高中英语虚拟语气真题.pdf
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1、1 高中英语虚拟语气真题 单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、Where are the children?The school bus is leaving.I wish they _ always late.AarentBwerentCwouldnt beDhadnt been 答案:B 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:孩子们在哪里?校车就要离开了。我希望他们没有迟到。Wish 后的宾语从句,使用虚拟语气,根据前一句可知,“孩子们在哪里”是叙述现在的事情,因此推断“孩子们不要迟到”是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,谓语动词用一般过去时。故选 B。2、Why didnt you call m
2、e?Oh,my cell-phone ran out of power,otherwise I_ you.Awould callBhad called CcalledDwould have called 答案:D 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:-你为什么不给我打电话?-哦,我的手机没电了,否则我会给你打电话的。英语中当表示条件时没有连词 if,而是用 otherwise、or、but、but for 等形式来表达,这种类型的虚拟语气被称之为含蓄的虚拟条件句。本题中 otherwise 表示“否则”,相当于一个虚拟条件句。由“ran out of power”可知,这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟,所以
3、用“would/should/could/mighthave done”,故选 D。3、for years of hard training,she would not be standing on the stage,receiving huge cheers and applause.2 AIt were notBIt had not been CWere it notDHad it not been.答案:D 解析:考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意:要不是多年的刻苦训练,她不会站在舞台上,获得巨大的欢呼和掌声。根据would 判断此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,虚拟条件句省略 if 可以采用倒装形
4、式替代,If it had been for=Had it not been for 表示“要不是”,故 D 项正确。小提示:本题的解题关键是根据 would 判断此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,虚拟条件句省略 if 从句表示与过去事实相反的假设时,谓语动词形式为 had done,如果省略 if,则操作词 had 倒装,If it had been for=Had it not been for 表示“要不是”。4、When the earthquake happened,it seemed _the world were coming to an end.AthatBas CifDas if
5、 答案:D 解析:考查表语从句。句意:地震发生的时候,好像世界末日到了。A.that 连接词,无意义;B.as 正如,像一样;C.if 是否;D.as if 似乎,好像。分析句子可知,此处引导一个表语从句,根据句意可知,从句使用虚拟语气,所以应用 as if 引导该从句,故选 D 项。5、The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free.Adid;setBhad done;must be set Cshould do;should be setDhad done;be set 3 答案:D 解析:考查时态语态和虚拟语气。句意:这
6、个年轻人坚持说他没有做错,并坚决要求被释放。insist 所接的宾语从句,表示“坚持某种观点或做法”,要使用(should)do 的虚拟语气,但如果表示“坚持认为某件事情的客观存在”,不需要使用虚拟。所以,本题第一空表示“坚持认为没有做错”不用虚拟,做错这件事情先于坚持发生,所以是过去的过去需要用过去完成时。第二空则表示“坚持要求被释放”需要用虚拟语气,即(should)do 的形式。他与释放的关系为被动关系,即(should)be set free。故选 D。6、Which of the following is Wrong?ABut for his help,I wouldnt have
7、done such a wonderful job in English.BHis house,all the windows of which face south,enjoys great sunshine.CNot until the result turned out to be so serious that he realized his fault.DIt is at this moment that he made the most important decision in his life.答案:C 解析:考查倒装句。A 项考查虚拟语气。but for his help 是
8、含蓄条件句,表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,主句用would have done,故 A 项正确;B 项是定语从句。which 指代 house,从句中作介词 of 的宾语,指物,用关系代词 which,故 B 项正确;D 项是强调句型,去掉 it isthat,句子 at this moment he made the most important decision in his life.是完整的句子,故 D 项正确。C 项 Not until the result turned out to be so serious 置句首,主句用倒装句,that 改为助动词 did,故 C 项错误。故
