2021届成安县第三中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案.pdf

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1、2021 届成安县第三中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Bored with your life?Dreaming of something different?I always wonder what life would be like400 kmabove my head.Thats where the International Space Station orbits the earth,with six astron

2、auts living and working on board,for months at a time.How do they sleep?They spend the night floating in a sleeping bag inside a small cubicle(小隔间)on the ceiling.American astronaut Sunita Williams explains,“Its like a little phone booth,but its pretty comfortable and it doesnt matter if I turn overa

3、nd sleep upside down.I dont have any sensation(感觉)in my head that tells me Im upside down.”Brushing your teeth in a place where you cant have a tap or a sink can be a challenge.Can you imagine the mess that running water would make in zero gravity?Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield uses a straw to pu

4、t a big blob of water from a sealed bag onto an ordinary toothbrush and adds a little toothpaste which he has to swallow when hes done.Daily exercise is essential.The lack of gravity makes bones more fragile and muscles lose strength so astronauts are encouraged to work out for at least two hours a

5、day.The role of astronauts in the International Space Station is to act as lab technicians for scientists back on earth.So they spend their time maintaining their environment and performing and monitoring experiments in a confined space about the size of a Boeing 747.Almost every task is carefully p

6、lanned by mission control although most astronauts spend their first days losing things until they get used to sticking everything they use to the walls with Velcro,duct tape(强力胶带)or clips(夹子)One of their most valued perks(额外待遇)is the view from“the office”,dominated by that gigantic blue ball down t

7、here,sitting in the darkness of space.Wow!Absolutely breathtaking!1.When they sleep upside down,the astronauts willnot get dizzy because _.A.they dont feel it B.they sleep in the daytime C.they sleep in special sleeping bags D.they are trained to adapt to the conditions of weightlessness 2.What part

8、s become weak if astronauts dont exercise?A.Their teeth and bones.B.Their brains and bones.C.Their bones and muscles.D.Their teeth and muscles.3.What is the passage mainly about?A.The Problems We Met in Space.B.Living and Working in Space.C.How to Become an Astronaut.D.The International Space Statio

9、n.B Cuckoos dont bother building their own neststhey just lay eggs that perfectly imitate those of other birds and take over their nests.But other birds are wishing up,evolving some seriously impressive tricks to spot the cuckoo eggs.Cuckoos are often know asparasites,meaning that they hide their eg

10、gs in the nest of other species.To avoid detection,the cuckoos have evolved so that eggs seem reproduction of those of their preferred targets.If the host bird doesnt notice the strange egg in its nest,the little cuckoo will actually take the entire nest for itself after it comes out,taking the othe

11、r eggs on its back and dropping them out of the nest.To avoid this unpleasant fate for their young,the other birds have evolved a few smart ways to spot the fakes,which were only now beginning to fully understand.One of the most amazing finds is that birds have an extra colour-sensitive cell in thei

12、r eyes,which makes them far more sensitive to ultraviolet wavelengths and allows them to see a far greater range of colours than humans can.This allows cautious birds to detect a fake egg which might be exactly the same to our eyes.Fascinatingly,were actually able to observe different bird species a

13、t very different points in their evolutionary war with the cuckoos.For instance,some cuckoos lay their eggs in the nests of the redstarts.The blue eggs these cuckoos lay are practically alike to those of the redstarts,and yet they are still sometimes rejected.Compare that with cuckoos who target dun

14、nocks.While those birds lay perfectly blue eggs,their cuckoo invaders just lay white eggs with brown irregular shaped spots.And yet dunnocks barely ever seem to notice the obvious trick.Biologists suspect these more easily fooled species like the dunnocks are on the same evolutionary path as the red

15、starts,but they have a long way to go until they evolve the same levels of suspicion.Whats remarkable is that the dunnocks fakes are so bad and the redstart ones so good,and yet cuckoos are still more successful with the former than the latter.It speaks to just how thoroughly a species behavior can

16、be changed by the pressures of natural selection,or it might just be a bit of strategic cooperation on the part of the dunnocks.Biologists have suggested that these birds are willing to tolerate a parasite every so often because they dont want to risk accidentally getting rid of one of their own egg

