一轮复习北师大版高中英语单元梳理：选修七 Unit19 Language 课件.ppt

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1、选修7Unit19Step1诵读经典渗透文化意识.细品味经典文章MyfavoriteEnglishteachercoulddrawhumoroutofthedriestmaterial.Itwasntforcedonuseither.HetookSamuelJohnsonsdictionary,Addisonsessaysandmanyotherliterarywondersfromtheeighteenthcenturyandmadethemfunny,evenateightoclockinthemorning.Thethingthatamazedmemostwasthatthefirstt

2、imeIreadtheseworksonmyownsomeofthemseemeddead,butthesecondtime,afterhisexplanation,IcouldntbelievethatIhadntseenthehumor.Thestoriesandpoemsandplaysweresuddenlyfilledwithallusions(典故)andirony(讽刺)andhilariousmoments.Ilearnedmorefromhimthanfromanyotherteacher.MyleastfavoriteEnglishteacheralsomadepeople

3、laugh.Somestudentsfoundhimtobewonderfullyfunny.Manyothersdidnot.Heassignedjournalsoverasix-weekperiod,tobewritteneveryday.AttheendofthesixweeksIhadanotebookfullofbitsandpiecesaboutmyideas,shortstories,reactionstowhatwehadread,andsoon.Ourteacherannouncedthatwewouldbegradingeachothersjournals.Minewasp

4、assedtoJoe,thatclassclown,whoalwaysbehavedinafunnyorsillyway.Hesawit,madeajokeandsaid,“Thiswritingisntfittolinethebottomofabirdcage.”Ourteacherlaughedatthatfunnyremark.Ithurtmesomuchthattheangerfromithasdrivenmywritingandteachingeversince.So what makes the difference?Humor is one of the most powerfu

5、l toolsteachersorwritershave.Itcanbuildupstudentsandclassesandmakethemexcitedaboutliteratureandwriting,oritcantearthemapart.Itistruethathumoriseitherproductiveorcounter-productiveandself-defeating.按要求完成任务1.写出文章中表示和语言学习有关的单词。_2.写出文章中的优美句式。_dictionary,literary,essays,literature,writing,productive,read

6、Itistruethathumoriseitherproductiveorcounter-productiveandself-defeating.Step2固本强基锻造语言能力.重点词汇1.surroundvt.环绕,围绕;包围【典型例句】Surroundedbyfields,mountainsandrivers,theOldTownofLijianglookslikeajadeinkstoneinspringandsummer.在春夏之际,被田野,群山和河流所围绕着的丽江古城看起来就像一块墨绿色的宝石。【词块必记】(1)surroundsb./sth.(withsb./sth.)(使某人/某

7、物)包围某人/某物besurroundedby/withsb./sth.被某人(物)所包围(2)surroundingadj.周围的,附近的surroundingsn.周围的事物;环境,气氛【语境速测】单句语法填空Iwalkinthedoorandseeabrownsofa_(surround)alowglass-topwoodentable.Helovestobesurrounded_hisfamilyandfriends.Onlyinthiswaycanweliveinmorecomfortableandbeautiful_(surround).surroundingwithsurroun

8、dings句式升级Becauseitissurroundedbyfloodplains,thereisnowhereelseforittoexpand._,thereisnowhereelseforittoexpand.(过去分词作状语)Surroundedbyfloodplains2.informvt.告知,通知;了解【典型例句】TheInternetcankeepusinformedofthelatestnewsintime.因特网可以使我们及时获知最新的信息。【词块必记】(1)informsb./oneselfofsth.通知某人某事informsb.that.告知某人(2)inform

9、ed adj.了解情况的;消息灵通的keepsb.informedofsth.使某人了解某事【知识拓展】和informsb.ofsth.结构相同的短语还有:remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事robsb.ofsth.抢劫某人某物accusesb.ofsth.控告某人某事suspectsb.ofsth.怀疑某人某事warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事【语境速测】单句语法填空Thesalesmanageraskedhismentoinformhim_everythingconcerningthesalesintime.Canyougivemeany_(inform)onthismatter

