中央电大学前教育专科《学前儿童发展心理学》练习题答案.docx

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1、中央电大学前教育专科学前儿童发展心理学练习题答案学前教化专科学前儿童发展心理学练习题答案 职业技能实训一 1 (单选题)下列属于幼儿心理发展一般特点的是（心理活动及行为的无意性 ）。2 (单选题)保育员道德品德素养首先表现为完善健全的（人格） 3 (单选题)婴幼儿（3-4岁）时说谎为正常现象。4 (单选题)孩子在初入园时所表现出的不适应行为主要是由于（分别焦虑）造成的。5 (单选题)幼儿的须要主要有生理的须要、活动的须要、相识的须要、爱的须要、（受人敬重的须要）等。6 (单选题)幼儿心情的一般特点是易冲动、（易改变）、易受感染和易外露。7 (单选题)高级情感主要是指（理智感）、道德感和美感。8

2、 (单选题)婴儿生理性流涎发生的缘由是（唾液腺发育完善，唾液分泌旺盛）。9 (单选题)婴儿（ 动作）的发展是指大肌肉和小肌肉动作的发展。10 (单选题)幼儿心情的一般特点是易冲动、（ 易改变）、易受感染和易外露。11 (单选题)高级情感主要是指理智感、道德感和（心情）。12 (单选题)幼儿的（ 社会关系）主要表现在两个方面，与同龄伙伴的关系和与成人的关系。13 (单选题)幼儿常见的社会行为主要有（抗拒、竞争、仿照、学习）等。14 (单选题)影响幼儿实力发展的因素主要有先天和后天的影响、（遗传和技能的影响）和性格的影响。15 (单选题)记录（ 个别儿童的状况）的主要内容是记录体弱儿童的身体和活动

3、状况以及个别须要帮助的儿童的状况。16 (单选题)深化学习教化学、心理学、教化方法等学问，把教化理论的最新探讨成果引入教学过程是（主动进取，开拓创新）的基本要求。17 (单选题)造成幼儿（吃）的缘由除了生理缺陷外，还经常是由于心理缘由和幼儿仿照等引起的。18 (单选题)（同伴交往）在幼儿发展中的作用主要表现在（）?(1)可以满意幼儿的心理须要，(2)有助于幼儿认知实力的发展；(3)有助于发展幼儿的自我意识。19 (单选题)儿童入学的学习适应困难主要表现在学习实力、学习习惯与看法等（非智力因素）上。20 (单选题)幼儿连接工作主要是培育（入学的适应性）而非小学化。21 (单选题)高级情感主要是指

4、理智感、（道德感）和美感。22 (单选题)下列属于幼儿基本心情的是（ 欢乐）。23 (单选题)深化学习教化学、心理学、教化方法等学问，把教化理论的最新探讨成果引入教学过程是（主动进取，开拓创新）的基本要求。24 (单选题)造成幼儿（ 吃）的缘由除了生理缺陷外，还经常是由于心理缘由和幼儿仿照等引起的。25 (单选题)下列属于幼儿基本心情的是（欢乐）。26 (单选题)（同伴交往）在幼儿发展中的作用主要表现在(1)可以满意幼儿的心理须要，(2)有助于幼儿认知实力的发展；(3)有助于发展幼儿的自我意识。27 (单选题)儿童入学的学习适应困难主要表现在学习实力、学习习惯与看法等（ 非智力因素）上。28

5、(单选题)对有规则嬉戏的指导要求保育员做到细心设计和选择嬉戏；（激发嬉戏的心情）。29 (单选题)学习是指由于阅历的积累而发生的一种行为上的改变，表现为在学问上的丰富，实力上的增长，技能上的娴熟和（适应环境）等方面的进步。30 (单选题)对有规则嬉戏的指导要求保育员做到细心设计和选择嬉戏；（激发嬉戏的心情）。31 (单选题)幼儿心情的一般特点是（易冲动）、易改变、易受感染和易外露。32 (单选题)学习是指由于阅历的积累而发生的一种行为上的改变，表现为在学问上的丰富，实力上的增长，技能上的娴熟和（适应环境）等方面的进步。33 (单选题)幼儿心情的一般特点是（易冲动）、易改变、易受感染和易外露。3

