2021届梅县星聚中学高三英语下学期期末试题及参考答案.pdf

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1、2021 届梅县星聚中学高三英语下学期期末试题及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Theatre reflects the values of the civilization out of which it grows.The following are the types of theatre performances an ancient Roman might have witnessed then.Fescennine Verse Fesce

2、nnine Verse was a pioneer of Roman comedy.Ironic and improvisational（即兴的）,it was used mainly at festivals or weddings,and as invective.With early native Italian funny dialogues in Latin verse,it was thought to have combined with a tradition of performances by masked dancers and musicians from Etruri

3、a.Fabula Atellana Fabula Atellana relied on common characters,masks,direct humor,and simple plots.They were performed by actors improvising.Fabula Atellana came from the Oscan city of Atella.There were 4 main types of characters:the braggart,the greedy blockhead,the clever hunchback and the stupid o

4、ld man,like modern Punch and Judy shows.Fabula Togata Named for the clothing symbolic of the Roman people Fabula Togata had various subtypes.One was the Fabula Tabernaria,named for the tavern（酒馆）where the comedys preferred characters,lowlifes,might be found.One describing more middle-class types,and

5、 continuing the Roman clothing theme,was the Fabula Trabeata.Fabula Praetexta Fabula Praetexta is the name for Roman tragedies on Roman themes,Roman history or current politics.Fabula Praetexta was less popular than tragedies on Greek themes.During the Golden Age of drama in the Middle Republic,ther

6、e were four great Roman writers of tragedy,Naevius,Ennius,Pacuvius,and Accius.Of their surviving tragedies,90 titles remain.All the performances above began as a translation of Greek forms,even to the extent of their being performed in Greek costume.1.Where might an ancient Roman witness Fescennine

7、Verse?A.At a party.B.At a funeral.C.At a wedding.D.At a concert.2.Which type of performance describes the middle-class life?A.Fabula Atellana.B.Fabula Tabernaria.C.Fabula Trabeata.D.Fabula Praetexta.3.What do the listed types of performances have in common?A.They copy Latin dramas.B.They take on Gre

8、ek forms.C.They reflect Roman themes.D.They refer to Italian stories.B Why isnt science better?Look at career incentive(激励).There are oftensubstantial gaps between the idealized and actual versions of those people whose work involves providing a social good.Government officials are supposed to work

9、for their constituents.Journalists are supposed to provide unbiased reporting and penetrating analysis.And scientists are supposed to relentlessly probe the fabric of reality with the most rigorous and skeptical of methods.All too often,however,what should be just isnt so.In a number of scientific f

10、ields,published findings turn out not toreplicate(复制),or to have smaller effects than,what was initially claimed.Plenty of science does replicate meaning the experiments turn out the same way when you repeat them-but the amount that doesnt is too much for comfort.But there are also waysin which scie

11、ntists increase their chances of getting it wrong.Running studies with small samples,mining data for correlations and forming hypotheses to fit an experiments results after the fact are just some of the ways to increase the number of false discoveries.Its not like we dont know how to do better.Scien

12、tists who study scientific methods have known about feasible remedies for decades.Unfortunately,their advice often falls ondeaf ears.Why?Why arent scientific methods better than they are?In a word:incentives.But perhaps not in the way you think.In the 1970s,psychologists and economists began to poin

13、t out the danger in relying on quantitative measures for social decision-making.For example,when public schools are evaluated by students performance on standardized tests,teachers respond by teaching“to the test”.In turn,the test serves largely as of how well the school can prepare students for the

14、 test.We can see this principleoften summarized as“when a measure becomes a target,it ceases to be a good measure”playing out in the realm of research.Science is a competitive enterprise.There are far more credentialed(授以证书的)scholars and researchers than there are university professorships or compar

15、ably prestigious research positions.Once someone acquires a research position,there is additional competition for tenure grant funding,and support and placement for graduate students.Due to this competition for resources,scientists must be evaluated and compared.How do you tell if someone is a good

16、scientist?An oft-used metric is the number of publications one has in peer-reviewed journals,as well as the status of those journals.Metrics like these make it straightforward to compare researchers whose work may otherwise be quite different.Unfortunately,this also makes these numbers susceptible t

17、o exploitation.If scientists are motivated to publish often and in high-impact journals,we might expect them to actively try to game the system.And certainly,some doas seen in recent high-profile cases of scientific fraud(欺诈).If malicious fraud is the prime concern,then perhaps the solution is simpl

