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1、宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化 that 引，一般疑问句用 if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。一、基本讲解 1.概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分 eg,He said he was good at drawing.(动词宾语)He asks him how long Mike has been down.(动词宾语)Miss Zhang is angry at what you sa

2、id.(介词宾语)2.连接词(1)陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用 that,that 引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合 that 可以省略）可跟 that 从句做宾语的动词有：say,think,insist,wish,hope,demand,imagine,wonder,know,suppose,see,believe,agree,admit,deny,expect,explain,order,command,feel,dream,suggest,hear,mean,notice,prefer,request,require,propose,declare,report 等。eg:The bo

3、y believes that he will travel through space to other planets.She told me(that)she would like to go with us.在以下情况中 that 不能省略 1、当句中的动词后接多于两个由 that 引导的宾语从句时，第一个 that 可省，但后面的 that 不可省。I believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better 2、当主句的谓语动词与 that 宾语从句之间有插入语时，that 一般不可省。Just the

4、n I noticed,for the first time,that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.3、当 that 从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that 不可省。I cant tell him that his mother died.4、当 it 作形式宾语时 例句：She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him 许多带复合宾语的句子，that 引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用 it 作形式宾语。5、当宾语从句前置时 Tha

5、t our team will win，I believe 6、当 that 作 learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold 等动词的宾语时;(2)以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序 eg,I wonder if/whether u have told the new to Li Lei.注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。a.当从句做介词的宾语是只用whether 不用if eg,We are ta

6、lking about whether well go on the pinic.b.引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时，只用whether.eg,Please let me know what to do next.Could you tell me whether u go or not?c.只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句,if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.1、if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.2、if引导否定概念的宾语从句时 He asked if

7、 I didnt come to school yesterday.3、引导状语从句even if（即使）和as if（好象）时 He talks as if he has known all about it.(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。E.g.Could you tell me whats the matterwrong with you?特殊情况：当 do you think 后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词do you think陈述句语序。(4).连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句

8、变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是：see,say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,show,find out,imagine,suggest,doubt,wonder,discover,understand,inform,advise 等。连接代词：who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。连接代词一般指疑问,但 what,whatever 除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.Do you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏么？The book

9、will show you what the best CEOs should know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么.Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?连接副词有：when,where,why,how，在句中担任状语的成分。He didnt tell me when we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.Could you please tell me how you use the n

10、ew panel?你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.3.宾语从句时态 a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如：eg.Do you know（if/whether he has seen the film）?b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。eg.I didnt know（if/whether he had seen the film.）注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是

11、客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：He said（that the earth moves round the sun.）The teacher told us（that light travels much faster than sound.）4.、人称的变化和标点的使用 a.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：“May I use your knife？”He asked me.He asked me if he might use my knife.“Do you

12、know her telephone number？”He asked me.He asked me if I know her telephone number.b.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：Who will give us a talk?I dont know.I dont know who will give us a talk.Do you know？Where does he live?Do you know where he lives?二、宾语从句的转化 1.2.当主句谓语动词是 hope，wish，decide，forget，p

13、lan，agree 等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。eg,She agreed that she could help me with my maths.She agreed to help me with my maths.2.当主句的谓语动词是 know,learn,forget,remember,decide 等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词不定式结构”。eg:I dont know which sweater I should buy .I dont know which sweater to buy.3.当主句的谓

14、语动词是 ask，tell,show,teach 等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词不定式结构”,或者在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词不定式”结构。如：Could you tell me how to get to the park?4.当主句谓语动词是 find，see，watch，hear 等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语宾补”结构，宾补为不带 to 的不定式或 V-ing 形式 She found that the wallet lay/was lying

15、 on the ground.She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.附：运用虚拟语气的情况在表示 建议 suggest、advise、propose;要求 demand、desire、request；决定 decide;命令 order、command、require;坚决主张 insist;等动词后跟宾语从句，用（should）+v（虚拟语气）Eg：I suggested that you（should）study hard He ordered that we should go out at once 虚拟语气的用法 虚拟语气是一种动词

16、形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。虚拟语气的用法：1)虚拟语气用在简单句中，表示祝愿，命令。如：May you be happy.祝你幸福。May you have a good time.祝愿你玩得痛快。May the friendship between us last long.祝愿我们的友情天长地久。Have a good journey!祝愿你旅途愉快！You go out！你出去！2)虚拟语气用在宾语从句中：动词 wish,suggest,order,insist,propose,等词后面的宾语从句表示的是一种虚拟语气

17、，宾语从句中的动词动作表示的只是一种愿望、要求。如：I wish she would be on my side.我希望她能站在我一边。I wish I could help him.我希望我能帮助他。He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means.他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。动词 demand,suggest,order,insist,propose 后面的从句中，should 可以省略。如：The teacher suggested that we(should)clean the blackboard

18、 after class.老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves.他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服。3)虚拟语气用在主语从句中：在句型 It is important(necessary,strange,natural)that.中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用：should+动词原形，如：Its necessary that we should have a walk now.我们有必要出去散散步。Its natural that she should do s

