英语常用口语及语法句型.pdf

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1、 .1/13 常用口语：1.Im not myself！我烦透了！2.Dont bother me！别烦我！3.Give me five more minutes,please.再给我五分钟时间，好吗？4.How did you sleep?你睡的怎么样？5.Dont hog the bathroom!别占着卫生间了！6.Dont hog the shower!别占着浴室了！7.Dont hog my girlfriend!别缠着我的女朋友了！8.Get outta there!快出来！9.I will treat you.我请客。10.What are you in the mood for

2、?你想吃什么？11.Who is gonna drive?/Whos driving?谁来开车？12.You know what I mean?你明白我的意思吗？13.Could you run that by me again?.2/13 你能再说一遍吗？14.So what you are trying to say is.那么，你想说的是 15.Whadja do last night?昨晚你干嘛去了？Whadja=What did you 16.Didja have a good time?玩的开心吗？didja=did you 17.Where wouldja like to go

3、tonight?今晚你想上哪儿？Wouldja=Would you 18.I am running late.我要迟到了。19.Ive gotta get outta here.我得离开这儿了。20.Ive gotta catch the bus.我要去赶公共汽车了。21.gotta=got to wanna=want to gonna=going to 22.Yotaxi!嗨，出租车！23.Where to?(你)要去哪儿？.3/13 24.I want to go to.我要到地方去。25.What do I owe you?我该付你多少钱？26.Let me out here.让我在这儿

4、下车。27.HI!Whats up,buddy?嗨！还好吗？伙计？28.Whatcha been doing?这些日子在干什么呢？Whatcha=What have you 29.How ya been?这些日子过的怎么样？How ya been=How have you been?30.Im fine.我很好。31.Do I have any messages?有人给我留言吗？32.Whats on the schedule for today?今天有哪些日程安排？33.Has the boss come in yet?老板来了吗？34.Hello!This is Hogan,is Will

5、iam in?.4/13 你好！我是 Hogan,请问 William 在吗？35.May I take your message?He is not in.他现在不在。我可以为你留言吗？接下来是一些常用口语的语法结构，希望对大家有帮助。What/How about+N/V-ing?结构WhatHow about名词动名词？说明此句型意为“如何？”。这是徵求对方意见或提议的委婉说法。What about the name Smith?史密斯这个名字怎么样？What about going to a movie?去看场电影如何？What about lending me some money?借

6、点钱给我如何？What about washing the car on Sunday?礼拜天洗车怎么样？How about the others?剩余的怎么样？How about a drink?来一杯吧？How about a cup of coffee at a nearby coffee shop?去附近的咖啡屋喝杯咖啡吧？What if.?.5/13 结构What if主词动词 说明此句型意为“如果的话怎么办呢？”。但经常用於反语，有时也变成“即使也没关系”之意。What if it is true?如果这是真的又该如何呢？What if he doesnt agree?如果他不同意

7、该怎么办呢？What if he comes back now?如果他现在回来怎么办？What if the boys parents should die?如果那男孩的父母死了该怎么办呢？What if I fail!即使我失败了又怎样！What.for?结构What助动词主词动词for？说明此句型意为“为什么？”。相当於“For what？”What are you running for?你为什么在跑步？What do you want it for?你为什么要那个？What did they go there for?他们为什么去那里？.6/13 How else.?结构How els

8、e助动词主词助动词？说明此句型意为“还有别的方法吗？”。How else should a father in this modern world express his affection and concern for his own son?现代这个世界上，父亲还应该有别的方法来对自己的儿子表示爱护和关心吗？How else can the doctor save him?医院还有别的方法可以救他吗？How else can I apologize for her?我还能有别的方法可以向她道歉吗？.whether/if.结构主要子句whetherif子句 说明此句型意为“是否”。口语中使

9、用 if 较为普遍。如果子句中带有 or not 等词，则只能用 whether；另外，whether 不能引导否定的间接，而 if 则可以。He asked me the question whether the price was too high.他问我价格是否太高。They asked him whether the quality is fine or not.他们问他质量是否好。Tell me whether you like this color.告诉我你喜不喜欢这种颜色。Tell me if it doesnt rain.告诉我是否下不了雨。Ask him if it is t

10、rue.问他那是不是真的。.7/13 I wonder if he is in the school.我想知道他是否在学校。Do you know if/where.结构一般疑问句疑问词（whatwherewhen 等）子句 说明此句为双重。疑问词后面採用正常词序，不用倒装词序。Can you tell me where the teacher has gone?你能告诉我老师到哪里去了吗？Have you any idea where he comes from?他是哪里人，您知道不知道？Do you know if they like this new item?你知道他们是否喜欢这个新品

11、种？Do you know who wants to go with me?你知道谁想跟我一起去吗？Do you know when the train will leave?你知道火车何时开吗？Can you tell me how much you earn a month?你能告诉我你一个月赚多少吗？He is.,is he?结构肯定式述句肯定式反问句 说明这种疑问的前后一致，都是肯定式结构。后一部分进一步强调前一部分的容，是不需要回答的一种修辞方式。We are old friends,not strangers,right?.8/13 我们是老朋友了，不是陌生人，是吗？Hes a c

