(英语)高二英语语法填空答题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析.pdf

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1、(英语)高二英语语法填空答题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析 一、高中英语语法填空 1.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Cathy Martin is a hurricane hunter with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA).For six months each year,she is part of a team that collects she describes as vital data,to save life and property.When wind

2、s pick up,(spin)toward the Caribbean and U.S.coastline,Martin and(she)flight team spring into action.They use instruments called dropsondes,which(set)free from a tube at the back of the plane.As a dropsonde makes its 10,000-foot landing into the sea,it sends out information about air temperature,pre

3、ssure,humidity,and the speed and _(direct)of the wind.On an eight-hour flight,Martins team(typical)drops 15 to 20 dropsondes while flying from one side of the storm _ the other,trying to cover as much ground as possible.They head for the center(or eye)of the storm,theres no wind,and also search for

4、the strongest winds,to help people on the coast prepare for whats coming.Sometimes,they will use an unmanned aircraft(gather)data closer to the oceans surface.Though these flights can be long,(tire)and often last several days in a row,Martin likes her job and wishes she could fly every day.【答案】what;

5、spinning；her；are set;direction；typically;to;where;to gather；tiring【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了 Cathy Martin以及她的团队是如何收集数据 预测飓风的。(1)考查宾语从句。句意：每年有六个月的时间，她是一个团队的成员，这个团队收集 她所说的 重要数据，以拯救生命和财产”。本句为宾语从句，因为从句中缺少宾语，指代 事物，故填what。(2)考查非谓语动词。句意：当风力增强，向加勒比海和美国海岸线旋转时，马丁和她 的飞行团队立即行动起来。spin与逻辑主语 wind是主动关系，故填现在分词作状语，故填 spinn

6、ing o(3)考查代词。修饰名词 flight team使用形容词性物主代词，故填 her。(4)考查时态语态。句意：他们使用一种叫做下投式探空仪的仪器，这种仪器从飞机后 部的管子中释放出来。主语是 dropsondes与谓语动词构成被动关系，结合上下文使用一般 现在时，主语为复数名词，故填 are set。(5)考查名词。句意：当探空仪降落在 10000英尺的海面上时，它会发出有关空气温 度、压力、湿度以及风速和风向的信息。根据上文名词并列结构 the speed and可知，应填 名词，故填direction。(6)考查副词。句意：在 8小时的飞行中，马丁的团队从风暴的一边飞到另一边时，

7、通 常会放下15到20个探空仪，试图覆盖尽可能多的地面。修饰动词 drop应用副词，故填 typically。(7).考查介词。from-to固定短语，从 至U；故填to。(8)考查定语从句。句意：他们前往风暴中心(或风眼)，那里没有风，也寻找最强的风，帮助沿海地区的人们为即将到来的风暴做好准备。本句为定语从句修饰先行词 center,且 在定语从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词 where。(9)考查非谓语动词。句意：有时，他们会使用无人驾驶飞机收集更接近海洋表面的数 据。本句为不定式to do作目的状语，故填 to gather o(10)考查形容词。句意：虽然这些飞行时间很长，也很累，而且常

8、常会持续好几天，但 马丁喜欢她的工作，希望她能每天都飞。根据上文系动词 be可知，应填形容词作表语，修 饰物，故填tiring。【点评】本题考点涉及宾语从句，非谓语动词，代词，时态语态，名词，副词，定语从句 以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础 上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确 的单词形式。2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Forbidden City in Beijing,home to the Palace Museum,houses more than 1.8

9、 million cultural relics and is one of the worlds most visited tourist attractions.(mark)the 600th anniversary of the Forbidden City,the Palace Museum will hold a series of events throughout 2020.Over 20 exhibitions will be held,(cover)different areas such as history,art,festivals,and so on.For the

10、special occasion,Along the River during the Qingming Festival,one of Chinas most wide)known masterpieces,will go on display in September 2020.For(it)best preservation,this treasured artwork is seldom fully exhibited.The painting (display)for the first time back in 2005 to celebrate the museums 80th

