人教版高中英语必修1重点词汇、短语、句型、语法大全.pdf
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1、人教版高中英语必修 1 重点词汇、短语、句型、语法大全 Unit1 Friendship 【重点词汇、短语】1.add up 合计 2。upset vtvi 弄翻,使不安,使心烦,扰乱 adj。心烦意乱的,不舒服的,不适的,难过的.3。ignore 不理睬、忽视 4。calm(使)平静、(使)镇定 calm down 平静/镇定下来 5。have got to 不得不、必须 6.concern(使)担忧、涉及、关系到 be concerned about关心,挂念 7.go through 经历、经受 8.set down 记下、放下、登记 9。a series of 一系列 10。on pu
2、rpose 故意 11.in order to 为了 12.at dusk 在黄昏时刻 13.face to face 面对面地 14。no longer/notany longer 不再 15。settle 安家、定居、停留 16.suffer 遭受、忍受、经历 17。suffer from 遭受、患病 18。recover 痊愈、恢复、重新获得 19。get/be tired of 对厌烦 20。pack 捆扎,包装/包裹 21.pack(sth)up 将(东西)装箱打包 22.get along with 与相处 23。fall in love 爱上 24。disagree 不同意 25
3、。join in 参加 【重点句型】1。It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face.(从句时态用完成时)这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。2。I wonder if it s because I haven t been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature。(强调句)我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故,我变得对一切与大自然有关的
4、事物都无比狂热.3。I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.有一天晚上,我熬到 11 点半故意不睡觉,为的是独自好好看看月亮一次。4.Your friend,who doesnt work hard,asks you to help him cheat in the end-of-term exam.(非限制性定语从句)你的一个朋友叫你在期末考试中帮他作弊,这个朋友平常不认真学习.5.If yo
5、u have some trouble(in)getting along with your friends,you can write to the editor and ask for advice.如果你在和朋友的相处上有问题,你可以写信给编辑向他征求建议。6.Add up your score and see how many points you can get.把你的得分加起来,看看得了多少.7.What he did has added to our difficulties.他的所作所为增加了我们的困难。8.His income adds up to 1000 a month.
6、他每月的收入共计 1000 美元。9.Its no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.观看这些已不再是乐趣,因为大自然是你必须体验的.10.Why is she so concerned about his attitude to her work?她为什么那么关注他对她的工作的看法?11。The police asked him to set down what he had seen in a report。警察让他在报告
7、中写下他所看见的事情.12。As I was about to go out and search for him,he happened to come in。正当我打算出去找他时,他恰巧进来。13。Mr.Jones lives alone and often feels lonely。琼斯先生单独一人生活,常常感到孤独.14。We tried to calm him down,but he kept crying。我们试图让他平静下来,但他仍不停地哭着。15)Does he dare(to)go out at night in such stormy weather?他敢在这样一个暴风雨夜
8、外出吗?16.He would go through fire and water for his country.他愿为国家赴汤蹈火.17.That country suffered a heavy loss in the flood。那个国家在水灾中遭受严重的损失。【语法总结】直接引语和间接引语(一)直接引语:直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。例:Mr。Black said,“Im busy.”Mr。Black said that he was busy。变化规则 1.陈述句的变化规则 直接引语如果是陈述
9、句,变为间接引语时,用连词 that(可省略)引导,从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。(1)人称的变化-人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思 例:1。He said,“I like it very much.”He said that he liked it very much。2.He said to me,“Iv left my book in your room.”He told me that he had left his book in my room.(2)时态的变化 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过
10、去完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 过去完成时 过去完成时 例:“I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary,”said Anne。Anne said that she didnt want to set down a series of facts in a diary.The boy said,“Im using a knife。”The boy said that he was using a knife.注意:如果直接引语是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态不变,如:He said,“Light trave
11、ls much faster than sound。He said that light travels much faster than sound。(3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化 直接引语 间接引语 this that these those now then ago before/earlier today that day yesterday the day before tomorrow the next/following day the day after tomorrow In two days time come go here there the day b
12、efore yesterday two days before/earlier 2.疑问句的变化规则 如果直接引语是疑问句,变为间接引语时要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序,句末用句号。(1)一般疑问句:如果直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,谓语动词是 say或 said 时,要改为 ask 或 asked,原问句变为由 if/whether 引导的宾语从句。例:“Do you think a diary can become your friend?”the writer says.The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our fr