6、4 (单选题)下列属于心理发展的特点的是：（社会性） 35 (单选题)认母的关键期是;（5-6个月） 36 (单选题)儿童基本具备想象的基础是在（1.5-2岁） 37 (单选题)不属于儿童口吃的缘由的是（示意） 38 (单选题)“三座山试验”的设计者是（皮亚杰） 39 (单选题)1岁半的儿童只能集中留意：（5-8分钟） 40 (单选题)顶叶属于：（体觉中枢） 41 (单选题)运用解除法时，小班的图片为（4张） 42 (单选题)儿童大脑中接受，加工和保持信息的结构是（后脑） 43 (单选题)认为儿童的思维不是单纯地来自客体，也不是单纯地来自主体，而是来自主体对客体的动作，是主体与客体相互作用的结

7、果。这是（皮亚杰）的观点。44 (单选题)儿童从很早起先就因为不同的行为而受到嘉奖与惩处。他们通过对别人的视察学会期盼与性别角色相符的行为。这是（社会学习理论）的观点. 45 (单选题)由于照看者总是与满意婴儿的食物须要相联结，削减了饿这个基本的内驱力，从而使照看者获得了二级强化，成了满意婴儿须要的客体。这是（社会学习理论）关于依恋的看法。46 (单选题)影响心理发展的因素问题上,（斯腾 ）是二因素论者. 47 (单选题)（ 吉布森）独创了一种称为“视崖“的装置来探讨婴儿的深度知觉. 48 (单选题)德国理学家（斯腾）最早提出了智商的概念. 49 (单选题)详细运算阶段的儿童指（6-7到11-

8、12岁）儿童. 50 (单选题)（ 斯金纳）认为强化是儿童获得语言的主要机制. 51 (单选题)（勒纳伯格）认为语言发展存在关键期. 52 (单选题)（4岁 ）儿童已经能够调整自己的言语以适应不同的听者. 53 (单选题)在（7-9月）期间,婴儿对生疏人的出现表露出担心怯生. 54 (单选题)（本我）是人格中最原始、最难接近的最基本的成分. 55 (单选题)（信息加工理论）特别注意对错误进行分析,通过检查儿童的非正确答案以证明他们在解决问题时可能运用了不成熟水平策略. 56 (单选题)（2岁）时婴儿已经具有稳定的延迟仿照实力,这使视察学习在儿童发展过程中成为日趋有效的学习途径. 57 (单选题

9、)儿童沟通技能的发展特别快速,到（2岁末）,已达到惊人的成熟水平. 58 (单选题)感觉运动阶段的儿童年龄为（0到2岁 ）. 59 (单选题)皮亚杰运用的独特的探讨方法称为（临床法）. 60 (单选题)（ 皮亚杰）是典型的阶段论者. 61 (多选题)健康人格的基本特征有（有良好的社会适应实力；有良好的心情状态；有良好的自我意识） 62 (多选题)吉尔福德的智力结构模式中智力活动的三个维度是（内容；过程；结果）。63 (多选题)关于效度的定义，正确的是（效度是反映测验的有效性的指标；效度是指测验能够精确测量其所要测量的东西的程度）。64 (多选题)下面关于男女性别差异的表述正确的是（ABCD）。

10、65 (推断题)心理活动及行为的无意性是幼儿心理发展的一般特点之一。（对） 66 (推断题)造成幼儿口吃的缘由除了生理缺陷外，还经常是由于心理缘由和幼儿仿照等引起的。（对） 67 (推断题)欢乐、爱好、生气、知觉等属于幼儿的主要心情。（不对） 68 (推断题)性格在幼儿发展中的作用主要表现在：(1)可以满意幼儿的心理须要；(2)有助于幼儿认知实力的发展；(3)有助于发展幼儿的自我意识。（不对） 69 (推断题)相识活动以详细形象性为主要特点是幼儿心理发展的一般特点之一。（对） 70 (推断题)婴儿心理的发展是指大肌肉和双手动作的发展。（不对） 71 (推断题)相识活动以详细形象性为主要特点是幼