11、anniversary.Such rare sight is expected to draw huge crowds.In addition,the museum will also display exhibits from other (country).During the past few years,the Palace Museum has been working hard to get the public familiar the history and culture of the Forbidden City.And it seems that these effort

12、s have been paying off,with its popular)reaching a new height.Over 17 million people visited the museum in 2018,of 40 percent were under 30 years old.【答案】To mark;covering;widely;its;was displayed;a;countries;with;popularity;whom【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了北京故宫博物院所在地，拥有 180多万件文 物，是世界上游客最多的旅游景点之一。(1)考查非谓语动词。句

13、意：为了纪念故宫建城 600周年，故宫博物院将在 2020年举办 一系列活动。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故 mark只能做非谓语，表目的用 不定式，故填To mark。(2)考查非谓语动词。句意：将举办 20多个展览，涵盖历史、艺术、节日等不同领域。本句中 cover做非谓语与逻辑主语 20 exhibitions构成主谓关系，故用现在分词，填 covering。(3)考查副词。known为形容词，需要副词修饰，故填 widely。(4)考查代词。preservation为名词，需要形容词修饰，故用形容词性物主代词，填 its。(5)考查时态语态。句意：这幅画于 2005年首次展出，

14、以庆祝该博物馆成立 80周年。(10)考查定语从句。句意：2018年，超过1700万人参观了博物馆，其中 40%的人年龄 在30岁以下。本句为定语从句修饰先行词 17 million people，先行词在从句中做介词 of的 宾语，指人，故填 whom。【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，副词，代词，时态语态，冠词，名词，介词以及定语 从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一 步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形 式。3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。As Alison Gopni

15、k described in her recent book,there are two kinds of parents in modern America:The Carpenter and the Gardener.The carpenter thinks that his or her child can(shape).The idea is that if you just do the right things,get the right skills and read the right books,youre going to be able to turn your chil

16、d _ _a particular kind of adult,she said The gardener,however=is seldom concerned about control)what the child will become and instead provides a protected space explore).The style is all about:creating a rich,nutritious but also variable,diverse,active ecosystem.Gopnik,a psychology and philosophy p

17、rofessor at the University of California,Berkeley,said.Many parents are carpenters,and is really necessary for them to bring up their children.She spent decades researching childrens development and finally d)that parents often focused too much on what their children would be as adults.The harm is t

18、hat parents and their children may become anxiety),tense or unhappy.Were so concerned about our children e think have difficulty mastering their own future that were unwilling to allow them to (free)explore the world.she says.The truth is that the (little)that parents worry about outcomes,the better

19、 their children may live in life.【答案】be shaped;into;controlling；to explore;it;found;anxious;who/that;freely;less【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了现代美国存在的木匠型父母和园丁型父母的 特点。(1)考查语态。句意：术匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。可知，此处主语与动 词之间为被动关系，又因为空前有情态动词 can.。故填be shaped。(2)考查介词。句意：木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。turn.into.固定短 语，将.变成.，故填 into。(3)考查非

20、谓语动词。句意：然而，园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样，而是提供 本句中display与主语painting构成被动关系，且根据时间状语 2005故用一般过去时的被 动语态，主语为单数，故填 was displayed o 考查冠词。考查名词。考查介词。考查名词。(6)(7)(8)(9)sight为名词，此处表泛指 个罕见的景象”应用不定冠词，故填 country为可数名词，由 other修饰，故用复数形式，填 countries o be familiar with sth.固定短语，熟悉某物后跟介词 with，故填with。its为形容词性物主代词后跟名词，故填 popularity

21、o a。一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动名词作介词 about的宾语。故填controlling o(4)考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样，而是提供 一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词 spaceo故填 to explore。(5)考查代词。句意：很多父母都是 木匠型”父母，对他们来说，把孩子抚养成人是非常 必要的。此处为 Its十形容词十for sb十to do sth 的结枸，意为 对某人来说，做某事 是往该句中是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。故填 it。(6)考查时态。句意：她花了几十年的时间研究孩子的发展，最后