13、iend。(2)特殊疑问句:如果间接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的引导词,但疑问句要变为陈述句。例:“What do you want?he asked me。He asked me what I wanted Unit2 English around the world 【重点词汇、短语】1。because of 因为、由于 e up 走近、上来、提出 3。actually 实际上、事实上 4.base 以为基础,根基 5.at present 目前 6.make use of 利用 7.such as 例如 8。command 命令、指令、掌握 9。request 请求、要求
14、 10.play a part/role in 扮演一个角色 11.recognize 辨认出、承认、公认 12.straight 直接、挺直、笔直的 13。be different from 与不同 be the same as 和一样 14。one another 相互,彼此(=each other)15。at the end of 在结束时 16。because of 因为(后接名词或名词性短语)because 因为(后接句子)17。be based on 根据,依据 18.at present 目前;当今 19。especially 特别,尤其 specially 专门地 20。mak
15、e use of 利用 make the best of 充分利用 21.a large number of 大量的,很多(作主语时,谓语动词用复数)the number of 的数量(作主语时,谓语动词用单数)22。in fact=actually=as a matter of fact 事实上 23。make lists of 列清单 24.included 包括(前面接包括的对象)including 包括(后面接包括的对象)mand sb。to do sth。命令某人去做某事 command+that 从句(从句用 should+V 原)26.request sb。to do sth。要
16、求某人做某事 request+that 从句(从句用 should+V 原)【重点句型】1。World Englishes come from those countries where English plays an important role as a first or second language,either because of foreign rule or because of its special role as an international language.(定语从句)世界英语来自那些以英语为第一或第二语言的国家,英语在这些国家起重要作用,或是因为外国的统治,或
17、是因为其作为国际语言的特殊地位。2。All languages change when cultures communicate with one another。当不同的语言互相沟通时,所有的语言都会发生变化.3.Actually,the English spoken between about AD 450 and 1150 was based more on German than present day English。实际上,从公元 450 年到 1150 年,人们所说的英语更多的是以德语为基础的,而现代英语不是。4.Would you please come up to my fl
18、at for a visit?请到我的公寓里来坐坐,好吗?5。Believe it or not,he cheated in the exams。信不信由你,他在考试中作弊。6.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English。以英语作为母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,也可以互相交流。7。Today the number of people learning English in China is larger than even befor
19、e。目前在中国学习英语的人数比以往任何时候都多。8。It is the duty of a government to provide education for the children of its country.(it 作形式主语)政府的责任是为其国家的小孩提供教育。9.Reading is one of the best ways of improving your vocabulary and usage.阅读是帮助你改善词汇及其用法的最好方法之一.10。Giving commands is less polite than making a request.发号命令比发出请求粗鲁
20、。11。We asked her for directions and she told us to go round the corner on the left and keep going straight for two blocks.我们向她问路,她告诉我们往左边拐弯后直走两个街区。12。He knows several languages,such as English,French and German。他懂几种语言,例如英语、法语和德语。【语法总结】直接引语和间接引语(二)3.祈使句的变化规则 如果直接引语是祈使句,变为间接引语时,要将祈使句的动词原形变为带 to 的不定式,并
21、根据句子意思在不定式前加上 tell/ask/order 等动词,如果祈使句是否定句,在不定式前面还要加上 not.例:The hostess said to us,“Please sit down。The hostess asked us to sit down。He said,“Dont make so much noise,boys.”He told the boys not to make so much noise。Unit3 Travel journal 【重点词汇、短语】1。travel-泛指旅行 journey-指长时间长距离的陆上旅行 voyage-指长距离的水上旅行,也可以
22、指乘飞机旅行 trip-常指短时间短距离的旅行 tour-指周游,巡回旅游 2.prefer A to B 比起 B,更喜欢 A prefer doing to doing 比起做,宁愿做 prefer to do rather than do 与其做,不如 3。flow through 流过,流经 4。ever since 自从 5。persuade sb。to do sth.说服某人做某事 6。be fond of 喜欢 7。insist on doing 坚持做某事 insist+that 从句(用 should+V 原)8.care about 关心 9。change ones min
23、d 改变想法 10。altitude 高度 attitude 态度,看法 11.make up ones mind to do 下定决心做某事=decide to do=make a decision to do 12。give in 让步,屈服 give up 放弃 13。be surprised to 对感到惊奇 to ones surprise 令某人惊讶的是 14.at last=finally=in the end 最终 15。stop to do 停下来去做某事 stop doing 停止做某事 16.as usual 像往常一样 17。sothat 如此以至于 so+adj+a/
24、an+n。+that such+a/an+adj。+n。+that 18。be familiar with 对熟悉(人作主语)be familiar to 为所熟悉(物作主语)【重点句型】1。My sister and I have dreamed about cycling along the Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends。我姐姐和我一直梦想要沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅行。2.The man insisted that he didn t steal anything and he(should)be set free
25、at once。(陈述语气、虚拟语气)这男人坚持自己没有偷东西,他坚持说他应该立刻被释放。3。She gave me a determined look?C the kind that said she wouldnt change her mind。她给了我一个坚定的眼神-这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的.4.He is so stubborn that no one can persuade him to do anything。他是如此的固执以致没有人能说服他做任何事。5。My sister doesnt care about details。我的姐姐是不会考虑细节的。6。She is a
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