高考英语冲刺——保温试题_4.pdf

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1、2020 届高三英语保温试题(八)第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。A Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman 1 (win)the Noble Prize,and the first person to win it 2 (two).However,few people know that she was also the mo

2、ther of a Nobel Prize winner.3 (bear)in September,1897,Irene Curie was the first of the Curies two daughters.Along with nine other children 4 parents were also famous scholars,Irene studied in their own school,and her mother was one of the teachers.B In order to enrich our school life,English Salon

3、will hold an English Writing Competition,the theme of which is“Learn to be grateful”.Why should we be grateful and who shall we give our thanks to?Here Id like to share my ideas 5 you.I believe society will become more harmonious 6 everyone is grateful to it.So long as everyone has got a grateful he

4、art to our parents,teachers and friends,love and happiness 7 (greet)us every day.C Cities usually have a good reason for being 8 they are,like a nearby port or river.People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade.New York City,for examp

5、le,is near a large harbor at the mouth of the Hudson River.Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 8 million.But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time.Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight.In 1896,Dawson,Canada,was unmapped wilderness.But 9 (discover)in 1897,and

6、two years later,it was one of the largest 10 (city)in the West,with a population of 30,000.第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。As an engineering student,I had a degree and three good job offers.I cant help trembling when I hear about studies that sh

7、ow that women are at a 11 when it comes to math.However,I discovered:just because a subject is 12 to learn,it does not 13 you are not good at it.You just have to grit your teeth and work harder to get good at it.14 you do,theres a strong chance you will enjoy it more than anything else.In eighth gra

8、de I took algebra(代数学).On one test I got only 36 percent of the 15 answers.I failed the next one,too.I started to 16 that maybe Im just not good at this.I was lucky enough to have a teacher who didnt take my bad grades as a judgment of my 17,but 18 as an indication that I should study more.He 19 me

9、aside and told me he knew I could do better.He let me 20 the tests,and I pulled my grade up to an A.2020 届高三英语保温试题(八)I studied a lot in college,too.I had moments of fear while sitting below the buzzing fluorescent lights in the 21 library on Saturday afternoons,when I 22 that the estrogen(雌性激素)in my

10、 body was 23 me from understanding thermodynamics(热力学).But the 24 in my classes had to work just as hard,and I knew that I couldnt 25 to lose confidence in myself.I didnt want to choose between my femininity(女性)and a good career.26 I reminded myself that those 27,the ones that say that math comes mo

11、re naturally to men,are faulty.Heres a secret:math and science dont go 28 to most people.No one was 29 born knowing calculus.A woman can learn anything a man can,but first she needs to know that she can do it,and that takes a leap of 30 .It also helps to have selective hearing.11.A.difficulty B.disa

12、dvantage C.trouble D.discomfort 12.A.enjoyable B.humorous C.simple D.difficult 13.A.sign B.state C.mean D.exhibit 14.A.Once B.Where C.Although D.Until 15.A.wrong B.complete C.correct D.missing 16.A.think B.suggest C.choose D.decide 17.A.activities B.simply C.slightly D.normally 18.A.extremely B.simp

13、ly C.slightly D.normally 19.A.pulled B.led C.knocked D.pushed 20.A.design B.attend C.desert D.retake 21.A.chemistry B.engineering C.biology D.geography 22.A.worried B.excited C.disturbed D.astonished 23.A.protecting B.awaking C.preventing D.attempting 24.A.girls B.boys C.students D.professors 25.A.a

14、fford B.encourage C.persuade D.manage 26.A.Also B.But C.Furthermore D.So 27.A.studies B.explorations C.performances D.experiments 28.A.actively B.easily C.actually D.gradually 29.A.never B.ever C.even D.often 30.A.honesty B.knowledge C.reality D.faith 第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）阅读

15、下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Sometimes the things that we believe are holding our families together really arent.Need proof?Let me share our story.My family is a fairly typical American foursome.Ten years ago,we moved into our dream house a spacious,three-story historic home thinki

16、ng it would bring us the joy we desired.It was a beautiful place,but as our children grew up,our sense of togetherness began to fade away.In the big dream house,we scattered in different directions.One day,my 14-year-old daughter,Hannah,became upset about the differences between the worlds haves and

