中考英语状语从句课件 (1).pptx

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1、u定义定义:一个_用作状语时,在语法上叫状语从句。这个句子可修饰主句的_._._ 或_状语从句通常由一个引起或起连词作用的_引起或由_._等引起。u分类：分类：状语从句可表示1)_ 2)_ 3)_ 4)_ 5)_ 6)_ 7)_ 8)_9)_等句子句子谓语定语状语整个句子连词词组副词名词词组时间地点原因目的结果条件行为方式比较让步连词:一.表示时间的状语从句可由以下连词引导:1.when,while,as,whenever,before,after,until,till,since,ever since,once,as soon as2.every time,next/last/each ti

2、me,the first time,the moment,the minute,the instant3.instantly,directly,immediately4.hardlywhen,no soonerthan,be about to dowhen It is/has been+一段时间+since从句 It was/wont be+一段时间+before从句二.地点状语从句:where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere.三.原因状语从句:because,as,since/now that;seeing(that)由于,considering that 考虑到,

3、not because/thatbut because/that四.目的状语从句that(=so that),so that,in order that,in case,for fear that,lest.五.结果状语so,that,so that,sothat,such that.六.条件状语从句:if,unless,once,on condition that,as/so long as,so far as(据我所知),providing/provided(that),given(that)假定,七.方式状语:as,as if/though,just as,rather than.八.比

4、较状语从句:than,as 九.让步状语从句:Though,although,even if/though,no matter,whatever,however,whetheror,while(=though),as用用when,while或或as 填空填空:1._ we were talking,Mr Smiths came in.2._ they came home,I was cooking dinner.3.I was about to go to bed _ I heard someone knock at t the door.4._ we were watching TV,he

5、was studying.5.He is fat _ his brother is thin.6._ she sang,tears ran down her face.Conclusion:A:从句为从句为”当当的时候的时候”,从句谓语为延续性动词从句谓语为延续性动词,主句谓语为非延主句谓语为非延续性动词续性动词(即终止性动词即终止性动词),三者可通用三者可通用.B 当从句的谓语动词为终止性动词当从句的谓语动词为终止性动词,只能用只能用when;表示表示”正在那时正在那时”,也只能用也只能用when.C.从句和主句的谓语动词都为延续性动词时从句和主句的谓语动词都为延续性动词时,只能用只能用wh

6、ile;while还还可作并列连词可作并列连词,表示表示”而而”.While/As/WhenwhenwhenWhilewhileAsD.当强调主句和从句的动作同时发生时,只能用as,译为”一边一边;随着”Before与after:1.Finish your homework _ you go out to play.2.I had left the town the day _ she arrived.3.He had walked three days _ he found water.4.It was not long _ he left his hometown.5.I played f

7、ootball _ I(had)finished my homework6.Please tell her Ill come _ _ I do some shopping.7.It will not be long _ we meat each other again.afterafterConclusion:1.Before作为连词,有多种含义,必须根据上下文作出合理的判断.2.Before与after所引导的时间状语从句中,用现在时表示将来时.4.Before引导的从句是过去式,主句是过去时或过去完成时;.主句为过去时,after从句可用一般过去时代替过去完成时.3.Before与afte

8、r 还可作介词,后接名词或-ing形式.till 与until:1.He lived with his parents _ he graduated from college.2.Not _ he told me did I know the truth.3.The children wont _(come/be)home until/till its dark.4.It was _ the war was over that he returned to his land.till/untiluntilcomenot untilConclusion:1.主句为肯定句时,主句的谓语动词应为延续

9、性动词.2.当主句谓语动词为非延续性动词时,谓语动词应用否定式.3.位于句首时.只能用until,不用till.4.notuntil可改写为:It is/was not until that强调句.”not+until引导的从句,一同置于强调句中.5.Till与until 还可作介词,后接名词.如:I waited till/until 3 oclock.其它的时间状语从句其它的时间状语从句:ill.1.I_(be)at his bedside since he _(become)ill.2.It _(be)two years since we _(begin)to use this mach

10、ine.3._he saw the monster,he turned pale.4.The spy had _ returned home than he was told to go to another country.5.We had _returned home when it rained.6._ had we begun when we told to stop.have beenbecameis/has beenbeganThe moment/minute/As soon asNo soonerhardlyHardlyConclusion:1.Since表示表示”自从自从以来以

11、来”,以过去某一时间为起点以过去某一时间为起点,持续到持续到现在或过去的某个时候现在或过去的某个时候;since从句用过去时态从句用过去时态,主句一般用现在主句一般用现在完成时完成时.2.It is/has beensince句型句型.3.表示表示”一一就就”,可用可用the moment;the minute;the instant;as soon as,immediately/directly/instantly以及以及hardlywhen;no soonerthan 等作为连词等作为连词.用because,as,since 与for填空:1.-Why are you crying,meg

12、?-_ Ive broken your necklace,mom.2.I went to bed early _ I was tired.3.I was not kind to him _ he was poor.4.I was not kind to him,_ he was rude.5._ I had a cold,I was absent from school.6.My mother was ill and I sent for Tom,_ he was a doctor.7._ we are all here,lets begin our class.becausebecauseb

13、ecausebecauseAsforSinceConclusion:判断下列句子对错:1.If I will have enough money next year,I will go to England.2.If I am to blame,you are to blame.3.Id be very glad if you would come.条件句的填空:1.If I_(be)a bird,I would fly to you.2.If you _(leave)home a little earlier this morning,you _(catch)the bus.3.If the

14、 sun _(rise)in the west,I _ _(change)my mind.4._ he _(fall)through the ice,he would have drowned.5._ bad weather stops me,I jog every day.6._ I have to sell my house,Ill help those poor children to go on with their studies.7.Ill go _ you go.8._ anything important happens,please call me up.werehad le