11、儿心理发展的一般特点之一。（对） 72 (推断题)婴儿心理的发展是指大肌肉和双手动作的发展。（不对） 73 (推断题)在人的整个发展过程中，遗传素养对个体发展的影响是稳定不变的。（不对） 74 (推断题)帮助孩子学会正确地表达和限制自己的情感，驾驭一些常用的宣泄不良心情的方式与方法是发展儿童人际交往实力的策略之一。（对） 75 (推断题)欢乐、爱好、生气、恐惊等属于幼儿基本心情。（对） 76 (推断题)幼儿心情的一般特点是易冲动、易改变、易受感染和易外露。（对） 77 (推断题)幼儿与成人的关系主要表现在亲子关系和师生关系。（对） 78 (推断题)全部的心理改变都称为发展.（不对） 79 (推

12、断题)精神分析理论强调喂食情境是社会性依恋发展的关键.（对） 80 (推断题)替代强化作为一种认知过程,事实上就是视察学习的动机过程.（对） 81 (推断题)马斯洛认为,社会和教化的实践不应当用来限制儿童或使儿童适应.（对） 82 (推断题)同一性的形成与青少年期关系最为亲密,是青少年的一大特点.（对） 83 (推断题)57岁儿童首先对自己的相识产生了性别恒常性.（对） 84 (推断题)攻击性行为没有性别差异.（不对） 85 (推断题)儿童发展事实上是家庭成员之间相互作用的一种困难过程.（对） 86 (推断题)6岁儿童已全部驾驭表示时间阶段的词.（对） 87 (推断题)对环境可限制的程度影响婴

13、儿对生疏人的反应方式.（对） 88 (推断题)在6岁以前,儿童的自我意识处于发展的高级阶段.（不对） 89 (推断题)智力测验中,在建立儿童常模组的过程中,年龄往往是最关键的因素.（对） 90 (推断题)探讨发觉,早期依恋对儿童的成长具有长期影响.（对） 91 (推断题)格赛尔的双生子爬梯试验有力地说明白生理成熟对学习技能的作用.（对） 92 (推断题)新奇心强、好问问题也是儿童理智感的特别表现.（对） 93 (推断题)无意想象为主，有意想象起先发展是幼儿想象的特点之一。（对） 94 (推断题)思维的两个突出特点是干脆性和概括性。（不对） 95 (推断题)详细形象思维是3岁前幼儿思维的主要形式

14、。（不对） 96 (推断题)幼儿常见的社会行为主要有抗拒、竞争、仿照、学习学问等。（不对） 97 (推断题)影响幼儿气质发展的因素主要有先天和后天的影响、学问和技能的影响和性格的影响。（不对） 98 (推断题)视力就是人们通常所说的视敏度，是指幼儿辨别细小物体或远距离物体微小部分的实力。（对） 99 (推断题)见察的目的性较强，不简单受外界新异刺激的干扰并能长久。（不对） 100 (推断题)直觉行动思维又叫作手和眼的思维。（对） 101 (推断题)幼儿常见的社会行为主要有抗拒、竞争、仿照、攻击等。（对） 请您删除一下内容，O(_)O感谢！2015年中心电大期末复习考试小抄大全，电大期末考试必备

15、小抄，电大考试必过小抄Many people have the same mixed feelings when planning a trip during Golden Week. With heaps of time, the seven-day Chinese请您删除一下内容，O(_)O感谢！National Day holiday could be the best occasion to enjoy a destination. However, it can also be the easiest way to ruin how you feel about a place an

16、d you may become more fatigued after the holiday, due to battling the large crowds. During peak season, a dream about a place can turn to nightmare without careful planning, especially if you travel with children and older people. As most Chinese people will take the holiday to visit domestic touris