22、发现父母往往过于关注 孩子成年后的状况。根据并列连词 and及前句中的谓语动词 spent可知，此处用所给动词 的一般过去式。故填 found。(7)考查形容词。句意：危害在于父母和他们的孩子可能会感到焦虑，紧张或不快乐。此 处用所给词的形容词作 become的表语。故填anxious。(8)考查定语从句。句意：我们非常关心我们的孩子，我们认为他们很难掌握自己的未 来，我们不愿意让他们自由探索世界。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个限制性定语 从句，从句中缺少主语(we think是插入语)且先行词是 our children,故此处用关系代词 who/that引导该定语从句。故填 who/t

23、hat。(9)考查副词。句意：我们非常关心我们的孩子，我们认为他们很难掌握自己的未来，我 们不愿意让他们自由探索世界。此处用所给词的副词修饰动词 explore。故填freely。(10)考查形容词。句意：事实是，父母越不担心结果，他们的孩子可能生活得越好。根 据句意事实是，父母对结果的担心越少，他们的孩子的生活就越好”可知，此处用所给形 容词的比较级，且枸成athe比较级,the十比较级”的结枸。故填less。【点评】本题考点涉及语态，介词，非谓语动词，代词，时态，形容词，定语从句，副词 等多个知识点的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根 据上下文的逻辑关系，并结

24、合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。4.语法填空 As kids reach adolescence,they often face increasing workloads and responsibilities but school still starts early.As a result,it report)that 80 to 90 percent of teens dont get enough sleep.This sleep(lose)causes kids to suffer mentally and physically.But too much sl

25、eep also has its problems.According to Andrew Fuligni,a sleep doctor in a famous hospital,studies the mental health of adolescents,sleeping less than eight hours more,than ten can make teenagers fed worse the next day.(help)teens get enough sleep,some schools have already made school start later.The

26、y have found that the later times let kids sleep more.They also have seen)test scores and better graduation rates.However,this isnt enough.Meanwhile,teenagers have to help (they).Fuligni suggests teens sleep for 10 hours each night for a week or two.This will help them figure how much sleep they req

27、uire to fed their best.However,sleeping more on weekends (be)not a good idea to compensate for missing sleep during the week.Fuligni warns that getting different _(amount)of sleep each,night can be had for mental health.【答案】is reported;loss;who;or;To help;higher;themselves;out;is;amounts【解析】【分析】本文是一

28、篇说明文，介绍了关于青少年的睡眠问题。睡眠在青少年的成 长中很重要。随着孩子们进入青春期，他们经常面临越来越多的工作负担和责任，但学校 仍然很早就开始上课。结果是，有 80%到90%的青少年没有得到足够的睡眠。(1)考查时态语态。结果是，有 80%U 90%的青少年没有得到足够的睡眠。It is reported that.，固定句式，据报道.,敌填is reported o(2)考查名词。这种睡眠不足会让孩子们在精神上和身体上遭受痛苦。句子缺少主语，所以此处应该用名词形式做主语，故填 loss。(3)考查定语从句。此处 a sleep doctor是先行词，指人，后面的非限制性定语从句缺少

29、主语和先行词，故填 who。(4)考查连词。一家著名医院的睡眠医生，他研究青少年的心理健康，睡眠时间少于 8 小时甚至超过10小时，这可能会让青少年第二天的情况变得更糟。or more或更多，故填 or。(5)考查非谓语动词。为了帮助青少年获得充足的睡眠，一些学校已经开始了学校的开 学，帮助青少年获得充足的睡眠，一些学校已经在晚些时候开始上课。此处是动词不定式 做目的状语。故填 To help。(6)考查形容词。他们也看到了更高的考试成绩和更好的毕业率。根据后面的 better,可 知此空用比较级，故填 higher o(7)考查代词。与此同时，青少年不得不帮助他们自己。结合句意，用反身代词，

