英语中考归纳复习专题：情景交际.pdf

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1、外研版 2018 年英语中考归纳复习专题：情景交际【情景交际】情景交际类单项填空题属于“语言功能”考核项目，考查学生的交际能力和对英美国家文化背景的了解。在解答该类题目时，要避开一些误区：一忌上词下用（如不能用“No thanks.”回答“Thank you very much.”）；二忌中文思维（要充分了解英美文化）；三忌直接回绝（英美人拒绝请求或邀请时一般比较委婉）；四忌答非所问（与问话不相关的选项可排除，分清相近选项，如 With pleasure.“我很乐意。”和 My pleasure./It s a pleasure.“不用谢;不客气。”）。要避免此类错误，我们不仅要分析语境，理解

2、交际场合和意图，还要在平时的学习中积累常用功能意念交际项目的常用表达。部分常用表达归纳如下：1.问候 类型 常用表达 直接问候 与应(1)How are you？你好吗？Im fine/OK,thanks/thank you.我很好，谢谢。(2)Nice to meet/see you.很高兴见到你。Nice to meet/see you,too.我也很高兴见到你。(3)Hows it going?/How are you doing?/How is everything going?/How is everything 答 with you?/How are you getting on?

3、/Whats up？近来可好？Pretty good./Very well./Everything is OK./Not bad.非常好。/一切都很好。/马马虎虎。间接问候 与应答 Say hi/hello to./Please give my regards/best wishes to./Please remember me to.向问好。/请代我向问好。Of course./Sure/Thanks,I will.当然。/当然/谢谢，我会的。2.感谢 类型 常用表达 感谢(1)Thanks(a lot)./Thank you(very/so much)./Many thanks.（非常）感

4、谢。(2)Thanks/Thank you for.(因)感谢你。(3)Its very kind/nice of you.你真是太好了。(4)Thanks.That would be nice.谢谢，那太好了。(5)Thank you all the same.还是得感谢你。(常用于应答别人实际上没帮上忙时)应答(1)Youre welcome./Not at all./Thats all right./Thats OK./Dont mention it./My pleasure./Its a pleasure.不用谢。/不客气。(2)Im glad you like it.我很高兴你喜欢它

5、。（常用于应答别人感谢你送的礼物时）3.道歉 类型 常用表达 道歉 Sorry./Im sorry./Im sorry for/that.抱歉。/我很抱歉 应答 Thats all right./Thats OK./Not at all./Never mind./It doesnt matter./Its nothing.没关系。4.邀请 类型 常用表达 邀请(1)Will/Would/Can/Could you come to.？你能来吗？(2)Would you like to.？你愿意(想要)吗？(3)May I invite you to.？我可以邀请你吗？接受邀请(1)Sure/Ye

6、s,Id love/like to.是的，我愿意。(2)Yes.Its very kind/nice of you.是的，你真是太好了。(3)That would be nice.那太好了。拒绝邀请 (1)No,thanks/thank you.不，谢谢。(2)Id love/like to,but.我很乐意，但是 5.请求允许 类型 常用表达 请求允许(1)May/Can/Could I.？我可以吗？(2)Can/Could/Will/Would you please.？请你好吗？/你能吗？(3)Would you mind(not).？你介意吗？/请你不要好吗？(4)I wonder if

7、 I can/could.我想知道我能否 肯定应答(1)Yes./Sure./Certainly.当然可以。(2)Of course,you can.当然了，你可以的。(3)Yes,do please./Go ahead,please.是的，请。/请吧。(4)OK./All right.好的。(5)Certainly not./Of course not./Not at all.当然不介意。/一点也不介意。(常用于应答以上第 3 句)否定应答 (1)Im afraid not.恐怕不行。(2)Youd better not./Better not.(你)最好不要。(常用于应答以上第 3 句)(