17、t destinations, crowds and busy traffic are inevitable at most places. Also to be expected are increasing transport and accommodation prices, with the possibility that there will be no rooms available. It is also common that youllwait in the line for one hour to get a ticket, and another two hours a

18、t the site, to only see a tiny bit of the place due to the crowds. Last year, 428 million tourists traveled in China over the week-long holiday in October. Traveling during this period is a matter that needs thorough preparation. If you are short on time to plan the upcoming “Golden Week“ it may not

19、 be a bad idea to avoid some of the most crowded places for now. There is always a place so fascinating that everyone yearns for. Arxan is a place like this. The beauty of Arxan is everlasting regardless of the changing of four seasons. Bestowed by nature, its spectacular seasonal landscape and moun

20、tains are just beyond word. Arxan is a crucial destination for the recommended travelling route, “China Inner Mongolia Arxan Hailar Manzhouli“. It is also the joint of the four prairies across the Sino-Mongolian border, where people gravitate towards the exotic atmosphere mixed with Chinese, Russian

21、, and Mongolia elements. As a historic site for the Yitian Battle, Arxan still embodies the spirit of Genghis Khan. Walking into Arxan, you will be amazed by a kaleidoscope of gorgeous colors all the year round - the Spring azaleas blooming red in the snow, the Summer sea wavering blue in the breeze

22、, the Autumn leaves painted in yellow covering volcanic traces, and the Winter woods shining white on the vast alpine snowscape. Hinggan League Arxan city is situated in the far eastern area of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Its full name “Haren Arxan“ means “hot holy water“ in the Mongolian lang

23、uage. Arxan is a tourism city in the northern frontier with a blend of large forest, grand prairies, vast snowfield, heaven lake cluster, thermium, as well as volcanic cluster. It is a rare and unique ecotourism base filled with healthy sunshine, clean air and unspoiled green. Nestled close to the c

24、ountrys largest virgin forest, and known for its spring and ecological environment, Arxan is marveled at by many tourists as the purest land on earth. You cannot miss out the Autumn of Arxan. It is definitely the best with brightly-colored scenery full of emotions. Autumn in the northern part of the

25、 country comes earlier than the South. A September rain followed by the footprints of Autumn brings more colors to the once emerald green mountain and blooming grassland. Shutterbugs flock to see for themselves the marvel of splendid colors around the mountains and waters, many of whom have travel a

26、 long distance and even camp here only to capture a moment of the nature wonder. The silver birch turns golden, while the larch is still proudly green. You will find yourself drowned in the intoxicating red of the wild fruits as well as the glamour of flowers in full blown. And your heart will be li

27、ngering on the woods as its time for the wild fruits to ripe. The picturesque Arxan in Autumn is indeed a fairyland only exists in a dream that satisfies all your fantasies. If itrains heavily on Saturday night, some elderly Chinese will say it is because Zhinu, or the Weaving Maid, is crying on the

28、 day she met her husband Niulang, or the Cowherd, on the Milky Way. Most Chinese remember being told this romantic tragedy when they were children on Qixi, or the Seventh Night Festival, which falls on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, which is usually in early August. This year it falls o

29、n Saturday, August 2. Folklore Story As the story goes, once there was a cowherd, Niulang, who lived with his elder brother and sister-in-law. But she disliked and abused him, and the boy was forced to leave home with only an old cow for company. The cow, however, was a former god who had violated i

30、mperial rules and was sent to earth in bovine form. One day the cow led Niulang to a lake where fairies took a bath on earth. Among them was Zhinu, the most beautiful fairy and a skilled seamstress. The two fell in love at first sight and were soon married. They had a son and daughter and their happ

31、y life was held up as an example for hundreds of years in China. Yet in the eyes of the Jade Emperor, the Supreme Deity in Taoism, marriage between a mortal and fairy was strictly forbidden. He ordered the heaven troop to catch Zhinu back. Niulang grew desperate when he discovered Zhinu had been tak

