北京天坛的英文导游词.docx

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1、北京天坛的英文导游词北京天坛的英文导游词（精选19篇） 北京天坛的英文导游词 篇1 Today, well go to visit the Temple of Heaven. First, I'll give you a brief introduction of it. The Temple of Heaven is situated in the southern part of Beijing. It was first built in 1420 in the Ming Dynasty. It covers an area of 273 hectares. The Temple

2、 of Heaven is not only the largest group of temple building in China, but also the largest heaven-worshipping architecture in the world.Originally the Temple of Heaven was built according to the Temple of Heaven and Earth in Nanjing, so both heaven and earth were worshiped here, then it was called T

3、emple of Heaven and Earth at that time. In 1530, another structure, Temple of Earth was built in the northern part of Beijing and the Heaven and Earth were worshipped separately. Since only Heaven was worshipped in here, it was renamed the Temple of Heaven.During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the Tem

4、ple of Heaven was the place where the emperors came to worship the God of Heaven and pray for good harvest. The emperors came here twice a year. The first time was on the 15 th day of the first lunar month. The emperor would come to the Hall of the prayer for Good Harvest and held a big ceremony to

5、pray for a bumper harvest. The second time was on Winter Solstice, and a sacrificial ceremony would be held at the Circular Mount Altar to offer a sacrifice to the Heaven.Being a sacred place for worshipping heaven, the Temple of Heaven had been twice seriously damaged by the Anglo-French Allied For

6、ces in 1860 and the invading troops of the eight powers in 1900.Architecturally speaking, the Temple of Heaven has two themes: the heave and the earth. The surrounding walls of the Temple of Heaven are 6 meters high with a semicircular wall to the north and square shaped wall to the south. This repr

7、esents an ancient belief that the heaven was round and the earth was square. There are three main buildings in the Temple of Heaven, they are: the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests, the Imperial Heavenly Vault and the Circular Mound Altar. 北京天坛的英文导游词 篇2 ladies and gentlemen:welcome to the temple of h

8、eaven. (after self-introduction) preserved cultural heritages of china. there are basically two kinds of visitors who come here: local pensioners who do exercises here in the morning and evening and sightseers both from home and abroad. all in all ，there are 12 million visitors very year. now we are

9、 going to go along the route that leads to the alter. it will take roughly one hour. mind you ，the emperor also walked along this route to pay tribute to the god of heaven.the largest group of architectures ever to be dedicated to heaven ，the temple of heaven served as an exclusive altar for chinese

10、 monarchs during the ming and qing dynasties. it was decreed that rulers of successive dynasties would place altars in their own capitals to worship heaven and pray for good harvest. but why ?the ancient chinese believed that heaven was the supreme ruler of the universe and the fate of mankind，and t

11、hus worshiping rites dedicated to heaven came into being.the heaven the ancient chinese referred to was actually the universe， or nature. in those days， there were specfic rites of worship. this was especially true during the ming and qing dynasties when elaborate ceremonies were held.the temple of

12、heaven was built in 1420 during the reign of emperor youngle of the ming dynasty. situated in the southern part of the city ，this grand set of structures covers an area of 273 hectares. to better symbolize heaven and earth ，the northern part of the temple is circular while the southern part is squar

13、e .the whole compound is enclosed by two walls， a square wall outside a round one. the outer area is characterized by suburban scenery， while the inner part is used for sacrifices. the inner enclosure consists of the hall of prayer for good harvest and the circular mound altar.the circular mound alt

14、ar is enclosed by two walls ，each containing four groups of southern lattice star gate， each in turn consisting of three doors， with 24 marble doors altogether. standing on the passage facing north， you will notice that with each pair of doors on is narrower than the other. this reflects the feudal

15、hierarchy: the wider door was reserved for monarchs， while the narrower one was used by courtiers.on the day of the ceremony ，the emperor would don his ritual costume and be ushered in by the official in charge of religious affairs. he ascended the three terraces in the forefront to pay tribute at t

16、he alter.we are now on the top terrace of the altar， or the third terrace .each terrace has a flight of 9 steps. at the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 steps. at the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 concentric rings of stone. the number of stones in