8、3)Im sorry(，but)you cant.很抱歉，（但）你不能(4)Im afraid its not allowed.恐怕这是不允许的。(5)Sorry,Im afraid I cant.抱歉，我恐怕不行。（6）Sorry,I/we wont do it again.抱歉，我/我们不那样做了。(常用于应答由Would you mind not.?提出的请求)6.寻求帮助 类型 常用表达 寻求帮助 Can you help me?/Can you give me a hand?/Can you do me a favor？你可以帮助我吗？肯定应答 Sure./Certainly./Of

9、 course./No problem./With pleasure.当然可以。/没问题。/我很乐意。否定应答 Sorry,Im afraid I cant.抱歉，我恐怕不行。7.提供帮助 类型 常用表达 提供帮助(1)Can I help you？我可以帮忙吗？(2)What can I do for you？我能为你做些什么？(3)Would you like me to help you？要我帮你吗？(4)Let me help you.让我来帮你。肯定应答(1)Yes,please.好的，请吧。(2)Yes,thanks.好的，谢谢。(3)Thanks.That would be ni

10、ce.谢谢，那太好了。否定应答(1)No,thanks/thank you.不用，谢谢。(2)Thats very nice of you.But I can manage it myself.你真好。但是我自己能处理（应付得来）。(3)No,I can do it,but thank you all the same.不用，我可以自己做，但还是得感谢你。8.建议&劝告、警告&禁止 类型 常用表达 建议&劝告(1)What/How about.？怎么样？(2)Why not./Why dont you.？为什么不？(3)Shall we.？我们好吗？(4)Lets.让我们(5)Youd bet

11、ter(not).你最好（不要）(6)You should/shouldnt.你(不)应当(7)Remember to.记得去 警告&禁止(1)You mustnt.不准/禁止(2)Dont.不要 肯定应答(1)Sounds great/good./Good idea./Thats/Its a good idea./All right./OK.听起来不错。/好主意。/那是个好主意。/好的。（以上常用于应答别人提出的建议）(2)Why not?为什么不呢？(3)I cant wait.我等不及了。(4)OK,I will.好的，我会的。（常用于应答以上第 7 句）(5)Thanks for yo

12、ur advice.谢谢你的建议。否定应答 Sorry,I wont.对不起，我不会了。（常用于应答别人发出的警告）9.祝愿&祝贺 类型 适用场合 常用表达 祝愿&祝贺 要去参加考试或比赛时 Good luck(to you)!/I wish you success!祝你好运！/祝你成功！取得好成绩时 Congratulations!/Well done!/Good job!恭喜你！/干得好!要去旅行或参加聚会时 Have a good/great/nice/pleasant time/trip./Enjoy yourself./Have fun.旅途愉快。/玩得开心。过生日时 Happy b

13、irthday!生日快乐！应答 Thanks./Thank you.谢谢！应答公共节日 过春节、圣诞节等公共节日时 Merry Christmas!圣诞节快乐！Thanks.You too./The same to you.谢谢，你也一样。10.赞美 类型 常用表达 赞美(1)You look nice in red.你穿红色衣服很漂亮。(2)Your new watch is cool.你的新手表很炫。(3)The cake tastes so delicious.蛋糕太美味了。应答 Thanks./Thank you.谢谢。11.情感 类型 常用表达 高兴(1)How wonderful!

14、太棒了！(2)Im pleased/glad to know/hear that.知道/听闻那事我很高兴。满意 Good!/Well done!/Perfect!/Thats fine./Thats good enough.好！/干得好！/完美！/那很好。/那足够好了。忧虑&应答 忧虑：(1)Im afraid its too hard/difficult.恐怕这个太难了。(2)I am/feel nervous.我感觉很紧张。应答：(1)Come on.You can do it.加油。你可以的。(2)Take it easy.别着急。(3)Dont worry.不要担心。遗憾(1)Im s

15、o sorry.很抱歉。(2)Its a great pity.太遗憾了。(3)What a pity/shame!真遗憾！同情（1）Im sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我很难过。（2）Thats/Its too bad.那太糟糕了。12.打算 类型 常用表达 打算与应答(1)What are you going to do tonight？今晚你打算干什么？Not much.没什么事。(2)Will you go.？你将去吗？Im afraid not.我恐怕不去。13.观点&看法 类型 常用表达 观点&看法(1)What do you think of.?/How do