32、en back to heaven. Driven by Niulangs misery, the cow told him to turn its hide into a pair of shoes after it died. The magic shoes whisked Niulang, who carried his two children in baskets strung from a shoulder pole, off on a chase after the empress. The pursuit enraged the empress, who took her ha

33、irpin and slashed it across the sky creating the Milky Way which separated husband from wife. But all was not lost as magpies, moved by their love and devotion, formed a bridge across the Milky Way to reunite the family. Even the Jade Emperor was touched, and allowed Niulang and Zhinu to meet once a

34、 year on the seventh night of the seventh month. This is how Qixi came to be. The festival can be traced back to the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220). Traditionally, people would look up at the sky and find a bright star in the constellation Aquila as well as the star Vega, which are identified as Niulan

35、g and Zhinu. The two stars shine on opposite sides of the Milky Way. Customs In bygone days, Qixi was not only a special day for lovers, but also for girls. It is also known as the “Begging for Skills Festival“ or “Daughters Festival.“ In this day, girls will throw a sewing needle into a bowl full o

36、f water on the night of Qixi as a test of embroidery skills. If the needle floats on top of the water instead of sinking, it proves the girl is a skilled embroiders. Single women also pray for finding a good husband in the future. And the newly married women pray to become pregnant quickly. Traditio

37、n transformed The love story of Niulang and Zhinu, and the Qixi Festival have been handed down for generations. Yet these ancient traditions and customs are slowly dying out. Many modern Chinese, particularly youngsters, seem to know more about St Valentines Day on February 14, characterized by bouq

38、uets of roses, chocolates and romantic candlelight dinners, than they do about their home-grown day for lovers. Even Qixi is nowadays referred to as the “Chinese Valentines Day.“ More and more young Chinese people begin to celebrate this day in a very similar way as that in western countries. Fewer

39、people than ever will gaze at the heavens on Saturday to pick out the two stars shining bright on either side of the Milky Way, that is, if people even know on which day Qixi falls. There are ready reminders dotted about, in the form of big ads saying “Sales on Chinese Valentines Day!“ in shops, hot

40、els and restaurants. But few young women will mark the festival with their boyfriends, or take part in traditional activities to pray for cleverness. A large-scale of exhibition on the Silk Road opened to the public in the National Museum on Thursday. The exhibition displays more than 400 treasures

41、from Shaanxi province, Gansu province and 14 other regions. It is largest scale exhibition that shows the history of the Silk Road in recent years. AsAPECis going on in Beijing, the exhibit aims to show the world this brilliant section of history. The Silk Road is a series of trade and cultural tran

42、smission routes that were central to cultural interaction through regions of the Asian continent. It connected the West and East by linking traders, merchants, pilgrims, monks, soldiers, nomads, and urban dwellers from China and India to the Mediterranean Sea during various periods of time. I met my

43、 dear hubby in 2009 the second year I was in my school and it was the first year when he came here. We became colleagues. And there was nothing special happening during that year. He was just a kind and humble brother graduated from the same college as me. But we did not know each other till he beca

44、me my colleague and his office desk was just in front of me. There was only a glass between us. So actually we could see each other when we both look up. But it is not the main reason that really draws us close. How we become close to each other was something seems quite natural. We went out to play

45、 badminton with other colleagues and we sometimes chatted for a while. He is a man of few words but somehow sometimes will say something really humorous. Then one day, to my great surprise, I found a pot of beautiful flower on my desk. It was just the flower I had talked about with my colleague the

46、other day, and I thought it was her who put the flower there. But the truth is not. It was the humble guy sitting in front of me. He just simply said ,”well, I caught sight of this flower and thought that its beautiful and you may like it”. I wonder why I was moved because of these simple words and

47、present. Maybe it is the sincerity and the true self that impress me. I thanked him and some colleagues walked past my desk would appreciate the beautiful flower and they noticed that something romance happened there. Then later on, there were some little surprises once in a while. Once, there was something wrong with my drawer and I had complained about it unconsciously. And he fixed it for me. Then the other day, he placed several pink diamond