高考英语语法专题 主谓一致 课件.pptx

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1、主谓一致主谓一致主谓一致就是“夫唱妇随”，秉着“三大原则”，老婆大人指西，老公绝对不敢往东。主谓一致：在一般现在时中，当主语是单数，谓语动词就要+s或+es；主语是复数，谓语动词就用原型。当然is和are,was和were，以及has和have的选择也是遵循主谓一致。三大原则：1.语法一致原则：看形式，主语是单数形式，就看做单数，主语是复数形式，就看做复数；2.就近原则：看距离，多个主语时，参考的是最靠近谓语动词的。3.意义一致原则:看思想，主语是单数形式，但是表达复数意义，看成复数；主语是复数形式，但表达单数意义，看成单数。什么叫主谓一致？什么叫主谓一致？A or B A或者或者B+谓语动词

2、谓语动词与与B保持一致保持一致not A but B 不是不是A而是而是Bnot only A but also B 不仅不仅A而且而且Bneither A nor B 既不是既不是A也不是也不是Beither A or B 不是不是A就是就是B注意：注意：1.There be+A and B 有有A和和B：与：与A保持一致保持一致 2.Both A and B A和和B都都：要看成复数：要看成复数就近一致原则就近一致原则有题有真相：有题有真相：1.Either you or I am (be)wrong.2.There is (be)a book and some pens on the d

3、esk.3.Not only you but also he is (be)to be blame.4.Not noly I but also Jane and Mary are (be)tired of having one exam after another.A+like（像，例如）（像，例如）/as well as（也，和）（也，和）+B+谓语动词谓语动词与与A保持一致保持一致besides/in addition to/but/except（除了）（除了）with/along with/together with（一起）（一起）rather than（而不是）（而不是）includi

4、ng（包括）（包括）/as much as（一样）（一样）就远一致原则就远一致原则有题有真相：有题有真相：1.All the employes except the manager were (be)encouraged to work online at home.2.Dr.Smith,together with his wife and daughter,was (be)going to visit Beijing this summer.3.The famous musician,as well as his students,had (have)been invited to perf

5、orm at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.考点考点主语形式主语形式把主语看做把主语看做1one and half+复数名词复数名词（一个半（一个半.）单数单数2more than one+单数名词单数名词（不止一个（不止一个.）3-one/-body/-thing构成的复合代词构成的复合代词4to do,doing,主语从句主语从句5each/every/A and each/every B（每一个（每一个.和每一个和每一个.）no A and no B（没有（没有.和和.）many a A and many a B

6、6表时间，金钱表时间，金钱,距离，重量距离，重量的复数名词的复数名词（miles,dollars,pounds,kilograms,kilometres,second,hours,years等）等）注意：考点注意：考点5中第二个中第二个each/every/no/many a可以省略，简化为可以省略，简化为each/every/no/many a A and B常看成单数形式的常看成单数形式的6大考点大考点有题有真相：有题有真相：1.-Did you go to the show last night?-Yeah.Every boy and girl in the area was (be)i

7、nvited.2.Listening to loud music at rock concerts has (have)caused hearing loss in some teenagers.3.Most of what has been said about the Smiths is (be)also true of the Johnsons.考点考点主语形式主语形式把主语看做把主语看做1all，some 表人或可数的的物表人或可数的的物复数复数all,some 表事或不可数的物，抽象概念表事或不可数的物，抽象概念单数单数2a number of+复数名词复数名词 表表“许多许多”复数

8、复数the number of+复数名词，表（复数名词，表（.的数量）的数量）单数单数3a(large)quantity of/an(large)amount of+不可数名词，表不可数名词，表“大量的大量的”单数单数(largr)quantities of/(large)amounts of+不可数名词，表不可数名词，表“大量的大量的”复数复数4the population of.:表示表示.的人口数的人口数单数单数the population of.：.的居民的居民复数复数需要区别对待的考点需要区别对待的考点有题有真相有题有真相1.All is (be)going well.2.All a

9、re (be)agreed on this point.3.A number of children like (like)this song.4.The number of traffic accidents has (have)increased.5.Huge quantities of oil was (be)spilling into the sea.6.80%of the population of our country was (be)peasants.需要区别对待的的考点需要区别对待的的考点考点考点主语形式主语形式把主语看做把主语看做5冠词冠词+A and 冠词冠词+B,表示不

