2023年高中英语语法定语从句教案及练习.docx

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1、2023年高中英语语法定语从句教案及练习 高中英语语法-定语从句 定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常 出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从

2、句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2） whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pa me the book

3、whose （of which） cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句

4、中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词+ which结构，因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which） one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which） I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which） he refused our offer

5、? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和介+which引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which） he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which） he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 及物动词和不及物动词 A 有些

6、动词只是及物动词; 它们不可以单独用，后面必须跟宾语。 False: They always want after lunch.Right: They always want a cup of tea after lunch. False: He is sending now.Right: He is sending a letter now. B 有些动词只是不及物动词；它们可以单独用，如果后面想接宾语，动词后面必须加上介词。 - 1 18.6 as, which 非限定性定语从句 由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and t

7、hat。As一般放在句首，which在句中。例如： As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health.如我们所知，吸烟有害健康。 The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.太阳使地球暖起来，这对我们人类很重要。 典型例题 1）Alice received an invitation from her bo, _came as a surprise. A.it B.that C.which D.he 答案C.此为非限定性从句，不能用 that修饰，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句

8、成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。 2）The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect. A.what B.which C.that D.it 答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。 3）It rained hard yesterday, _ prevented me from going to the park. A.that B.which

9、 C.as D.it 答案B.as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点： （1）as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。 （2） as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。在本题中，prevent由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为B。 as 的用法 例1.the sameas；suchas 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和一样。例如： I have got into the same trouble as he

10、（has）.我碰到了跟他一样的麻烦。 例2.as可引导非限制性从句，常带有正如。例如： As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health.如我们所知，吸烟有害健康。 As is known, smoking is harmful to ones health. As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。 18.7 先行词和关系词二合一 1） Whoever spits in public will be punished here.（Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替） 2） T

11、he parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.（what 可以用all that代替） 18.8 what/whatever; that/what; who/whoever 1）what = the thing which；whatever = anything。例如： What you want has been sent here.你要的动词都送来了。 Whatever you want makes no difference to me.不管你要什么，跟我没什么关系。 2） who= th

12、e person that whoever= anyone who。例如： （错）Who breaks the law will be punished. （错）Whoever robbed the bank is not clear. （对）Whoever breaks the law will be punished.王子犯法，与庶民同罪。 （对）Who robbed the bank is not clear.谁抢了银行还不清楚。 3） that 和 what 当that引导定语从句时，通常用作关系代词，而引导名词性从句时，是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省

13、略。What只能引导名词性从句，用作连接代词，作从句的具体成分，且不能省略。例如： - 3 A.of whom B.from whom C.about that D.who 14.In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions _ were asked in French. A.where B.who C.in which D.which 15.Have you read the book _ I lent to you? A.that B.whom C.when D.whose 16.Finally, the thief ha

14、nded over everything _ he had stolen to the police. A.that B.which C.whatever D.all 17.The foreign guests, _ were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport. A.most of them B.most of that C.most of whom D.most of those 18.This is the very letter _came last night. A.who B.which C.that

15、D.as 19.I know only a little about this matter; you may ask _ knows better than I. A.whoever B.whomever C.anyone D.the one 20.This is the school _ we visited three days ago. A.where B./ C.when 21.This is the factory _ we worked a year ago. A.where B.that C.which A.which B.in which C.that D.what D.on

16、 which 22.Nearby were two canoes _ they had come to the island. D./ 23.Jack is pleased with _ you have given him and all _ you have told him. A.that, what B.what, that C.which, what D.that, which 24.Do you work near the building _ colour is yellow? A.that B.which C.its D.whose 25.In the dark street,

17、 there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. A.whom B.who C.to whom D.form whom 26.Is this school _ we visited three years ago? A.the one B.which C.that D.where 27.Is this the school _ we visited three years ago? A.the one B.where C.in which D./ 28, How many students are there in your cla

18、 _ homes are in the country? A.whose B.who C.whom D.which 29.Alice received an invitation from her bo, _ came as a surprise. A.it B.which C.that D.he 30.The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage _ already seven other people.A.when there were B.which there were C.that there were D.where

19、there were 31.I live in the house _ windows face south. A.which B.whose 32.- What game is popular with them? C.where D.in that - The _ most is tennis.A.game they like it B.game they like C.best game they like D.best game they like it 33.They stayed with me three weeks, _ they drank all the wine I ha

20、d. A.which B.which time C.during which time D.during which 34.The room _ Mr.White lives is not very large. A.that B.which C.where D.when 35.Dont forget the day _ you were received into the Youth League. A.when B.that C.at which D.where 36.Ive finished writing the novel, _ is to be published next month. A.that B.what C.which D.when 37.He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, _ was unexpected. - 56 - 高中英语语法定语从句教案及练习 高中英语语法定语从句小结 高中英语语法总结定语从句 高中英语语法教学设计 定语从句 高中英语定语从句语法教案 英语语法高中英语定语从句解题六关 高中英语语法主语从句讲解及练习 高中英语语法专题复习专题十二 定语从句教案 高中语法定语从句专项练习 高中英语定语从句讲解及练习