8、raits as Art According to a dictionary,portraiture is“a representation(描绘)of a person,especially of the face by drawing or painting alikeness.”However,this definition neglects the complexities of portraiture.Portraits are works of art that engage with ideas of identity rather than just a likeness.Th

9、ese concepts of identity involve social rank,gender,age,profession,character of the subject,etc.It is impossible to copy all the aspects of identity.Therefore,portraits reflect only certain qualities of subjects.Portrait art has also undergone significant shifts in artistic practice.The majority of

10、portraits are the outcome of current artistic fashions and favored styles.Therefore,portrait art is an art category providing various engagement with social,psychological,and artistic practices and expectations.Since portraits are different from other art categories,they are worthy of separate study

11、.During their production,portraits require the presence of a specific person,or an image of the individual.In many instances,the production of portraiture has required sittings,which result in interaction between the subject(s)and the artist throughout the creation of the work.In certain instances,p

12、ortrait artists depended on a combination of different involvement with their subjects.If the sitter cant sit in the studio regularly,portraitists could use his or her photographs.InEurope,during the seventeenth and eighteenth century,the sitting time was sometimes decreased by focusing only on the

13、head.Theoretically,portraitists could work from impressions or memories when creating a painting,but this rarely occurred according to documented records.Nonetheless,whether the work is based on model sittings,copying a photograph,or using memory,the process of painting a portrait is linked with the

14、 models attendance.Furthermore,portrait painting can be distinguished from other artistic categories by its connection with appearance,or likeness.As such,the art of portrait painting got a reputation for imitation instead of for artistic innovation.Based on Renaissance art theory,portraiture was re

15、lated to the level of a mechanical exercise as opposed to a fine art.Michelangelos well-known protest against portraits is only one example.During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries,the attitude to portraiture was critical.Even so,artists from around the globe persisted in painting portraits des

16、pite their theoretical objections.Picasso,for example,became widely-known forcubist still-life painting(立体派静物画)early in his career,but some of his early experiments in this new style were his portraits of art dealers.4.What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us?A.The changing definition of portraiture ref

17、lects shifting attitudes to it.B.Most portraits reflect artistic fashions and favored styles when created.C.Portraiture is a more complex art form than is defined in a dictionary.D.Portrait art shouldnt be seen as a distinct art category for its complexity.5.Which of the following is a characteristi

18、c of portraiture mentioned in paragraph 2?A.Portraiture typically takes much less time than other art forms.B.Portraiture often requires frequent cooperation between artists.C.Portraits show models in a more accurate way than other art forms.D.Portraits generally involve interaction between subjects

19、 and artists.6.According to paragraph 2,during portraits production,artists _.A.based their work on the subjects attendance B.preferred models photographs to their presence C.were more willing to use impressions or memories D.reduced sitting time to concentrate on a sitters head 7.Picasso is chosen

20、as an example by the author because he _.A.altered the way other artists felt about portrait art B.created portraits in spite of his objection to portrait art C.depended on portrait art to establish a higher reputation D.had fewer theoretical objections to portraitures than others C The China Intern

21、ational Search and Rescue Team(CISAR)was formed in 2001 and is now made up of several hundred rescue workers and about 20 police dogs.The team brings help and hope to those whose lives are changed by astorm,flood,earthquake,or any other natural disasters.After long and careful training,the team went

22、 on its first international rescue tasks in 2003.That year,the Chinese team helped save lives after earthquakes inAlgeriaandIran.It was the first time that a Chinese team had worked outsideChinawhose members won high praise for bravery and skill.Since then,the CISAR has completed many tasks.The list

23、 of people to whom help has been given is long.The team treated more than 3,000 people who were wounded in the 2006 earthquake inIndonesia,helped 2,500 wounded people after the earthquake that hitHaitiin 2010,and spent several months giving aid to over 25,000 people suffering from the 2010 floods in

24、Pakistan.On April 26,2015,a group of 62 people from CISAR went toNepalafter the 8.1 magnitude earthquake that happened there.Rescue workers are trained to find people,treat wounds,and hand out food,water,and other supplies.They have to be able to do work that is difficult under conditions which can

25、be very dangerous.After a disaster,there is usually no electricity or water,and there may be diseases and other dangers.Rescue workers get to save lives,but they must also bury the dead.That means they have to be strong in both body and mind.Rescue workers must have big hearts,too.It takes a lot of

26、love and courage to risk ones own life to save someone elses.The members of the CISAR have plenty of both and are always ready to go wherever help is needed.8.What is the function of the numbers in Paragraph 3?A.To advertise for the CISAR.B.To add some basic information.C.To praise Recue Workers con

27、tributions.D.To stress the dangers Rescue Workers face.9.What is the authors attitude towards Rescue Workers?A.Hopeful.B.Respectful.C.Curious.D.Supportive.10.What are the last two paragraphs mainly about?A.The duty rescue workers must perform.B.The qualities rescue workers must own.C.The difficultie

28、s rescue workers must go through.D.The willingness rescue workers should require.11.What may be the best title of the passage?A.China to the Rescue B.How to train CISAR C.Welcome to CISAR D.Rescue on request D For decades,an organization,called Ulum Dalska,based in a small Swedish town called Alvdal

29、en,hasbeen working hard to help save a language called EIfdalian.Elfdalian sounds nothing like the countrys national language,Swedish,which press secretary Bjorm Rehnstrom said affected the language about 100 years ago.At that point,Elfdalian declined.Ulla Schitt,also a Ulum Dalska member,experience

30、d the change while growing up in Alvdalen.“My parents spoke Efdalian with each other,and with my grandma and my aunts and uncles and everyone around,”Schit said.“But when they turned to me,they spoke Swedish.”Schitt said her parents spoke Swedish with her because thats what was spoken in schools.But