18、y heightened alertness.However,most scientists are,I believe,genuinely interested in learning about the world,and honest.The problem with incentives is that they can shape cultural norms without any intention on the part of individuals.4.Which of the following is TRUE about the general trend in scie

19、ntific field?A.Scientists are persistently devoted to exploration of reality.B.The research findings fail to achieve the expected effect.C.Hypotheses are modified to highlight the experiments results.D.The amount of science that does replicate is comforting.5.What doesdeaf earsin the fourth paragrap

20、h probably refer to?A.The public.B.The incentive initiators.C.The peer researchers.D.The high-impact journal editors.6.Which of the following does the author probably agree with?A.Good scientists excel in seeking resources and securing research positions.B.Competition for resources inspires research

21、ers to work in a more skeptical way.C.All the credentialed scholars and researchers will not take up university professorships.D.The number of publication reveals how scientists are bitterly exploited.7.According to the author,what might be a remedy for the fundamental problem in scientific research

22、?A.High-impact journals are encouraged to reform the incentives for publication.B.The peer-review process is supposed to scale up inspection of scientific fraud.C.Researchers are motivated to get actively involved in gaming the current system.D.Career incentives for scientists are expected to consid

23、er their personal intention.C A dog spentthe lastfour years of his life waitingat a crossroad in the Thai city ofKhon Kaenas if waiting for someone.People originally thought the dog had been abandoned,but then realized that he looked healthy,so people asked around about him.It turned out that the do

24、g had indeed been spending most of his time around that crossroad,but a woman had been coming round regularly to bring him food and water.One day,while photographing the dog everyone called Leo,a reporter met the woman who had been taking care of him.She had come to drop off some food.After learning

25、 the story about the dog and the woman,the reporter decided to share the story on social media.The post soonwent viraland the photos of Leo got shared hundreds of times.And the photos reached the eyes of Leos former old owner.Nang Noi Sittisarn,a 64-year-old woman fromThailandsRoiEtProvince,almost h

26、ad a heart attack when her daughter showed her a photo of the beloved dog named BonBon she had lost during a car trip.When she learned that he had been waiting for her in the same spot for the last four years，her heart melted(融化).Auntie Noi told her daughter to drive her to where the dog was waiting

27、.When she got there and called his name.BonBon，the poor dog started wiggling(扭动)his tailand came to her，but when she tried to take him home with her,he was unwilling to follow.She didn t want to force the dog to come with her so she agreed to leave him with his new master.However,she and her daughte

28、r will come to visit him regularly.8.Why did the dog look healthy after separation from his former owner?A.He walked around the crossroad constantly.B.He was kept at a womans home all the time.C.A local reporter brought him food and water.D.A woman looked after him on a regular basis.9.What does the

29、 underlined phrase“went viral”in paragraph 2 probably mean?A.Changed surprisingly.B.Spread quickly.C.Appeared gradually.D.Fell directly.10.How did Nang Noi Sittisam feel about the dogs waiting for her?A.Shocked.B.Regretful.C.Touched.D.Proud.11.What can we mainly learn from the story about the dog?A.

30、Unbelievable success is worth waiting for.B.We should adjust ourselves to environments.C.We need to learn to be faithful and thankful.D.No one knows the result until the last minute D I had very good parents.My mother came toAmericafromScotlandby herself when she was 11,and she didnt have much educa

31、tion.My dad was kind of a street kid,and he eventually went into the insurance business,selling nickel policies door to door.One day,my dad asked his boss,“Whats the toughest market to sell?”and the insurance guy replied“Well,black people.They dont buy insurance.”My dad thought,but they have kids;th

32、ey have families.Why wouldnt they buy insurance?So he said,“Give meHarlem.”When my dad died in 1994,I talked about him onThe Tonight Show.I told the story of how he worked in Harlem and how he always taught us to be open-minded and not to say or think things of racism(种族主义).Then one day,I got a lett

33、er from a woman who was about 75 years old.She wrote that when she was a little girl,a man used to come to her house to collect policies.She said this man was the only white person who had ever come to dinner at their house.The man was very kind to her,she said,and his name was Angelowas this my fat