19、o.她这样做是很自然的。Its important that we should take good care of the patient.重要的是我们要照顾好病人。4)虚拟语气用在状语从句中：虚拟语气最多地用在表示条件的状语从句和表示结果的从句中。在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时，动词有三种时态形式，即现在、过去和将来。A 与现在事实相反的：If I(we,you,he,they)+动词过去式.if I(he,she)were.I(we)should+动词原形。He(you,they)would+动词原形。B与过去事实相反的：If I(we,you,he,they)+had+过去分词 I(we

20、)should+have+过去分词。He(you,they)would+have+过去分词。If I were you,I should buy it.如果我是你，我就买了它。If I had time,I would study French.如果我有时间，我会学习法语的。If she knew English,she would not ask me for help.如果她懂英语的话，她不会找我帮忙的。If you had got up earlier,you could have caught the train.如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火车的。If it were fine tom

21、orrow,I would go shopping.如果明天天气好，我就去买东西。明白了虚拟语气的用法就会明白什么时候需要用虚拟语气了，在表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义，或表示的含义不是客观存在的事实时需要用虚拟语气。宾语从句专项习题 巩固练习 1.Have you decided _for Australia?A.when will you leave B.when do you leave C.you will leave when D.when you will leave 2.Can you tell me _?A.where does Tom live B.whe

22、re Tom lived C.Tom lives where D.where Tom lives 3.The old man asked me _.A.where was the cinema B.where is the cinema C.where the cinema was D.where was the way to the cinema 4.I think _ you will like him.A.that B.if C.why D.how 5.I didnt know _ he will come or not.A.that B.whether C.weather D.how

23、6.I wonder _.A.how much cost these shoes B.how much do these shoes cost C.how much these shoes cost D.how much are these shoes cost 7.She asked me _.A.who he was B.who was he C.who is he D.who he is 8.Ask him _.A.whose cup this is B.whose cup is this C.this is whose cup D.whose is this cup 9.I dont

24、know _.A.what time the movie starts B.what time starts the movie C.the time to start the movie D.the movie what time starts 10.The doctor asked me how long _.A.was I ill B.have I been ill C.I have been ill D.I had been ill 11.The weather forecast doesnt say _.A.if it rains tomorrow B.if does it rain

25、 tomorrow C.if it will rain tomorrow D.if will it rain tomorrow 12.Do you know _?A.whose pen is this B.whose pen this is C.whom does the pen belong to D.whom the pen belong to 13.Could you tell me where _?A.the tape was B.was the tape C.the tape is D.is the tape 14.They want to know _?A.where is the

26、 hospital B.how old are you C.when the train will leave D.why is the boy crying 15.Tony wanted to know _.A.what had Father Christmas put in his stocking B.when Father Christmas had put in his stocking C.what Father Christmas had put in his stocking D.where Father Christmas had put in his stocking 16

27、.No one knows _ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not.A.when B.whether C.where D.if 17.July didnt know_.A.where is Tims father B.when was the first watch made C.who the old man is D.what was wrong with her watch 18.No one told us _,so we need your help.A.how should

28、we do B.what we should do C.what to do D.what should we do 19.We dont know _ with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea.A.how do it B.how to do C.what do it D.what to do 20.He asked me _.A.whether I find out the sender of the money B.whether did I find out the sender of the money C.whether th

29、e sender of the money found out D.whether I found out the sender of the money 21.Did you hear _?A.what did I say B.what I said C.I said what D.what I say 22.Can you tell me _?A.which class you are in B.which class are you in C.you are in which class D.are you in which class 23.-Excuse me.Could you t

30、ell me _?-Certainly.A.when can I get to the station B.I can get to which station C.which station can I get to D.how I can get to the station 24.Could you tell me where _ yesterday?A.did you go B.you go C.you have gone D.you went 25.Tom asked me _.A.whose shirt was this B.whose shirt this was C.who s

31、hirt was this D.who shirt this was 26.Excuse me,could you tell me _?A.wheres the teachers office B.wheres the bus station C.whats she doing D.where the post office is 27.I want to see Mrs.Wang,but I dont know _.A.she lives where B.she where lives C.where she lives D.where does she live 28.-Go and as

32、k Mr.White for help.-But I dont know _.A.where does he live B.where he lives C.where is he living D.he lives there 29.-Can you tell me _?-Yes,he lives in a small town.A.where he lives B.who is singing C.when he will leave D.what he said 30.Have you decided _ for London?A.when will you leave B.when y

33、ou will leave C.when are you going D.when you are going 31.Excuse me.Could you tell me _our tickets?A.where do we show B.where shall we show C.where did we show D.where we shall show 32.-What are you interested in about cooking food?-We are all interested in _.A.how egg is fried B.how is egg fried C