31、 people are getting creative in the fight to change that trend.Musicians are creating new songs with Elfdalian.Several childrens books were also translated into EIfdalian,including Le Petit Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupery.Additionally,Bjorm Rehnstrom helps run a popular Facebook group that offers

32、 courses in the Elfdalian language,where he offers lessons to the groups 1,800 global members from America,Australia,South America,Indonesia,Haiti and Cape Verde.The local government supports the teaching and preservation of Elfdalian.Bjom Rehnstrom said they eagerly paid for a sign that reads:“Welc

33、ome to Alvdalen”in Elfdalian.But the national government of Sweden is a different story.They currently consider Eidalian a dialect of Swedish,not its own language.Schitt said every time a language dies it is a sad moment.To her,losing Elfdalian would be an especially tragic(悲剧的)loss.“Its a part of o

34、ur identity.Its part of our culture,”she said.“And if part of your identity and culture dies,a part of yourself dies.”Getting Elfdalian recognized as a language by the Swedish government,she added,is key to making sure that death doesnt come.12.Why was Ulum Dalska founded?A.To teach Swedish.B.To sav

35、e Elfdalian.C.To improve Alvdalen.D.To help schools.13.Why Schitts parents spoke Swedish with her?A.They could only speak Swedish fluently.B.Schitt longed to speak Swedish at home.C.Swedish was the language of schools.D.It was required by her school teachers,14.What can we infer from paragraph 4?A.M

36、any people are trying to help to save Elfdalian.B.Songs in Elfdalian are becoming more popular.C.Le Petit Prince was translated into various languages.D.Courses in Eldalian are provided to the world freely.15.What does Schitt think of preserving Elfdalian?A.Satisfactory.B.Vital.C.Dangerous.D.Meaning

37、less.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Trees are one of the oldest living things on earth.Trees are important for life as they provide food and oxygen.The importance of trees continues to increase and more benefits of trees are being discovered as their role expand

38、s to satisfy the needs created from us human beings.The forests and trees are planted to make the world look better and more beautiful._16_Some of them are as follows.Trees can clean soil and control soil erosion(侵蚀).Poisonous chemicals and pollutants from various factories enter into the soil,thus

39、causing soil pollution._17_Trees and plant roots bind(捆绑)the soil and thus reduce soil erosion.Also they store rainwater and reduce sediment(沉积)deposits.Trees play an important role in reducing the greenhouse gases.They consume carbon dioxide and produce oxygen._18_For example,a fully grown tree pro

40、duces oxygen which is sufficient for10 people for a complete year.Also,they act as filters of the air that we breathe.Trees are of commercial importance.Trees satisfy the need of fuel for cooking in many areas around the world.Trees also provide wood for furniture and hundreds of household items._19

41、_Also,trees produce a number of fruits and nuts which are sold at market.Some trees are even used to make medicines._20_They provide shelter and food for a number of animal species across the globe.Trees are especially important as they form green corridors connecting habitats with each other and wi

42、th the countryside beyond.A.Without trees our planet cannot be considered a place for living.B.In fact,trees play different roles in our environment.C.This lowers global warming.D.Wood pulp(浆)is used for making paper in industries.E.Trees have the ability to store them or change them into less harmf

43、ul forms.F.Trees have beautified our planet.G.Trees act as the habitat for wild animals.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 On Thursday morning,two teenage boys were rescued by a drone(无人机)in Australia while lifeguards were still training to

44、use the machine.The_21_,aged 15-17,got into difficulties about 700 feet off the coast of Lennox Head,New South Wales(NSW).A passer-by saw them_22_in dangerous waves.Lifesavers_23_sent the drone to drop a lifeboat,and the pair made their way safely to the_24_.The drone,known as“Little Riper”,was actu

45、ally not_25_to be saving anyone just yetlifeguards were being trained to_26_the machine.When a call came through about the swimmers in_27_the drone happened to be nearby.Jai Sheridan was the lifeguard who_28_the drone.He described the experience as_29_.“The Little Ripper_30_proved itself today.It is

46、 a highly efficient piece of lifesaving equipment.I was_31_the drone when the alarm was raised.I directed it towards the swimmers and dropped the_32_.With its support they made their way to safety.They were_33_,but not hurt.The teens were saved in just 70 seconds with the dronewhile a lifeguard woul

47、d have taken up to six minutes to_34_the rescue.”John Barilaro,an official of the state,_35_the rescue as historic.“It was the worlds_36_rescue by the unmanned airplane,”he said.“Never before has a drone been used to_37_swimmers like this.”Last December,the NSW state government_38_some“Little Ripper

48、”drones for 247,000 pounds._39_some are designed to spot sharks,others are_40_with lifeboats,alarms and loudspeakers.“It was money well spent,”said John Barilaro.21.A.swimmers B.managers C.visitors D.passers-by 22.A.playing B.racing C.struggling D.training 23.A.finally B.secretly C.immediately D.gra

49、tefully 24.A.island B.ship C.hospital D.shore 25.A.recommended B.supposed C.allowed D.guided 26.A.get familiar with B.repair C.take care of D.power 27.A.charge B.place C.action D.trouble 28.A.flew B.brought C.checked D.designed 29.A.funny B.useful C.amazing D.important 30.A.necessarily B.basically C

50、.probably D.certainly 31.A.studying B.piloting C.boarding D.inspecting 32.A.lifebelt B.lifeline C.lifeguard D.lifeboat 33.A.sick B.tired C.excited D.surprised 34.A.record B.complete C.experience D.report 35.A.thanked B.greeted C.imagined D.praised 36.A.latest B.best C.first D.quickest 37.A.save B.wa