9、选 C。7、If Lincoln had lived,it_ be that his postwar policies would have brought criticism upon him that would_ his reputation.Amight as well have tarnishedBmight well have tarnished 4 Cmight as well tarnishDmight well tarnish 答案:B 解析:考查固定搭配。句意:如果林肯还活着的话,他的战后政策也许很可能会给他带来有损他名望的批评。might as well 意为“也可以,倒
10、不如”,might well 意为“有可能”,根据句意,故排除 A、C 项错误;根据 If Lincoln had lived 是虚拟语气,意为“如果林肯还活着”,表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,主句使用了 would have+过去分词虚拟语气,故 B 正确。8、The project _ possible had the relations of the two countries not reached their current level.AwerentBwerent to beCshouldnt beDwouldnt have been 答案:D 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:这个项目不
11、会那么成功,假如两国之间的关系不像现在这么好的话。分析句子可知,此处考查 if 的虚拟语气,表示与过去事实相反的假设。if 被省略,从句进行了半倒装。根据句意“如果在过去两国的关系不像现在这么好的话,这个项目过去就不会那么成功”。对过去的虚拟主句用 would have done,从句用过去完成时。故选 D 项。9、“If no one the rubbish,”an environmentalist pointed out,“the street would soon become dirty,the number of rats would increase,and the disease
12、 would spread.”AcollectsBwill collectCis to collectDwere to collect 答案:D 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:一位环保人士指出,如果没有人收拾垃圾,街道很快就会变脏,老鼠的数量就会增加,疾病就会传播。根据 would 判断此处是与将来事实相反的虚拟语气,从句用 were to do,故 D 项正确。5 小提示:虚拟语气是英语语法中的一大难点,注意在 if 非真实条件句中,主句和从句谓语动词有以下三种形式:表示与现在事实相反,从句用过去式(be 用 were),主句用 would(should,could)+动词原形;表示与过去事实相
13、反,从句用 had+过去分词,主句用 would(should,could)+have+过去分词;表示与将来事实相反,从句用过去式(should/were to+动词原形),主句用 would(should,could)+动词原形。10、How I wish I had worked harder when I was in that company.If you had,you _ a department manager now.AareBwould be Cwould have beenDwere 答案:B 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:我多么希望我在公司的时候工作更勤奋一些。如果你当时更勤
14、奋一些,你现在就是部门经理了。答句中 if 从句是省略回答,完整的从句是 if you had worked harder,从句为过去完成时,说明是与过去事实相反的假设,但是题干中的 now 说明主句是与现在事实相反;与现在事实相反时虚拟条件句的主句中用would/should/could/might+do,由此判断答案是 B。11、I highly recommended that he _ another chance to try.AgivesBgaveCgiveDbe given 答案:D 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:我强烈建议给他再试一次的机会。recommend 后的宾语从句用虚拟语
15、气,谓语动词用should+动词原形,should 可以省略,且谓语动词 give 与主语和是被动关系,故选 D。12、He urged that she _ the Great Wall on Monday.6 Awould visitBshall visitCvisitDvisited 答案:C 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:他极力主张她星期一去游览长城。urge 表示“极力主张,强烈要求”时,后跟从句需用虚拟语气,结构为 should+动词原形,其中 should 可省略。故选 C。小提示:urge 的用法归纳和词义辨析 urge 的用法:urge 的用法 1:urge 的基本意思是“力劝”
16、“敦促”,指外部或内部的影响或压力激励某人达到明确的目的。引申可表示“强烈要求”等。urge 的用法 2:urge 可以接名词、动名词或 that 从句作宾语,从句中的谓语动词多用虚拟式。有时也可接由动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。urge 的用法 3:urge 还可用作名词,意为“强烈的愿望”。例如:He has an urge to become a film star.他非常希望成为电影明星。urge 的词汇辨析:induce,persuade,urge,convince,counsel,coax 这些动词均有“劝说,劝导,劝诱”之意。induce 指用讲道理来使某人做某事。persua
17、de 普通用词,指通过劝说、感情交流等而使对方做劝说者所希望的事。urge 语气强,指不断地热情地规劝诱导。convince 指凭行动、事实或言语使他人从思想感情上信服。counsel 较正式用词,指对一些较重大事情所提出的劝告。有时也用于非正式场合,但仍强调严肃的一面。7 coax 指用好话善意或耐心劝诱、哄骗某人做某事。13、My adviser recommended that I _for advanced literature because I like English.Asign upBsigned upCwas signed upDam signing up 答案:A 解析:考