34、.How egg fries D.how does egg fry 33.Do you know _?A.what it is B.what is it C.who is he D.whose name is it 34.Do you know _?A.whose book is this B.whose book this is C.this book is whose D.whos book this is 35.I dont know _ now.A.where is my cat B.my cat is where C.where my cat is D.where my cat 36

35、.Does he know _?A.whats your name B.what name is your C.what your is name D.what your name is 37.Do you know _?A.which floor he lives B.which floor he lives on C.he lives on which floor D.which floor does he lives on 38.Tell me where _?A.is the hospital B.the hospital is C.is hospital D.hospital is

36、39.He hasnt decided _.A.if hell go on a trip to Wu xi B.when will he go on a trip to Wu xi C.if he goes on a trip to Wu xi D.when does he go on a trip to Wu xi 40.Can you see _?A.what hes reading B.what is he reading C.what does he read D.he reads what 能力提高练习 1.I dont know _ he will come tomorrow._

37、he comes,Ill tell you A.if;Whether B.whether;Whether C.if;That D.if;If 2.I dont know _ the day after tomorrow.A.when does he come B.how will he come C.if he comes D.whether hell come 3.Could you tell me _the nearest hospital is?A.what B.how C.whether D.where 4.Could you tell me _ the radio without a

38、ny help?A.how did he mend B.what did he mend C.how he mended D.what he mended 5.I want to know _.A.whom is she looking after B.whom she is looking C.whom is she looking D.whom she is looking after 6.Do you know where _ now?A.he lives B.does he live C.he lived D.did he live 7.Do you know what time _?

39、A.the train leave B.does the train leave C.will the train leave D.the train leaves 8.I dont know _.Can you tell me,please?A.how the two players are old B.how old are the two players C.the two players are how old D.how old the two players are 9.The small children dont know _.A.what is their stockings

40、 in B.what is in their stockings C.where is their stockings in D.what in their stockings 10.I cant understand _.A.what does Christmas mean B.what Christmas does mean C.what mean Christmas does D.what Christmas means 11.I dont know _ he will be back home.A.who B.what C.when D.where 12.Could you tell

41、me _?A.where do you live B.who you are waiting for C.who were you waiting for D.where you live in 13.Do you still remember _?A.that he said B.what he said C.did he say that D.what did he say 14.I cant understand _the boy alone.A.why she left B.why did she leave C.why she had left D.why had she left

42、15.She told me the sun _ in the east.A.rise B.rose C.rises D.had risen 16.They tried to find out _ the new train _.A.how far/had gone B.how long/has gone C.how far/went D.how far/had run 17.The manager came up to see _.A.what was the matter B.what the matter was C.what the matter is D.whats the matt

43、er 18.Can you tell me _?A.what are you doing B.where do you study C.what you were doing D.what to do it 19.He asked his father _.A.where it happens B.where did it happen C.how it happened D.how did it happen 20.No one tells us_，so we need your help.A.how we should do B.what should we do C.how to do

44、it D.what to do it 21.Could you please teach me _ the computer.A.how check B.to check C.how to check D.to how checking 22._ hell come or not isnt important.A.Why B.If C.Whether D.What 23.Would you like to know _they will do it or not.A.if B.that C.whether D.why 24.Where do you think _ he _ the TV se

45、t?Sorry，Ive no idea.A./;bought B.has;bought C.did;buy D.did bought 25.Our homework has changed a lot.Who can tell _ it would be like in _ five years.A.how;another B.what;more C.how;other D.what;another 26.Could you tell me _?Yes.He _ to the USA.A.where is he/has been B.where he is/has gone C.where w

46、as he/has been D.where he was/has gone 27.Mike wants to know if _ a picnic tomorrow.Yes.But if it _，well visit the museum instead.A.you have;will rain B.you will have;will rain C.you will have;rains D.will you have;rains 28.I dont know if he _tomorrow.If he _，Ill meet him.A.will come;comes B.comes;c

47、omes C.will come;will come D.comes;will come 29.I really dont know if she _ it when she _.A.finds;arrives B.finds;will arrive C.will find;will arrive D.will find;arrives 30.Can you make sure _.the gold ring?A.where Alice has put B.where had Alice put C.where Alice had put D.where has Alice put 31.-W

48、hen are the Shutes leaving for New York?-Pardon?-I asked _.A.when are the Shutes leaving for New York B.when the Shutes are leaving for New York C.when were the Shutes leaving for New York D.when the Shutes were leaving for New York 32.Could you tell me _?I have something interesting to tell him.A.w

49、here is Li Hong B.where Li Hong is C.where was Li Hong D.where Li Hong has been to 33.-Could you tell me _?A.how many people have been out of hospital B.when is Thanksgiving C.which animal does he like best D.what time will the dolphin show start 34.I want to know _.A.what is his name B.whats his na

50、me C.that his name is D.what his name is 35.He asked me _.A.if she will come B.how many books I want to have C.they would help us do it D.what was wrong with me 36.Do you still remember _ at the meeting?A.that Jim said B.what Jim said C.did Jim said that D.what did Jim said 37.-Excuse me,_ to the ne