15、ftwould have caughtshould risewould changeHadfallenUnlessEven ifAs/so long asIn caseConclusion:1.条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来时.2.If 从句如果表示主语的意志,意愿,或以you作主语表请求时,则用will或would.3.Unless不用于虚拟条件句.4.In case引导状语从句;而in case of后接sth./doing sth.判断下列句子类型判断下列句子类型:1.You would let your children play where you can see them.2.Y

16、ou would let your children play in the place where you can see them.Conclusion:让步状语从句让步状语从句1.He went out,_ it was raining.2._ they are poor,they buy a great many books.3.Strange _ it may seem,he remained single all his life.4.Child _ he is,he has learnt advanced mathematics.5.No matter _ happens,don

17、t be discouraged.6.No matter _ you go,you must write to your parents.7.No matter _ hard he tried,he couldnt open the door.8.No matter _ you marry in the future,he must be an honest man.thoughAlthoughthoughaswhatwherehowwhoConclusion:1.Although多用于句首多用于句首.2.Though可用于句首可用于句首,句中句中;还可用作副词还可用作副词,用于句末用于句末,

18、译为译为:可是可是;但是但是.如如:Its hard work,I enjoy it though.3.Though引导的主语从句还可以把表语提到最前面引导的主语从句还可以把表语提到最前面,而而although则不能这样用则不能这样用.目的与结果状语从句目的与结果状语从句1.He got up early _ he could catch the bus.2._ he could catch the bus,he got up early.3.This book is _ rewritten _ children can enjoy it.4.I was caught in a shower,

19、_ all my clothes got wet.5.Its _ cold _ the lake has frozen.6.There are _ many books there _ I dont know which one to borrow.7.I ran _ fast _ Id got a pain in my side.8.Its _ good a book _ Ive read it again and again.9.It was _ a cold day _ there was nobody on the street.10._ cold weather remained f

20、or three days _ I had to stay at home all day long.Conclusion:1.由由so that;in order that 引导的目的状语从句中通常用引导的目的状语从句中通常用may,could,can等情态动词等情态动词.in order that/so thatIn order thatsothatso thatsothatsothatthatsosothatthatsuchsuchthat2.In order that从句可放于句首从句可放于句首,而而so that 引导的从句只能引导的从句只能放在主句之后放在主句之后.3.sothat

21、引导目的状语时引导目的状语时,so通常修饰动词通常修饰动词.4.So that 引导结果状语从句时引导结果状语从句时,就就 不用情态动词不用情态动词.5.sothat引导结果状语从句时引导结果状语从句时,so常用于修饰形容词或副词常用于修饰形容词或副词,或用于修饰或用于修饰many,much,little,few.6.So也可修饰单数可数名词也可修饰单数可数名词,但顺序为但顺序为:so+adj.+a/an+n.7.Such可修饰任何可修饰任何 名词名词,当其修饰单数可数名词时当其修饰单数可数名词时,语序为语序为:such+a/an+(adj.)+n.比较状语从句比较状语从句:1.His bro

22、ther is _ handsome _ he(is).2.The movie was not _ good _ I had expected.3.Your bag is twice as expensive as _(me).4.The driver drives faster _ he used to(drive).5._ knowledge we learn,_(happy)we will be.Conclusion:1.请保持人称代词的格前后一致.如:1,3.2.倍数词须加在比较结构的前面.如:3.3.句中相同的成分,如动词,常常省去.如:1,4.asasso/asasminethan

23、The morethe happier方式状语从句方式状语从句:1.He stood up _(he wanted)to leave.2.She always talks to me as if she _(be)my sister.3.He walked slowly as if he _(hurt)his leg.as if werehad hurt判断下列句子的类型判断下列句子的类型:1.I will do as you advise.2.As I expected,he won the match.Conclusion:1.As if从句里的主语与动词有时可省略.2.As if 从句叙

24、述的情况如果与事实相符合,从句不用虚拟语气,从句时态与主句保持一致.3.As if 从句叙述的情况如与事实不相符合,则从句用虚拟语气.4.As 引导的从句的动词可用do,does,did来代替,以避免重复.改错改错:1.She was walking on the street while the accident happened._2.I will call you as soon as I will finish my homework._3.After the queen knows it is I that help you run away,she will kill me._4.

25、I have finished the composition when the bell rang._ _while-whenwillAfter Once have-hadConclusion:4.主句从句时态本该一致而不一致主句从句时态本该一致而不一致.1.连词的错用连词的错用.2.时间与条件状语从句中的将来时用一般现在时。时间与条件状语从句中的将来时用一般现在时。3.连词的错用连词的错用概念各种连词的具体用法状语从句中的虚拟语气状语从句的倒装与省略定义定义分类分类连词连词When,while与与asbefore与与afterTill与与untilHardlywhen与与no sooner

26、than的时态的时态Since从句与主句的时态从句与主句的时态Because,as,since,for虚拟条件句虚拟条件句 即即if 引导的虚拟条件句引导的虚拟条件句As if 条件句中的虚拟语气条件句中的虚拟语气虚拟条件句中省了虚拟条件句中省了if 的倒装。的倒装。Though与与as让步状语从句的倒装让步状语从句的倒装比较状语从句中相同动词的省略。比较状语从句中相同动词的省略。As if 方式状语从句中主语与谓语的省略。方式状语从句中主语与谓语的省略。状语从句状语从句状语从句的常见错误连词的错用连词的错用,多用多用.主句从句时态本该一致而不一致主句从句时态本该一致而不一致.时间与条件状语从句中不应该有的将来时。时间与条件状语从句中不应该有的将来时。