30、故填 themselves。(8)考查副词。这将帮助他们计算出他们需要多少睡眠才使他们得到最好的睡眠。figure out固定短语，明白，理解，计算出”，故填out。(9)考查时态。为了弥补一周的睡眠不足在周末睡得更多不是一个好主意。此处是动名 词短语作主语，文章讲的是日常情况，所以句子用一般现在时态，故填 is。(10)考查名词。根据 different可知后面的名词用复数形式，故填 amounts o【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态，名词，定语从句，连词，非谓语动词，形容词，代词，副词，时态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基 础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，

31、并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正 确的单词形式。5.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Mochi(年糕)is a traditional food popular in Chinese and Japanese cooking,made from (special)treated rice.It is often presented in the form of a round cake,and is traditionally exchanged at the New Year.Mochi is made by (put)sticky rice i

32、nto water overnight,cooking it and pounding it into a sticky paste.The paste is made into shapes ranging from simple to complex rounds,some of are stuffed with sweet fillings.Mochi is often decorated with (flower)or fruits,especially when it is exchanged as ift at celebrations like birthdays and the

33、 New Year.Traditionally,wooden mortars(臼)and pestles(杵)(use)to pound mochi rice.Fresh mochi is usually cooked and served warm _ a variety of sauces.Steaming and boiling are both popular preparations in Japan,along with cooking.Fresh mochi is soft but it(hard)quickly.Prepacked mochi blocks,flattened

34、and cut into square pieces or shaped into rounds,are available at grocery stores.Mochi can go bad easily,so its good)to cook soon than to keep it in your fridge.Hard mochi pieces can be cooked,deep-fried,boiled,and more.Cooked mochi is very sticky,so be careful not(choke)on it.【答案】specially;putting；

35、which；flowers;a;are used;with；hardens;better；to choke【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国和日本受欢迎的传统食物 一一年糕。(1)考查副词。句意：年糕是一种在中国和日本很流行的传统食物，由经过特殊处理的 大米制成。此处要用副词修饰形容词 treated,故填specially o(2)考查非谓语动词。句意：年糕是将糯米放入水中过夜。by是介词，意为 通过后 接doing形式,故填 putting。(3)考查定语从句。句意：这种糊状物的形状从简单的圆形到复杂的圆形，有些是甜馅 的。此处是定语从句，指代上文的 paste，从句中做介词宾语

36、，用关系代词 which,故填 which。(4)考查名词。句意：年糕通常用鲜花或水果装饰。根据 or fruits,可知此处用名词复 数，故填flowers。(5)考查冠词。句意：尤其是在生日和新年等庆祝活动中作为礼物交换时。根据 as 5 gift,gift礼物，可数名词，故填 a。(6)考查时态语态。句意：传统上，木臼和杵是用来捣糯米的。主语是 wooden mortars and pestles，谓语动词用复数形式的被动语态，又因为时态是一般现在时，故填 are used。(7)考查介词。句意：新鲜的年糕通常是煮熟的，并与各种酱料一起热着吃。介词 with 表示 与亡起”，根据句意，故

37、填 with。(8)考查时态。句意：新鲜的年糕很软，但会很快变硬。主语是 it,是第三人称单数，指 Fresh mochi,时态是一般现在时，故填 hardenso(9)考查形容词。句意：年糕很容易变坏，所以与其把它存放在冰箱里，不如现煮现 吃。根据than可知此处形容词的比较级，故填 better。(10)考查非谓语动词。句意：煮熟的年糕很黏，所以要小心别噎着了。be careful to do sth.固定短语，小心做某事，可知此处用动词不定式，故填 to choke。【点评】本题考点涉及副词，非谓语动词，定语从句，名词，冠词，时态语态，介词，形 容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，

38、要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一 步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形 式。6.Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one