10、同的人或物表示不同的人或物复数复数冠词冠词+A and B,表示同一人或物表示同一人或物单数单数6the+adj，表示一类人表示一类人复数复数the+adj,表示抽象概念表示抽象概念单数单数注意：当注意：当A and B表示一个整体时，要看成单数表示一个整体时，要看成单数a knife and fork（一副刀叉）（一副刀叉）,iron and steel（钢铁）（钢铁）,time and life（岁月）（岁月）有题有真相有题有真相1.The teacher and writer is (be)from Hunan.2.The teacher and the writer are (be)f

11、rom Hunan.3.The young are (be)full of energy.4.The new is (be)sure to replace the old.以复数形式结尾的名词的考点以复数形式结尾的名词的考点考点考点主语形式主语形式把主语看做把主语看做1news，means（方法）（方法）,works（工厂）（工厂）,和以复数形式结尾的学科和以复数形式结尾的学科mathematics（数学）（数学）,politics（政治）（政治）,physics（物理）（物理）单数单数2trousers（裤子）（裤子）,glasses（眼镜）（眼镜）,clothes（衣服）（衣服）,shoe

12、s,scissors（剪（剪刀）刀）,goods（货物）（货物）,arms（武器）（武器）复数复数有题有真相有题有真相1.Mathematics seems (seem)to be difficult to him.2.Her clothes are (be)black and my trousers are (be)white.主语主语主语形式主语形式把主语看做把主语看做集体名词集体名词强调一个整体强调一个整体单数单数强调集体中的各个成员强调集体中的各个成员复数复数常见的集体名词：常见的集体名词：class,family,army（军队）（军队）,team,club,party,crowd,

13、majority（大众）大众）,public,group,committee（委员会）等（委员会）等要看做单数的集体名词：要看做单数的集体名词：people,police,cattle（牛群）（牛群）,youth（年轻人）等。（年轻人）等。集体名词考点集体名词考点有题有真相有题有真相1.The family was (be)going to move to New York 2.His family were (be)all music lovers.one of+名词复数名词复数+定语从句定语从句从句谓语动词看做复数从句谓语动词看做复数the(only)one of+复数名词复数名词+定语从

14、句定语从句从句谓语动词看做单数从句谓语动词看做单数定语从句中，定语从句中，关系代词关系代词who,which,that等在从句中作主语时，等在从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由先行词谓语动词的单复数由先行词决定决定定语从句的主谓一致的考点定语从句的主谓一致的考点有题有真相有题有真相1.Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who weres (wear)evening dress.2.Those who have (have)seen the film please put up your hands.3.

15、I will always treasure the moment that was (be)full of pleasure with you.有题有真相有题有真相1.Two fifths of the land in that district is (be)covered with trees and grass.2.The rest of the bicycles are (be)on sale today.some/a part/most/all/half/the rest/the majority/分数分数/百分数百分数+of+名词作主语的考点名词作主语的考点以以of后的名词的单复

16、数后的名词的单复数为依据为依据1.the+姓氏复数，表“一家人”或“夫妻二人”时，做主语，看做复数举个栗子：The Greens are also invited to the party.其他考点其他考点 1.The number of foreign students attending Chinese university are rising steadily.（单句改错）-are改为is2.-Not only Jeff but also Laura have got an invitation to the party.-Oh,they are both very lucky.（单句

17、改错）-have改为has3.What impresses the readers most is (be)the authors humor and wisdom.-4.With more forests being destroyed,huge quantities of good earth is (be)washed away each year.5.He has donated some money to those who live in poverty,which is (be)of great help.6.Being creative looks (look)like a g

18、ood way to add years to your life.有题有真相有题有真相17.The house was within a stones throw of a railway station from which there were (be)frequent trains to the big city.8.Either you or one of your students are (be)going to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.9.One-third of the country is (be)covered with trees and the majority of the citizens are (be)black people.10.The population of Jiangsu grows (grow)to more than twice what it was in 1949.The figure is now approaching 74 million.有题有真相有题有真相2