18、查虚拟语气。句意:我的指导老师建议我报名参加高级文学,因为我喜欢英语。主句中谓语动词“recommend(建议)”后面跟宾语从句,从句要用虚拟语气,谓语动词为“(should)+动词原形”;再根据从句主语“I”与“sign up for(报名参加)”应该是主动关系,所以该空应该填(should)sign up,should 可以省略。故选 A。小提示:14、-Mr Frank Smith truly stands out as the best friend and teacher combination.-Absolutely!When I look back on what he did,
19、Im not sure whether I _ the same in his position.Awould doBwould have doneCmust have doneDcould do 答案:B 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:-弗兰克史密斯先生确实是最好的朋友和老师。”-“当然!当我回顾他的所作所为时,我不确定我是否会在他的位置上做同样的事。”分析语境,可知此处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,我无法确定我在他的位置上时是否会做同样的事。故选 B 项。15、If God _everything in the world,the strange creatures in fossils _so
20、 many years before.Ahad created;shouldnt existBhad created;couldnt have existed Cshould create;wouldnt existDcreated;wouldnt have existed 8 答案:B 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:如果上帝创造了世界上的一切,那么化石上的奇怪生物在这么多年前就不可能存在了。结合句意可知,本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气结构:if+主语+had done,主语+could/would/should/might(not)have done。故选 B 项。16、I wish I _
21、at my sisters wedding,but I was on a business trip in New York last weekend.Awill beBwould be CwereDhad been 答案:D 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:我真希望我参加了我姐姐的婚礼,但我上周末去纽约出差了。用 wish 表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为:宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时或 could+现在完成时,故选 D。小提示:动词 wish 后宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1)用 wish 表示现在的祝愿和报歉。其句子结构为:宾语从句的谓语 be 用 were(was),实义动词用过去式。例:I wi
22、sh they were at home this time.2)用 wish 表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为:宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时或 could+现在完成时。例:I wish I hadnt hurt him so much.3)用 wish 表示对将来事情的愿望。其句子结构为宾语从句的谓语为 would/could/might+动词原形。例:I wish I might be able to come 9 tomorrow。17、He suggested to Jane that she _ the problem another way,and her expression s
23、uggested that she _.Asolve;agreedBsolve;agree Csolved;should agreeDsolved;agreed 答案:A 解析:考查虚拟语气/宾语从句/时态。句意:他建议 Jane 用另一种方式解决这个问题,她的表情表明她同意了。suggest 意为“建议”时,其后 that 引导的宾语从句的谓语应用 should+动词原形,should 可以省略,所以排除 C,D 选项;suggest 意为“表明”时,宾语从句用陈述语气,时态与主句一致,由主句谓语 suggested 可知,时态为一般过去时,故选 A 项。18、_for the free t
24、icket,I would not have gone to see films so often.AIf it is notBWere it notCHad it not beenDIf it has not been 答案:C 解析:考查 if 引导的非真实条件句和部分倒装。句意:如果不是因为有这张免费票,我就不会去看电影了。此处是 if引导的非真实条件句,与过去的事实相反,所以 if 条件句用过去完成时,且 if 省略时,则从句用部分倒装,把助动词 had 提到主语的前面。故选 C。19、_ then what I know now,I would have made different
25、 decisions.AShould I knowBI knewCI did knowDHad I known 答案:D 解析:10 考查 If 条件句中的虚拟语气和倒装。句意:如果我之前知道我现在知道的事情,我可能会做出不同的决定。分析句意可知,这是 If 引导的条件句,从句“_ then what I know now”表达的是“如果我之前知道我现在知道的事情”,这是对过去的一种假设,从句谓语动词需用过去完成时 had known。分析句子可知,If 在句中被省略,if 引导的条件句中,如果 if 被省略,从句需进行部分倒装,将助动词 had 提前。故选 D。小提示:If 条件句是高中语法
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