39、 word that best fits each blank.This is where my kids grew up For years now,Ive been wanting to sell our home,the place where my husband and I raised our kids.But to me,this house is more than just a building.In the front room,theres a wall that has hundreds of pencil lines.Every growth stage(mark)i

40、n pencils,with each childs name and the date.Of all the objects and all the memories,its this one thing in a home thats)to leave behind.Our kids grow in so many ways,but the wall is physical evidence of their progress.Friends I know have visited their previous home only iscover)their wall of heights

41、 has been freshly painted over.Over the years,Ive talked about how much I would hate leaving that wall behind when I moved,the last marks were made 10 years ago when my kids stopped growing.So one day,while I was at work,my children decided to do bout it.They hired Jacquie Manning,a professional pho

42、tographer rk is about capturing the beautiful things in life.She came to our house while I was at work,and over several hours,(take)photos of the hundreds of drawings and lines,little grey fingerprints,and old marks.Somehow,she managed to photograph e had experienced in all those years.Afterwards,sh

43、e put all the photos together into one image,(transform)them into a beautiful history of my family.Three weeks later,my childrens wonderful gift made its way to me life-size photo of the pencil lines and fingerprints that represents entire lifetimes of love and growth.【答案】is marked;the hardest;to di

44、scover；even though/even if；something；whose;took;what;transforming;a【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了家里有孩子成长的历程，所以舍不得搬 家，后来孩子把墙上的痕迹拍照合成了图像留作纪念。(1)考查时态语态。根据语境可知，本句描述的是现在的情况，用一般现在时，主语 Every growth stage与动词 mark之间是被动关系，故填 is marked。(2)考查形容词。根据上文的 Of all the objects and all the memories可知，此处是指所有 物品和记忆里面，墙上的铅笔线条是最难割

45、舍的，因此，此处用形容词的最高级。故填 the hardest。(3)考查非谓语动词。句意：我认识的朋友拜访过他们以前的家，发现他们的高墙上刚 刚粉刷过。此处是非谓语动词作结果状语，根据句意和语境可知，发现墙刚刷过是让作者 意外的结果，用不定式做结果状语。故填 to discover o(4)考查连词。句意：尽管最后的标记是 10年前我的孩子停止成长时留下的，但是这么 多年来，我一直在说我搬家的时候会多么不愿意离开那堵墙。前后两句是让步关系，用 even though/even if 弓I导。故填 even though/even if。(5)考查代词。根据下文作者的孩子请了专业的摄影师去家里

46、拍照可知，此处是指孩子 们决定做一些事情。故填 something o(6)考查定语从句。这是个定语从句，先行词是 a professional photographer,指人，关系 词在从句中作定语，用 whose引导。故填 whoseo(7)考查时态。根据上文的 So one day,可知，叙述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，故 填 took。(8)考查宾语从句。句意：不管怎样，她设法拍下了那些年我们经历的一切。这是个宾 语从句，从句缺少宾语，连接词做 experience的宾语，结合句意，故填 what。(9)考查非谓语动词。设空处做前面句子的状语，所给动词用其非谓语形式，逻辑主语 she

47、与transform之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填 transforming。(10)考查冠词。根据后面的名词 photo是个可数名词单数可知，此处需用冠词 a修饰，表不 个”。故填a。【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态，形容词，非谓语动词，连词，代词，定语从句，宾语从 句以及冠词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础 上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确 的单词形式。7.After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coher

48、ent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.We want our children to succeed in school and,perhaps even more importantly,in life.But the paradox(悖论)is that our chil

49、dren can only truly succeed they first learn how to fail.Consider the finding that world-class figure skaters fall over more often in practice than low-level figure skaters.Why are the really good skaters falling over the most?The reason is actually quite simple.Top skaters are constantly challengin

50、g themselves in practice._(stretch)their limitations,they keep trying their best.They fall over so often,but it is precisely why they learn so fast.Lower-level skaters have a quite different approach.They are always attempting jumps they can already do very easily,_ (remain)within their comfort zone