17、 the have-nots.She challenged us to be“a family that makes a difference in the world,even if its a small difference.”My wife,Joan,asked her,“What are you willing to sacrifice?Your house?Your room?”Hannah said yes to both.After talking it over as a family,we decided to sell our house and move to one

18、2020 届高三英语保温试题(八)that was half its size and price and donate the money to charity.First,we needed to figure out where our money would go,a process that took about a year.We finally chose the Hunger Project,a U.S.-based nonprofit that works with villagers in Africa,Asia and South America and helps th

19、em move from poverty to self-reliance.Before we downsized,we were a little worried.Had we made too big a sacrifice?Two years later,I can tell you:Its the best move we have ever made.As we worked together on our family project,those interconnected moments became more frequent.The more we shared,the m

20、ore we laughed,teased and bonded.As Hannah said the other day,“We learned how to really trust each other.”We dont expect anyone else to copy what we did and sell their home.But most people can find some commodity in their lives they could give up,whether its time(halving the hours of TV you watch ea

21、ch week and volunteering instead?)or stuff(donating half the clothes in your closet?).Like us,your family could set out to make a small difference in the world and transform yourselves in the process.31.Why couldnt the dream house bring the author the happiness as he had expected?A.Because the dream

22、 house was too big for his family.B.Because his children didnt like the dream house at all.C.Because the happy family feeling of closeness became less strong.D.Because his children grew up and wanted to be independent.32.It can be inferred from the passage that Hannah _.A.was reluctant to give up he

23、r house B.was a very sympathetic person C.showed no concern about the poor D.thought individuals had little effect on the world 33.It can be implied that.A.the family regretted selling his house and giving money away.B.the family made a well-considered decision to donate the money.C.the feeling of t

24、ogetherness was gained again by living in a smaller house.D.the Hunger Project aims to help the poor by continually giving them money.34.In order to make a difference in the world,the author calls on other families _.A.to start to do what they can B.to copy their behaviour C.to donate their possessi

25、ons D.to transform themselves B More than half of rich Americans have not shown their full wealth to their children,a new survey showed last Tuesday.The survey,published by the Bank of America,studied the rich with$3 million or more in assets(资产).It found that“surprisingly few of those surveyed have

26、 well-developed plans to preserve and pass on their assets to their children”.The majority of the 457 people surveyed are self-made,first-generation rich.Fifty-two percent of parents have chosen not to tell their children just how wealthy they are,and 15 percent have given away nothing about the fam

27、ily wealth.One in 2020 届高三英语保温试题(八)three parents said they had never thought to do it.They are worried that their children would become lazy,spend money freely,make bad decisions and even become a target for gold diggers.Only 34 percent strongly agreed that their children would be able to handle any

28、 inheritance(遗产)they plan to leave them.“There is an expectation about the wealthy parents that they have a responsibility to pass down their fortune to the next generation,”said Sallie Krawcheck,president of the Bank of America Global Wealth and Investment Management.“Our research,however,uncovered

29、 changing views of what one generation owes to the next.”The trend is led by the worlds richest man Bill Gates,who promised in 2008 that he would leave his$58 billion fortune to the charity started by him and his wife,the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation,and not to his children.“We want to give it

30、back to society in the way that it will have the most positive impact,”he said.Of his plans for his children,Gates said:“I will give the kids some money but not a meaningful percentage they will need to work but they will feel reasonably taken care of.”35.We can learn from the passage that.A.rich pa

31、rents may not know how to manage their inheritance B.American children dont get to inherit their parents wealth C.rich parents dont necessarily equal rich kids,at least in the US D.poor children dont expect themselves to be as rich as their parents 36.According to the survey,most rich Americans.A.do

32、nt think that they owe their children anything B.consider it best to give their money back to society C.worry about the ability of their children to handle wealth D.are strongly confident in their childrens ability to handle wealth 37.The underlined word“they”in Paragraph 5 refers to.A.rich parents

33、B.the Bill Gates C.the first rich generation D.responsible children C Unusual incidents are being reported across the Arctic.Inuit(因纽特人)families going off on snowmobiles to prepare their summer hunting camps have found themselves cut off from home by a sea of mud.There are also reports of sea ice br