16、 you like.?/How do you feel about.？你认为怎么样？(2)How was.？怎么样？应答 (1)Great./Wonderful./Fantastic.很好。/很精彩。/了不起。(2)It was great./They are wonderful.它太棒了。/它们太完美了。(3)I love them(very much)./I dont mind them./I cant stand them.我（非常）喜欢它们。/我不介意它们。/我忍受不了它们。14.天气、日期 类型 常用表达 询问天气与应答 Whats the weather like today?/H

17、ows the weather today？今天天气怎么样？Its fine/cloudy/windy/rainy/.晴天/多云/有风/下雨/询问日期与应答(1)What day is it today？今天是星期几？Its Monday.星期一。(2)Whats the date today？今天是几号？Its June 1st.6 月 1 日。15.打电话 类型 常用表达 打电话方(1)Could/May/Can I speak to.,please？请找接电话，好吗？(2)Whos that(speaking)？你是哪一位？(3)This is.(speaking).我是(4)Hello

18、,is that.(speaking)？你好，你是吗？(5)Id like to speak to.我想找(6)Could you ask him/her to call me back？您能让他/她给我回电话吗？(7)Im calling you to tell/ask you to.我打电话给你是想告诉/要你 接电话方(1)Speaking,please.请讲。(2)Hold on(for a moment),please.请稍等。(3)This is.(speaking).我是(4)Im sorry/afraid he/she isnt in at the moment/right no

19、w.对不起，他/她现在不在。(5)Can I take a message？要我传个口信吗？16.就餐 类型 常用表达 询问(1)What would you like(to have)？你想要(吃/喝)些什么？(2)Would you like something to eat/drink？你想吃/喝点什么吗？(3)Help yourself to.请随便吃/喝点 同意(1)Id like rice and chicken.我要米饭和鸡肉。(2)A cup of tea,please.请给我一杯茶。(3)Yes,some noodles,please.是的，来点面。(4)Yes,Id lik

20、e a drink.是的，我要一杯饮料。(5)Just a little,please.只要一点点。拒绝(1)No,thank you.(Ive had enough.)不用了，谢谢。(我已经吃饱了。)(2)Im full,thank you.我饱了，谢谢。17.购物 类型 常用表达 寒暄语 Can I help you?/What can I do for you？有什么可以帮您的吗？Yes,please.好的。营业员(1)How many/much.do you want？您想要多少？(2)What kind/color/size do you like/want？你喜欢/想要什么种类/颜

21、色/尺寸的？(3)What/How about this？这个怎么样？(4)Here you are.给你。顾客(1)I want/would like to buy some.(for.)我想（为）买一些(2)Im looking for.我正在找(3)Have you got any other kind/color/size？你们还有其他种类/颜色/尺寸的吗？(4)That looks nice/great.看起来不错。(5)How much is it?(=How much does it cost?)/How much are they？这个/这些多少钱？(6)Can/May I t

22、ry it/them on？我能试一试吗？18.看病 类型 常用表达 医生(1)Whats the matter/trouble(with you)?/Whats wrong(with you)?/Whats up？你怎么了？(2)How long have you been like this？你像这样多久了？(3)Theres nothing serious.不要紧/不严重。(4)Youd better have a good rest.你最好好好休息。(5)Take this medicine and stay in bed for a few days.吃这个药并卧床休息几天。(6)Y

23、ou will get better soon.你会很快好起来的。病人(1)I have a headache/stomachache/toothache/cold/cough/sore throat.我头痛/胃痛/牙疼/感冒了/咳嗽/喉咙痛。(2)Im not feeling well./I dont feel very well./I feel terrible/bad.我感觉不舒服。(3)Theres something wrong with my.我的不舒服。(4)I hurt my left leg./My left leg hurts.我的左腿受伤了。(5)I cant sleep