17、s.4.This passage can be most likely found in a _.A.science survey B.nature magazine C.zoo advertisement D.travel journal 5.What does the underlined word“parasite”in paragraph 2 most probably refer to?A.Animals that work together to raise young.B.Small harmful animals such as worms or mice.C.Animals

18、that can adapt to changing environments.D.Animals which live on or inside other host animals.6.Which of the following is TRUE about the dunnock according to the passage?A.It is colour-blind and therefore cannot identify foreign eggs in the nest.B.It can easily remove cuckoo eggs from the nest becaus

19、e fakes are so bad.C.It is a host bird that is more likely to raise a cuckoo chick than the redstart.D.It is unable to evolve and hence accepts cuckoo eggs that appear in the nest.7.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A.Dunnocks may eventually learn to recognise foreign eggs.B.Re

20、dstarts seem to be less suspicious compared to dunnocks.C.Cuckoo birds are good at taking responsibility for their own young.D.It is very easy for cuckoos to imitate the colouring of the dunnocks egg.C Dolores Huerta has worked hard most of her life to help other people.She has helped change things

21、so that others can have a better life.Dolores grew up in California.She was a good student and liked school.After she finished high school,she went to college and studied to be a teacher.After college,she became a teacher.Dolores noticed that many of her students were not getting enough food to eat.

22、Some of them wore very old clothes.Dolores wondered how she could help them.Dolores liked teaching but she decided to quit her job so that she could spend more time helping her students and their families.One thing she wanted to do was to get more pay for their parents,farm workers.Thus they could b

23、uy their children what they needed.Dolores knew that many farm workers moved often from one place to another to help pick different kinds of fruits and vegetables,like grapes and tomatoes.She began talking and writing about these workers.Even people who lived far from California read what Dolores wr

24、ote.Getting higher pay for the farm workers was not easy.Dolores worked hard to make sure that farm workers got fair pay for their work.She knew that nothing would change unless new laws were made to help the workers.Through all her hard work,new laws were passed that gave farm workers fair pay.Dolo

25、res Huerta has worked for more than 30 years in many different ways to make life better for working people.She has shown how much one person can change things.8.What did Dolores find about her students?A.They worked hard to make a living.B.They lived far away from schools.C.They had little time to p

26、lay.D.They were hungry sometimes.9.Why did Dolores stop teaching?A.She wished to be a lawyer.B.She moved to another place.C.She wanted to help her students more.D.She got little money by teaching.10.Thanks to Dolores great effort,the farm workers _.A.got better jobs B.got fair pay C.had more time of

27、f D.had a settled way of life 11.What is the main idea of the passage?A.One person can make big changes.B.One can change their jobs often.C.One person can work hard for others.D.One can make life better by themselves.D The cumulative rainfall in Henan province during the four days was the highest si

28、nce the province has records,the provincial meteorological service said.The rain was heaviest in the provincial capital,Zhengzhou,for a short period on Monday and Tuesday.Northern,western and central parts of Henan also experienced downpours,the service said.Zhengzhous biggest one-hour precipitation

29、(降水量)201.9 mmbetween 4 and 5 pm on Tuesdaywas also the highest on the Chinese mainland.The previous record was 198.5 mmin the village of Linzhuang in Zhumadian in August 1975,the National Meteorological Center said.The citys precipitation duringthe four days exceeded that of its average annual preci

30、pitation,the center said.Chen Tao,chief forecaster at the National Meteorological Center,said abundant water vapor(水蒸气)brought by Typhoon In-Fa and the provinces special geographical features led to Henans rain.“Partly affected by the typhoon,large amounts of water vapor have been transported to Chi

31、nas inland areas,including Henan,”he said.From Thursday to Monday,rain was forecast to continue in Henan.However,rainfall will gradually subside in Zhengzhou and the provinces northern and central regions,though the storms will increase the risk of mountain torrents and other geological disasters.By

32、 Monday,lighter rain is forecast for parts of Henan,the provincial weather service said.However,local authorities are still urged to bevigilantand prepare to prevent or cope with flooding and other possible disasters.Predicting such weather events remains a challenge worldwide because it involves ma