34、her?The letter made me cry.I called her up and said yes,that was in fact my dad,and she told me how kind he had been to her family.Her whole attitude toward white people was based on that one nice man she met in her childhood,who always treated her with kindness and respect and always gave her a pie

35、ce of candy.From this experience,I learned a valuable life lesson:never judge people and be open-minded and kind to others.12.What did my father do after knowing what was the toughest market to sell?A.He asked his boss to give him some insurance.B.He went toScotlandto improve his education.C.He spec

36、ially went to white families with kids.D.He choseHarlemto face the toughest challenge.13.What can we learn from the third paragraph?A.It was rare that a businessman had dinner in his customers house.B.Angelo was the only white person to sell insurance inHarlem.C.The little girl admired Angelo very m

37、uch.D.Racism was a serious problem inAmericaat that time.14.Which of the following can best describe the authors father?A.Stubborn and generous.B.Patient and intelligent.C.Determined and open-minded.D.Confident and romantic.15.What can be the best title of the passage?A.Memories from a TV Show.B.A L

38、etter from an Old Lady.C.Life Lessons from My Father.D.My Fathers Experience inHarlem.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Never Get Rid of an Old Phone without Doing These Things When youre ready to upgrade your cellphone to a new model,there are some important steps

39、 you need to take first to make sure your privacy and personal data are protected._16_In your old phone,there are many important things that you dont want to lose.It is the first step of cellphone recycling to back it up.You can either keep your old files to a memory card or store them online using

40、the cloud.Sign out of all accounts._17_This way anyone who receives your phone would not be able to gain access to any accounts that you might have previously used.You had better keep a list of your passwords handy to prevent you forgetting them.Change account passwords.For extra protection,change i

41、mportant passwords that you may have saved to your smartphone.The factory reset of the phone should remove any saved passwords along with your data,but we recommend you take this extra precaution(预防措施),_18_ Remove SIM and memory cards.Not only will those have personal information saved on them like

42、contacts or photos,but you may be able to reuse them in your new phone.If you dont need your SIM card anymore,you can treat it like a declined credit card in a movie._19_ Perform a factory reset.The reset will wipe the phone,deleting your personal data and any apps youve installed._20_For Android ph

43、ones,sometimes a full factory reset does not remove your email addresses,texts,and other important data.So it is important to encode your data before wiping it.A.Back up the data on the phone.B.Cut the card in half,for example.C.Of course you re not going to just throw it away.D.It will also change

44、the phone back to itsinitial state.E.because you cant be too careful with phone recycling.F.It helps ensure that all identifying information is removed.G.and you could even email your data to yourself if theres not that much.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四

45、个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 It was a few days before Christmas many years ago.It looked like it would be a(n)_21_one for my family.The factory where I was working had laid off(解雇)many of us workers,so we didnt have much_22_.My wife and I had saved to buy our young children some toys,_23_an unexpected car rep

46、air had taken most of our cash.We decided that we could only_24_to get one small gift for each of our children.We arrived at the_25_,walked down the parking lot and saw people putting gifts into their_26_.We searched all through the store_27_to find one thing each of our small children would like._2

47、8_,we were able to get one for each of them.We_29_the checkout(结账台),bought the toys and were_30_that we even had a few dollars_31_finning.As we walked out of the store into the winter_32_,I stopped and dropped those_33_into the charity box.I didnt have a dime(一角硬币)left but that didnt_34_.Suddenly,it

48、 felt like Christmas.I think the_35_actress Dale Evans_36_it best when she said:“Christmas,my child,is love in_37_.”It doesnt have to be a gift of money,either.When we_38_our smile,its Christmas.When we give others our_39_and compassion(同 情),its Christmas.When we do anything at any time to_40_anothe

49、r,its Christmas.May you do all you can to make it Christmas every day of the year and every day of your life here.21.A.color1 ful B.poor C.early D.exciting 22.A.time B.energy C.noise D.money 23.A.but B.or C.so D.if 24.A.refuse B.remember C.afford D.hesitate 25.A.store B.station C.gym D.hospital 26.A

50、.offices B.bedrooms C.cars D.houses 27.A.forgetting B.agreeing C.pretending D.hoping 28.A.Immediately B.Thankfully C.Sadly D.Strangely 29.A.headed for B.gave up C.turned off D.kept off 30.A.discouraged B.worried C.puzzled D.surprised 31.A.watched over B.looked over C.left over D.taken over 32.A.air