24、 well./I didnt get enough sleep.我睡不好。/我睡眠不够。【考点训练】1.It is very nice of you to help me _.（）A.I agree B.Not yet C.My pleasure D.No way2.Would you like to see a movie with me tonight?_.I have to do chores.（）A.Good luck B.Lets go C.No problem D.Im afraid not 3.My parents will bring me to Shanghai Disney

25、land the day after tomorrow._.（）A.Im sorry to hear that B.Its my pleasure C.Best wishes to you D.Have a good trip 4.Im sorry.I broke your tea cup._.I have another one at home.（）A.It doesnt matter B.Youd better not C.My pleasure D.Its too bad 5.Im very nervous the night before the big exam._.Im sure

26、you can make it.（）A.Take it easy B.Take your time C.Go ahead D.Enjoy yourself 6.You were amazing today!Well done!_.（）A.All right B.Thank you C.Not yet D.Of course 7.I had a pleasant winter vacation with my family in the north._.（）A.Oh,thats nice of you.B.Enjoy yourself!C.Well done!D.Glad to hear tha

27、t.8.Lets go to the movie after the test._.（）A.Not at all B.Never mind C.It doesnt matter D.Good idea 答案：CDDAABDD【中考示例】(2017广西)Sorry for being late._.()A.Thats sure.B.Here you are.C.Never mind.D.Certainly.【解析】考查情景交际。问句句意：抱歉迟到了。A 项意为“那是真的”；B 项意为“给你”；C 项意为“没关系”；D 项意为“当然”。由语境可知 C 项符合题意。【考题热身】1.(2017云南)H

28、ello,is that Molly speaking?_.（）A.Youre welcome B.Speaking,please C.This way,please D.Glad to hear that 2.(2017云南)_?I want to buy a pair of sports shoes.（）A.Whats wrong B.What can I do for you C.How much is it D.What does it look like 3.(2017云南)Dont throw rubbish everywhere,please.Building a civiliz

29、ed(文明的)city is our duty._.（）A.OK,I will B.You are joking C.Take it easy D.Sorry,I wont 4.(2017云南)Its a little cold.Would you mind closing the window?_.I will do it right away.（）A.Forget it B.No,you cant C.Not at all D.Of course 5.(2017武汉)How is everything going?_.（）A.Everything is finished B.Nothing

30、 has been done C.Not so bad，you know D.Not doing wrong，you see 6.(2017甘肃)Do you think its going to rain this afternoon?_.Were just planning to have a picnic later this afternoon.（）A.I hope not B.I expect so C.Yes，it was D.No，I wont 7.(2017天津)We have won the first prize in the match!_.（）A.Never mind.

31、B.Nice work!C.Have a good trip!D.Wait a moment!8.(2017荆州)Its nearly lunch time.How about having some noodles and dumplings?_.（）A.Youre welcome B.Thats right C.Thats nice of you D.That sounds good 9.(2017苏州)Hes too short to be a successful basketball player._.Every dog has its day.（）A.I think so B.It

32、s hard to say C.Thats right D.Youd better not 10.(2017长春)Would you like to go to the movies with me this Sunday?_.Ill be free that day.（）A.Sorry,I cant B.Yes,I do C.Yes,Id love to D.No,I wouldnt 11.(2017盐城)I had a very good time at the charity show.Thanks for your invitation._.（）A.All right B.You ar

33、e welcome C.Good luck to you D.Not too bad 12.(2017泰州)Mum,Ill take an important test tomorrow.Dont be nervous._,Sandy!（）A.Good luck B.Good idea C.Well done D.Have a good time 13.(2017滨州)Our team lost the basketball game and I feel very sad._.I believe you can do better next time.（）A.Its right B.Its

34、exciting C.Its not a big deal D.Its not a good idea 14.(2017温州)Mum,Im going to school now.See you._,Mary.（）A.Here we go B.Wait a moment C.My pleasure D.Have a nice day 15.(2017上海)_ Congratulations!（）A.Sorry for breaking the glass.B.How are you feeling today?C.I was awarded first prize in the writing contest.D.Why not take the underground to the university?答案：BBDCCABDBCBACDC