33、ny meteorological phenomena,the center said.“The formation of this kind of extreme weather,including rainstorms and high temperatures,is complex,”Chen said.“We still lack effective solutions and methods for such forecasting”,he said.“We are now putting a lot of effort into tackling the difficulty.We

34、 believe that as the technology improves,we can better forecast the events.”12.What message does the author mainly want to convey in the first paragraph?A.heavy rain fell in Zhengzhou.B.The rain in Henan lasted four days.C.Zhumadian also suffered the similar heavy rain.D.Henan experienced the bigges

35、t rainfall of all time.13.What can be indicated from Chen Taos words?A.It is not easy to forecast the extreme weather.B The rain of Henan is mainly caused by Typhoon In-Fa.C.The center hasnt put a lot of effort into solving the problem.D.Rainstorms and high temperatures can account for the heavy rai

36、n.14.What does the underlined word“vigilant”probably mean?第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项“Nobody else knows what they are doing either.”I read this quote about six years ago when I was in college I lived through college life without any_21_.When professors sai

37、d it was time to hand in my homework,I handed it in.When I was told that I hadnt enough_22_to get my degree,I studied hard to_23_examinations to complete several courses One day,I was having dinner with some classmates.One said suddenly,“Iplan to buy a_24_within three years after graduation.”I almos

38、t_25_,“Really?Do you know how_26_it is to buy one house?”He said leisurely,“Mortgage(抵押贷款).”Another added,“Great!I_27_to pass the examination of CharteredFinancial Analyst and get the certificate within five years after graduation.”I just seemed to hear something_28_.I_29_like this way.I worked at a

39、 bar.Unhappily!Every day,I got up hurriedly and got on the bus to work.After work,I slept,again and again.I didnt know why I led such a_30_life that I had_31_wanted,and where my life would_32_.Like 90%of my peers,I still had no_33_what I wanted to do with my life or who I wanted to become.At the exa

40、ct same time Instagram(一款社交软件)was becoming really big.I started_34_bloggers and world travelers who seemed to have it all together.How had they_35_it out?What had they been given that I hadnt?We were totally_36_;the only thing_37_us was that they had plans or_38_,and they had taken action.All of a s

41、udden,I came down to earth,_39_that if I took things into my own hands,I would figure it out.I began to think my_40_and just do something.Then three years later,I became a freelance writer.21.A.experiences B.concerns C.failures D.tests 22.A.grades B.credits C.achievements D.missions 23.A.prepare B.s

42、it C.pass D.read 24.A.car B.school C.pet D.house 25.A.approved B.denied C.quieted D.choked 26.A.hard B.fantastic C.realistic D.important for teachers.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节短文改错（满分 10 分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：

43、把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。Last Saturday,I took part in an English speech competition hold by our school.I was really excited about it.When it was my turn,I walked onto the stage.I felt nervously and frightened with such large a crowd lookin

44、g at me!I was about to give up as I saw my family members seated there.I regained belief in me at once.I was announced as one of the second-prize winner and all my family take great pride in me for my success.I am glad to have participated in contest.I learnt a lot of from this experience.I improved

45、 my English speaking skills.I also learnt what to face people bravely and confidently.第二节书面表达（满分 25 分）52.假如你是李华，你校上周举行了主题是“太空”的年度“科学节”活动，持续一周。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：1.活动目的；2.具体活动；3.活动反响。注意：1.写作词数应为 80 左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Science Festival goes off with a bang!_ 参考答案 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.C

46、10.B 11.A 12.D 13.A 14.B 15.C 16.C 17.B 18.D 19.A 20.F 21.B 22.B 23.C 24.D 25.D 26.A 27.B 28.A 29.C 30.D 31.A 32.D 33.C 34.B 35.A 36.D 37.A 38.B 39.C 40.C 41.found 42.A 43.to get 44.dropped 45.where 46.consumer 47.merely 48.with 49.strengthens 50.easier 51.(1).hold held(2).nervously nervous (3).suchso (4).aswhen (5).me myself (6).winner winners (7).take took (8).in 后加 the (9).去掉 lot 后的 of (10).what how 52.略