34、eaking up earlier than usual,carrying seals beyond the reach of hunters.Climate change may still be a rather abstract idea to most of us,but in the Arctic it is already having great effects if summertime ice continues to shrink at its present rate,the Arctic Ocean could soon become almost ice-free i

35、n summer.The knock-on effects are likely to include more warming,cloudier skies,and higher sea levels.Scientists are increasingly eager to find out whats going on in the Arctic.For the Inuit the problem is urgent.They live in unsteady balance with one of the toughest environments on earth.Climate ch

36、ange,whatever its causes,is a direct danger to their way of life.Nobody knows the Arctic as well as the locals,which is 2020 届高三英语保温试题(八)why they are not content simply to stand back and let outsider experts tell them whats happening.In Canada,where the Inuit people are trying hard to guard their ha

37、rd-won autonomy in the countrys newest land,Nunavut,they believe their best hope of survival in this changing environment lies in combining their ancestral knowledge with the best of modern science.This is challenge in itself.The Canadian Arctic is a vast,treeless polar desert thats covered with sno

38、w for most of the year.Adventure into this area and you get some idea of the hardships facing anyone who calls this home.Farming is out of the question and nature offers few pickings.Humans first settled in the Arctic a mere 4,500 years ago,surviving by taking advantage of sea fish.The environment t

39、ested them to the limits:sometimes the settlers were successful,sometimes they failed and disappeared.But around a thousand years ago,one group appeared that was uniquely well adapted to deal with the Arctic environment.These Thule people moved in from Alaska,bringing dogs,iron tools and the like.Th

40、ey are the ancestors of todays Inuit people.38.Which of the following is not likely to be the effect of climate change?A.Shorter and shorter summertime.B.Ice-free summer around the Arctic.C.Higher sea levels.D.More cloudy skies.39.The Inuit people believe the solution to the climate change problem i

41、s _.A.to change their way of life B.to use their ancestral knowledge C.to make the best of modern science D.to use their ancestral knowledge and modern science 40.It can be concluded from the last paragraph that _.A.the first settlers in the Arctic survived by taking advantage of sea fish B.its hard

42、 to farm in the Arctic due to the climate change C.the ancestors of Inuit people stood out among the settlers D.the Thule people from Alaska invented iron tools 41.Which of the following is the best title of this passage?A.Climate Change and the Inuit B.Climate Change around the Arctic C.Global Warm

43、ing around the World D.The Inuit and Their Ancestors D If you try to explain to someone,without using pictures,how to build the building that you have designed,it would take an enormous amount of writing and might end up with a very funny-looking building.The architect uses pictures called details t

44、o show how many hundreds of parts go together to form a complete building.This type of drawing is called drafting and is done by people called draftsmen.Draftsmen make up the largest group of the architectural offices work force.Because of the wide range of duties they perform,draftsmen are sometime

45、s called architectural technicians.In a typical office,there are not only career draftsmen but also architectural graduates working as junior draftsmen to learn the trade.Career draftsmen are usually graduates from a two-year junior college called technical school.There was a time when architectural

46、 office used young people right out of high school 2020 届高三英语保温试题(八)as tracers.Their job was to trace over the other peoples details while learning to be a draftsman.This is no longer possible with the fast-pace of architects offices today although a junior draftsman is given guides by the more expe

47、rienced employees.So a good comprehensive architectural drafting course is a must before anyone seeks a job with an architectural firm.The job of the draftsmen is to translate the ideas and directions of architects,designers and engineers into complete and accurate working drawings.These become the

48、plans and details used in the actual construction of a building.The project must be shown in great detail and drawn very clearly,so there is no chance for misunderstanding by the contractors.Every line and figure has an effect on the finished product.As you can see,the draftsman is a key member of t

49、he architectural team.Of course,a junior draftsman is not expected to produce a complete set of working drawings.Depending on the size of the office and difficulty of the project,draftsmen may work in groups.The group leader coordinates the group and works closely with the project architect while th

50、e drawings are being produced.Working conditions are mostly very pleasant as draftsmens work is intense and many people depend on accurate work.Each draftsman has a large combination drawing board and desk with various drawing aids.Almost without exception,members of the architectural team have at o