17、 the first ring is 9， in the second ，18， up to 81 in the 9th ring. even the number of carved balustrades on these terraces is a multiplee of 9. but why?according to ancient chinese philosophy， yin and yang were two opposing factors. heaven and the odd numbers belonged to yang while the earth and eve

18、n numbers belonged to yin. nine was the largest heavenly number accessible to man . what is more， the ancient people also believed that heaven consisted of nine layers and that the emperor s abode was on the uppermost tier.once more look at the round stone in the center. the upper terrace is nine zh

19、ang (a chinese unit of length， one zhang equals 3.3 meters ) in circumference ，while the middle is 15 zhang， the lower，21 zhang. classified as yang numbers， the sum of these numerals is 45 zhang which was meant to symbolized success. what is more， by applying the concept of odd numbers and strengthe

20、ning nine and its multiples， the concept of heaven was thus illustrated and realized . the concept of nine will also be mentioned when we visit some other buildings.now i will give you a brief account of what happened here annually on the inter solstice. the memorial tablet dedicated to heaven would

21、 be set up on the north side of the terrace， while tablets dedicated to the emperor s ancestors would be enshrined on the flanks. the service would begin around 4 o clock in the morning. all of the lanterns would be lit .in the foreground， a sacrificial calf is being barbecued. on the square in fron

22、t of the altar， the emperor， under heavy escort of nearly a thousand courtiers， princes of royal blood ，musicians， dancers and uniformed soldiers， would slowly ascend the altar to offer sacrifice and pray in honor of heaven. when the service drew to a close ，the sacrifice offered in front of the mem

23、orial tablets would be incinerated .all of participants would watch the thick smoke rise upward as if they were seeing god off .music and dancing would follow .in the end ，the emperor would return to the forbidden city secure in the belief that he would be blessed and protected by heaven until the n

24、ext winter solstice.it is interesting to note that ，the stone in the very middle of the altar was of major importance ，since it was where the emperor used to stand to say his prayer. the stone ，which is known as the gods heart stone， is peculiar in that it is characterized by a specific acoustic phe

25、nomenon: it made the emperor s voice clearer and louder， thus adding to the mystic atmosphere of the service .you can try this out by yourself. (proceed northward to pass through the lattice stargate)this structure is known as heaven s storehouse. it is entered through the gate of glazed tiles. the

26、roofing，beams， and brackets are all made of glazed tiles or bricks. this is the only structure of its kind in china today .the heaven s storehouse was where memorial tablets dedicated to the gods were kept. douglas hurd， a former british foreigh secretary ，once said ， “god attends to his affairs on

27、the cir4cular mound altar but stays here. ” now let s go in to to see it (go through the left side door)(in the courtyard of heaven s storehouse)this is the imperial vault of heaven， the main structure of heaven s storehouse. it was built in 1530 and is 17 meters in height and 19 meters in diameter.

28、 the structure feature blue roofs topped by a gilded ball ，and carved wooden doors and windows. it is decorated with colored paintings. founded on a 3-meter-hign round marble terrace ，the building also features a gigantic carved marble ramp laid in the stone staircase leading up to the front entranc

29、e. the ramp is carved in “two dragons playing with a pearl ” design in relief. we will enter the main hall by going up the stone staircase on the eastern side.the arch of the hall is buttressed by 16 giant pillars on two rings. on top of the pillars there are gilt brackets supporting a circular cais

30、son ，or covered ceiling .the ceiling is characterized by a golden coiling dragon design. the 8 pillar of the inner ring are painted scarlet and decorated with golden lotuses.to the north of the hall there is a marble pedestal. atop it ，up a wooden flight of 9 steps， is where the major tablet dedicat

31、e to heaven was enshrined. on each flank four tablets are enshrined in honor of the ancestors of the qing emperors. in the annex hall in hornor of the ancestors of the qing emperors. in the annex halls in the courtyard， there are tablets dedicated to the deities of the sun， moon ，constellation， clou

32、d ，rain， wind and thunder.aside from exquisitely laid out architectures， heaven s storehouse is also famous for two structures with peculiar acoustic features， i. e. the echo wall and the triple- sound stone. a mere whisper at any point close to the wall can be heard clearly on the other side， altho

33、ugh the parties may be 40 or 50 meters apart. this is possible because the wall is round and hermetically constructed with smooth ，solid bricks.in front of the steps leading away from the halls is the triple sound stone. if you stand on the first stone and call out or clap your hands， the sound will

