第三阶段第40天.pdf

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1、第 40 天 不定式（一）学习要点 不定式的形式及在句子中的功用（作主语、宾语、补语）。家教点窍 一、不定式一般为 to+原形动词，在句子中不作谓语。否定式在不定式符号 to 前加 not。二、不定式在句子中可作主语。此时，通常用 it 作形式主语，而真正的主语是不定式部分，常后置。三、不定式可用及物动词的宾语。常用的动词有 wish,hope,learn,agree,begin等。四、不定式可用宾语补足语。在某些感官及使役动词前往往省 to，如 have、see、watch、hear、make等。典型例题 例 1 汉译英。每天从家走到学校共花十分钟。评析 句子的主语是不定式短语（“从家走到学

2、校”，）往往用 it 作形式主语，这种结构专门用于表示“花费时间”的句型，很常用。答案：It takes me ten minutes to go to school from my home.例 2 选择填空。They knew her very well.They had seen her up from a child.评析 宾语补足语不能用谓语动词，必须是非谓语形式，故（B）和（C）是错误的。又因 see,feel,notice等动词，后接动词不定式作补足语时，不定式不带 to。答案：（A）。例 3 用不定式作宾语翻译下面句子。我们认为理解他很困难。评析 不定式作定语，形容词作宾语补足

3、语，常用 it 作形式宾语，而把不定式后置。答案：We think it difficult to understand him.强化训练 一、选择填空。1.Please let us what has happened to him.(A)to know (B)know (C)knowing (D)known 2.Its bad you in the sun.(A)toto read (B)toreading (C)forto read (D)forreading 3.Just a moment please,I need you.(A)speak (B)to tell (C)to spea

4、k (D)to talk to 4.Mr.Smith told the boy late for school again.(A)be not (B)not be to (C)not to be (D)be not to 5.Ill ask someone the windows for me.(A)mending (B)mended (C)mends (C)to mend 6.Youd better .(A)look up the word in the dictionary (B)looking the word up in the dictionary (C)look up the di

5、ctionary (D)to looking the dictionary up 7.There too much work to do tomorrow.(A)seems not to be (B)seems to be not (C)dont seem to be (D)isnt seem to be 8.Mrs.Smith warned her daughter after drinking.(A)Never to drive (B)to never drive (C)never driving (D)never drive 9.Remember your hands before di

6、nner.(A)washing (B)wash (C)to wash (D)not wash 10.Paper is used words on.(A)to write (B)to be written (C)write (D)writing 二、根据括号中的汉语补全下面各个句子。1.It is not easy (天天做件好事)。2.Its good (帮助别人)when theyre in trouble.3.(说)is one thing,to do is quite another.4.Did she agree (为我们打开收音机)？5.Who wants (报名参加)the hig

7、h jump.6.Have you decided (跟我们开个会)？7 I used (起床)late,but now Im used (起床)early.三、根据汉语补全各句的英语译义，每空填一词。1.我们停下来休息一下吧。stop a rest.2我们不希望他迟到。We him late.3 我是第一个来教室的。Im the first the classroom.4 天太晚了，他们不能出去了。Its dark for them .参考答案 一、1(B)2.(C)3.(D)4.(C)5.(D)6.(A)(look up的宾语是词而不是词典)7.(A)8.(A)9.(C)10.(A)二、1 to do a good deed 2.to help others 3.to say 4.to turn on the radio for us 5.to enter for 6.to have a meeting with us 7.to get up,to getting up 三、1.Lets,to have 2.dont want,to be 8.to get to 4.too,to go out