10、?一句多译他告诉我他平安抵达。He_hearrivedsafely.He_hissafearrival.ofinformationinformedmethatinformedmeof【写作金句】Iamwritingtoinformyouofsomethingaboutmyschoollife.我写信是想告诉你一些关于我的学校生活的情况。3.adjustvi.&vt.调整,调节;使适合,使适应【典型例句】IthasbeenhardtoadjustbutnowImgettingsatisfactionfrommywork.适应虽然艰难,但是现在我已逐渐从工作中获得了满足。【词块必记】(1)adju

11、sttosth./doingsth.适应(做)某事adjustoneselfto.使自己适应于(2)adjustmentn.调整,调节;适应makeadjustmentsto.对进行调整【语境速测】单句语法填空Shemustlearntoadjust_(she)tooverseaslife.Wemadeafewminor_(adjustment)totheplan.句式升级Tomadjustedhimselftothenewlifeandhebecameoneofthebeststudentsinhisclass._,Tombecameoneofthebeststudentsinhisclas

12、s.(现在分词作状语)herselfadjustmentsAdjustinghimselftothenewlife4.guaranteevt.保证;担保n.保证;保证书;抵押品【典型例句】Thisinsuranceguaranteesyouagainstlossincaseoffire.这份保险能弥补你因失火而造成的损失。Weguaranteetoreplywithin10workingdays.我们保证在10个工作日内(给你)回复。【词块必记】(1)guaranteesb.sth.(=ensuresb.sth.)保证某人得到某物guaranteetodosth.保证做某事guaranteet

13、hat.确保guaranteesth.forsometime对保修多久(2)givesb.aguaranteethat.向某人保证underguarantee在保修期内【语境速测】单句语法填空Iguarantee_(be)heretomorrow.Trustme!Iguarantee_youllenjoyyourself.完成句子He_itwouldneverhappenagain.他向我保证这种事情绝不会再发生。Thewatchis_.这只手表仍在保修期内。tobethatgavemeaguaranteethatstillunderguarantee【写作金句】Weshouldpayatte

14、ntiontosmalldetails,whichcanguaranteetosucceedintheend.我们应该注意小细节,这能让我们最终成功。.核心短语5.catchon学会,理解;抓牢;受欢迎,流行起来【典型例句】Ittookmealongtimetocatchontothedirections.我花了很长的时间才弄明白说明书。【词块必记】(1)catchonto.理解catchonfire着火(2)catchsb.doingsth.发现某人在做某事catchsightof看见catchupwith=keepupwith赶上,跟上becaughtin陷入;被卷入;遇上【语境速测】写出

15、下列句中catchon的含义Idontquitecatchontowhatsheissaying._Heinventedanewgame,butitneverreallycaughton._Thepeasant-singerhascaughtonwithlotsofpeoplealloverChina._理解理解流行起来流行起来受欢迎受欢迎【写作金句】DuetoprogramssuchasChinesePoetryCompetition,Chinesetraditionalcultureiscatchingonagain.由于中国诗词大会等节目的播出,中国传统文化又重新流行起来。6.onthe

16、otherhand另一方面【典型例句】Ontheonehand,wemuststudyhard.Ontheotherhand,westudentsshouldtakeanactivepartinsocialactivities.一方面,我们要努力学习,另一方面,我们学生要积极参加一些社会活动。【词块必记】ontheotherhand意为“另一方面”,常与ontheonehand配合使用。foronething.foranother(thing).一则再则one.theother.一个另一个some.others.一些另一些【语境速测】完成句子_Iwanttosellthehouse,but_I

17、cantbearthethoughtofmoving.一方面我想卖掉房子,另一方面我不想搬家。Ididntbuythatcar._,Ididntlikeitscolor,_,Ididnthaveenoughmoney.我没买那辆车,一是我不喜欢它的颜色,二是我没那么多钱。OntheonehandontheotherhandForonethingforanotherthing_movedinsilky,liquidmovements,_werejerky,probablydrunk.一些人动作平稳流畅,其他人则跌跌撞撞,大概是喝醉了。Somepeopleothers.经典句式7.Thirdly,