12、apable businessman,is he?他是一位很有能力的业务员，可不是吗？So you come importing Chinese textiles,do you?原来你是来进口中国纺织品的，是么？So youve been to Shanghai,have you?原来你去过，是吧？.what.?结构疑问词（在句中任何位置上）说明疑问词不是位於句子开头，而是在句子中任何位置上，这种方法十分简单，因此在口语中经常出现。Two times what number makes ten?什么数的两倍是十？You will go where?你要到哪里去？You are twenty-w

13、hat this year?你今年二十几岁？Hes your who?他是你什么人？Are you.or.?结构一般疑问句（读升调）or一般疑问句（读降调）说明此句型意为“是还是？。这是选择，前面都是一般，后面的问句如与前面有相同的部分，都可以省略。.9/13 Shall we come to see you or will you come to see us?是我们来找你们，还是你们来找我们？Are you from the America or from the England?您是美国人还是英国人？Will he go on Monday or on Tuesday?他是星期一走还是星

14、期二走？Would you like coffee or tea?你是要咖啡还是茶？What.,+A or B?结构特殊疑问句(读降调)，A（读升调）or B（读降调）说明这种选择使用得相当广泛，其特点是：前面的特殊已经明确地指出了要问的容，再补充几项具体事物让对方做出肯定的答覆。其语调是“降-升-降”调。What would you like coffee or tea?你要什么？咖啡还是茶？Which would you rather to buy silk or cotton?您想买什么？丝还是棉？Where did you go:to Tianjin or to Beijing?您去了

15、哪里？还是？When will you go to the Fair,tomorrow or some other day?你何时去交易会？明天还是另找哪一天？.what/which.结构主要子句疑问词（whathowwhichwhy 等）子句 .10/13 说明这是间接。疑问词后面的语句採用正常词序，不採用特殊所用的倒装词序。全句末尾大多用句点，但也有用问号的。直接问句改为间接问句或间接句时，原先的要改为肯定句或的顺序；如 will，should，would，must，may，can 等，须照抄，不可去掉；如 do，does，did，必须去掉，再将它后面的原形改为适当的形式。Id like

16、to know how old the manager is.我想知道经理有多大年纪。He inquired how it was done.他问这事做得怎么样了。Please advise me which item I should buy.请问我该先买哪个品种。Tell me why it is so important?告诉我为什么此事这么重要？They do not know what the words mean.他们不知道这些字的意思是什么。Tell me what happened yesterday.告诉我昨天所发生的事。What they talked about is w

17、hat we want to know.他们谈论什么是我们所想要知道的事。She washed her hair every night and measured how much it grew in a week.她每晚洗头发，而且量量看一星期长多少。You will never know how much your encouragement meant to me.你决不会知道你的鼓励对我多么有意义。You are.,arent you?结构肯定句，否定式助动词主词？.11/13 说明这是一种反意，其结构特点是：第一部分是肯定式，第二部分就用否定式。直述句的是时，附加问句的要用代替：i

18、t 代替 this，that，(当)或(当)等；they 代替 these，those，people 等。以下的否定缩写式较易弄错：will notwont；would not wouldnt；should notshouldnt；can notcant；could notcouldnt；might notmightnt；ought notoughtnt。直述句有一般现在式，则附加问句用 do 或 does 代替；有一般过去式，则附加问句用 did 代替。Theyre ready,arent they?（读降调）他们准备好了吧？（读升调）他们准备好了，不是吗？Mike has a car,do

19、esnt he?（读降调）麦克有辆车，是吧？（读升调）麦克有辆车，不是吗？The secretary typed the letter,didnt she?是祕书打了这封信，不是吗？They will go to Europe,wont they?他们将去欧洲，不是吗？You are the teacher,arent you?你就是老师，不是吗？I suppose you have been in our woods,havent you?我推想你在我们的森林里呆过，不是吗？I know he had a good time last night,didnt he?我知道他昨天晚上玩得很愉快

20、，不是吗？The wall plug is broken,isnt it?墙上的插座坏了，不是吗？Clean parks are beautiful,arent they?乾净的公园是美丽的，不是吗？You can do it,cant you?.12/13 你会做它，不是吗？We should rise early,shouldnt we?我们应该早起，不是吗？He isnt.,is he?结构否定句，肯定式助动词主词？说明这是另一种反意。否定结构在第一部分，第二部分就要用肯定结构。对反意的回答和对否定式一般一样，要看答句。He isnt a manager,is he?-Yes,he is

21、.(No,he isnt.)他不是经理，是吧？不，他是经理。（是的，他不是经理。）Mike doesnt have a car,does he?麦克没有车，是吗？The secretary didnt type the letter,did she?祕书没有打过这封信，是吗？They wont go to Europe,will they?他们不会去欧洲，是吗？You arent the teacher,are you?你不是老师，是吗？I dont think he can answer the question,can he?我想他无法回答这个问题，是吗？What in the world

22、.?结构疑问词in the worldon earthever其他 说明此句型意为“究竟？到底？”。这是特殊的强调说法。in the world，.13/13 on earth 和 ever 是强调疑问词的。How in the world will he do it?他到底将如何做这件事？What in the world do you mean?你的意思究竟是什么？How on earth did you know it?你到底是怎么知道的？Who on earth told you that?那件事究竟是谁告诉你的？Where ever did you lose it?你到底在哪儿丢的呀？What in the world are they hoping for?他们到底想要什么？