34、 echo once; on the second stone， the sound will be heard twice; and on the third stone， the sound will repeat three times. hence the name. (go out through the right door and stroll along the circular path nor thward)the temple of heaven is also famous for its cypress trees-there are more than 60，000

35、 cypress trees in all，among which over 4，000 are more than one hundred years old ，adding to the solemn atmosphere of the temple .this tall cypress was planted more than 500 years ago. its thick branches and twisting trunk resembling nine coiling playful dragons; thus it is known as the nine-dragon c

36、ypress. it is said that this tree was here to welcome the monarchs. now it is here to welcome visitor from all over the world.Now we are back again on the central axis. this brick-arched gate is known as chengzhen (adopting fidelity) .this gate is the northern gate of the circular mound altar and th

37、e hall of prayer for good harvest. the hall of prayer for good harvest is situated at the extreme end of the axis. it was used by the emperor in the first month of every lunar year for services dedicated to good harvest.entering the hall of prayer for good harvest， we set foot on a raised passage 36

38、0 meters long， which the emperor also took to proceed to the hall. this broad north-south walkway， called danbiqiao (red stairway bridge)， connects the two sets of main building in the temple of heaven and constitutes a single axis.the passage is divided into left， control and right paths by the cro

39、ss arrangement of slabs. the central and the widest path is known as heavenly thoroughfare ， which was reserved exclusively for god; nobody， including the emperor， was allowed to set foot onto it . the emperor used the path on the east，which is known as the imperial walk. the ministers and princes u

40、sed the one on the west .interesting enough ，there is no walkway left for ordinary people. this is because the temple of heaven used to be off-limits to them.contrary to appearances， this walkway is not a bridge at all . but how so ? this road is 4 meters above the ground and there is a cavern under

41、neath that was reserved for sacrificial oxen and sheep. the cattle were slaughtered at a slaughterhouse about 500 meters away and brought here for sacrifice. all in all ，it can be said this walkway did serve as bridge and can be looked upon as the first cloverleaf in beijing.looking back at the thor

42、oughfare， you may realize that this walk is gaining height toward its northern end. as people approach the architectural group of the hall of prayer for good harvest， the flanking groves of cypress recede and perspective widens. here you are in heaven.the marble terrace up ahead is called jufutai， o

43、r costumechanging terrace. it is located to the east of the red stairway bridge and covers a space of 25 square meters .it has marble slab balustrades. the day before the service ，officials in charge would put up a yellow satin tent on the terrace for the emperor to change out of his yellow dragon r

44、obe into blue ceremonial clothes. after the service，the emperor would return to the tentand change back into his imperial robe before returning to the palace. (proceed to the south gate of the hall of prayer for good harvest)this structure is called the gate of pray for good harvest. we can catch a

45、slight glimpse of the central building ，the hall of prayer for good harvest， though the colonnade of the gate. a gigantic and lofty group of buildings， the complex includes the gate of prayer for good harvest， the hall of prayer for good harvest， eastern and western annex halls ，the huanqian (imperi

46、al heaven) long corridor， heaven kitchen， slaughterhouse， etc.the annex halls were symmetrically built on a 1.5-meter-hignbrick-and-marble terrace ，to set off the loftiness and magnificence of the main hall .this unique building ，38 meters in height， is characterized by a cone-shaped structure with

47、triple eaves and a top that is crowned by a gilt ball. the roofing is made of blue glazed tiles， the color of the sky .underneath the roof， the beams and bracket are decorated with colored paintings. the base of the structure is a triple-tiered， circular marble terrace. at a distance， the terrace lo

48、oks like a gigantic， spiraling cloud with the structure perched on top of it .today the hall of prayer for good harvest is the hallmark of beijing， which enjoys a prolonged history of civilization.the base of the hall is a triple-tiered， circular marble terrace， which is 90 meters in diameter and 6

49、meters in height ，covering a space of 4，000 square meters. meticulous accuracy was given to the layout of the structure. in the middle of each three-tiered flight of stairs， there is a giant marble ramp carved in cloud， dragon and phoenix designs. to set off the ramps， the top of the balustrades and downpipes are designed with corresponding flo