中考英语定语从句易犯错误点课件.pptx

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1、定语从句常见错误类型定语从句常见错误类型2 应用定语从句易犯的小错误应用定语从句易犯的小错误一、一、在定语从句中加了多余的在定语从句中加了多余的宾语。宾语。误：Some of the boys I invited them didnt come 正：Some of the boys I invited didnt come 译：我邀请的男孩中有几个没有来。析：应删去them，因为从句的宾语是省略了的whom，who或that。1.Some of the girls I invited them did not come.此句因删去此句因删去them，因为从句的宾语时省略了，因为从句的宾语时省略

2、了whom/who.2.Is this the photo which you took it last week?应删去应删去it，因为从句的宾语时关系代词，因为从句的宾语时关系代词which，无需再用，无需再用it了。了。4二、把定语从句谓语动词的单、复数弄错。二、把定语从句谓语动词的单、复数弄错。误：Anyone who break the law will be punished 正：Anyone who breaks the law will be punished 译：任何违犯法律的人将被处罚。析：应改break为breaks，因为who指anyone，是单数。knowknowsH

3、e is the only one of the teachers who _(know)French in our school.He is one of the male teachers who _(know)French in our school.Tip：关系代词在从句中：关系代词在从句中 做主语时，从句做主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数必须保持一致。谓语动词的人称和数必须保持一致。1.Those who has finished their homework may leave the classroom now.2.The woman who teach us English is

4、 Jenny.haveteaches3.This is one of the houses that is free now.areone of the+复数名词这一结构中，从句中谓语用复数。复数名词这一结构中，从句中谓语用复数。the only one of the+复数名词，从句谓语用单数复数名词，从句谓语用单数6三、误省略了定语从句中作主语的关系代词。三、误省略了定语从句中作主语的关系代词。误：The key opens the bike is missing 正：The key thatwhich opens the bike is missing 译：开这辆自行车的钥匙不见了。析：应

5、加上关系代词that或which，因为从句少主语，且主语不能省略。小结：小结：1.定语从句中不能缺少先行词。定语从句中不能缺少先行词。2.在从句中作在从句中作主语主语的关系代词不可省。的关系代词不可省。1.This is who everyone respects.(这就是大家尊敬的人。这就是大家尊敬的人。)2.Children eat much sugar often get bad teeth.单句改错并指出错误所在单句改错并指出错误所在the person/manwho8The Attributive clause 1The Attributive clause 1定语从句定语从句91.

6、1.引导定语从句。引导定语从句。2.2.代替先行词。代替先行词。3.3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。在定语从句中担当一个成分。引导词引导词3 3个作用：个作用：10关系代词用法关系代词用法 关系代词关系代词 指代指代 在从句中在从句中 的作用的作用 that which who whom whose(=of which)人物人物 主宾主宾 主宾主宾 主宾主宾 宾宾 定定 人人 人人人物人物 物物 Summary11 that和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但但在下列情况下在下列情况下,一般用一般用that而不用而不用which。Read these sen

7、tences to find the rules.1)Ive read all the books that are not mine.I am sure she has something(that)you can borrow.(RULE1)当先行词是当先行词是all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much 等不定代词等不定代词时或被时或被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,few,only等修饰时等修饰时.122)This is the first book(that)he has read.Th

8、is is the best place(that)we have visited.3)This is the very book that belongs to him.He is just the person(that)we are looking for.(RULE3)先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last,just the等修饰时。等修饰时。that和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互在指物的情况下一般都可以互换换,但在下列情况下但在下列情况下,一般用一般用that而不用而不用which。(RULE2)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。

9、先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。13 4)We were deeply impressed by the teachers and the schools that we had visited there.5)Who that broke the window will be punished.Who is the girl that drove the car?(RULE5)先行词是先行词是who或或who引导的主句。引导的主句。that和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互在指物的情况下一般都可以互换换,但在下列情况下但在下列情况下,一般用一般用that而不用而不用which。(RULE

10、4)当并列的两个先行词分别表示人当并列的两个先行词分别表示人或物或物,用关系代词用关系代词that146)There are 200 people that didnt know the thing.China is no longer the country that it used to be.She isnt the girl that she was 10 years ago.7)Which is the book that you bought last week?Which is the film that got the first class award this year.(

11、RULE7)当主句是当主句是which引导的特殊疑问句时，引导的特殊疑问句时，关系代词用关系代词用that.(RULE6)当先行词在定语从句中作当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時，表语時，关系代词用关系代词用that.15Discussion(1)当先行词是当先行词是all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much 等不定代词时或被等不定代词时或被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,few,only等修饰时等修饰时.(2)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(3)先行词被先行词被th

12、e only,the very,the same,the last,just the等修饰时。等修饰时。(4)当并列的两个先行词分别表示人或物当并列的两个先行词分别表示人或物,用关系代词用关系代词that(5)先行词是先行词是who或或who引导的主句。引导的主句。(6)当先行词在定语从句中作当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時，关系代词用表语時，关系代词用that.(7)当主句是当主句是which引导的特殊疑问句时，关系代词用引导的特殊疑问句时，关系代词用that.从句前有从句前有“不定代不定代”；先行词前先行词前the only，the same，any，the very在，在，或有或有“高、

13、序高、序”去替代，去替代，只用只用“that”来安排。来安排。顺口溜：顺口溜：定语从句中只用定语从句中只用who,不用不用that的情况的情况One who does not work hard will never succeed.Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.She is the only one of the students who has been to the USA.Those who learn not only from books but also through practice will succeed.1.先

14、行词是先行词是one,ones或或anyone时时;先行词为先行词为those 或被或被those修饰，指人时修饰，指人时 2.在以在以there be的句子中，先行词为人时的句子中，先行词为人时 There is a comrade outside who wants to see you.3.当定语从句中又有定语从句当定语从句中又有定语从句,且先行项且先行项都为人时都为人时 The student that won the first prize is the monitor who works hard.4.当指人的先行项被一些指物的名词当指人的先行项被一些指物的名词修饰时修饰时 The

15、re s only one student in the school who I want to see.Do you know the woman in blue with a baby on her back who is working in the fields?5.在非限制性定语从句中指人在非限制性定语从句中指人 I met a friend of mine in the street,who had just come from America.6.定语从句中有插入语时定语从句中有插入语时,且先行项且先行项为人时为人时 Jackson is a man who I believe is honest.定语从句中定语从句中只用WHO,不用that的情况 1.先行词是先行词是one,ones或或anyone时时;先行词为先行词为those 或被或被those修饰，指人时修饰，指人时 2.在以在以there be的句子中，先行词为人时的句子中，先行词为人时 3.当定语从句中又有定语从句当定语从句中又有定语从句,且先行项都为且先行项都为人时人时 4.当指人的先行项被一些指物的名词修饰时当指人的先行项被一些指物的名词修饰时 5.在非限制性定语从句中指人在非限制性定语从句中指人 6.定语从句中有插入语时定语从句中有插入语时,且先行项为人时且先行项为人时