18、yousaythatthereisadiscountprovidedthatIpayinadvance.第三,你们说我只要预付款就有折扣。【典型例句】Youwillsucceedprovidedthatyouworkhard.只要你努力学习,你一定会成功。【句型公式】此句中的providedthat为连词,引导条件状语从句,相当于onconditionthat/solongas。provided也可以换成providing。在英语中类似的连词还有:supposethat/supposingthat/giventhat/assumingthat等。【语境速测】单句语法填空_(suppose)th

19、atthereisnopurewater;whatshallwedrink?_(give)thattheyreinexperienced,theyvedoneagoodjob.句式升级YouroralEnglishistobeimportantifyoupracticemore.YouroralEnglishistobeimportant_.(provided/providing)Supposing/SupposeGivenprovided/providingthatyoupracticemore【备选要点】1.absencen.缺席,缺乏,离开【典型例句】Herabsenceofminddu

20、ringdrivingnearlycausedanaccident.她驾车时心不在焉,几乎肇祸。【词块必记】(1)absencefrom.缺席,离开absenceofmind心不在焉intheabsenceofsth.由于缺少某物,在缺少某物的情况下intheabsenceofsb.=inonesabsence某人不在时(2)absentadj.缺席的;不在的;心不在焉的,走神的(反义词:presentadj.出席的)beabsentfrom不在,缺席【熟词生义】Whydidyouabsentyourselffromschoolyesterday?你昨天为何缺席未到校?()使缺席使缺席,不参加

21、不参加,不在场不在场【语境速测】单句语法填空Wewereworriedbythe_(absent)ofdefinitefiguresinthereport._theabsenceofanyfurtherevidencethepolicewereunabletosolvethemurder.Howmanystudentsareabsent_classtoday?Ihavetypedoutsomelecturenotesforthebenefitofthosepeoplewhowere_(absence)lastweek.absenceInfromabsent【写作金句】Absencemakest

22、heheartgrowfonder.久别情更浓。2.congratulatevt.祝贺;庆贺;恭喜【典型例句】Letsgoandcongratulatehimonhispromotion.咱们去祝贺他的升迁。【词块必记】(1)congratulatesb.onsth./doingsth.祝贺某人(做)某事congratulateoneselfon(doing)sth.庆幸自己(做)某事(2)congratulationn.祝贺,恭贺(常用复数形式)congratulations(tosb.)onsth.祝贺(某人)某事【语境速测】单句语法填空Hecongratulated_(him)onhav

23、ingsurvivedtheaircrash.Wecongratulatedhim_having_(pass)theexamination.Isendyoumywarmest_(congratulation)onyoursuccess.himselfonpassedcongratulations【写作金句】CongratulationsonyourmakinggreatprogressinlearningChinese.恭喜你在学习中文上取得这么大的进步。3.resemblevt.像;与相似【典型例句】Hisappearanceresembleshisbrother,buttheyhavedi

24、fferentcharacters.他的外表很像他哥哥,但性格却截然不同。【词块必记】(1)resemblesb./sth.in.与某人/某物在方面相似(2)resemblancen.相似resemblancebetweenAandBA与B之间的相似之处beararesemblanceto(=besimilarto)与相似【语境速测】单句语法填空Sheresemblesherteacher_thewayspeakingandwritingEnglish.Thereisastrong_(resemble)betweenthetwobrothers.句式升级Theaccidentwassimila

25、rtotheonethathappenedin1973._thathappenedin1973.inresemblanceTheaccidentresembledtheone4.embarrassvt.使窘迫;使为难【典型例句】Iwasembarrassedtoborrowsomemoneyfromher.向她借钱我感到很难为情。【词块必记】(1)Itembarrasses/embarrassedsb.todosth.做某事使某人窘迫(2)beembarrassedat/about对感到为难/尴尬(3)toonesembarrassment让某人感到尴尬的是(4)embarrassingadj

26、.令人尴尬的【语境速测】单句语法填空Hewasacutely_(embarrass)about/atbeingthecenterofattention.Thatwasan_(embarrass)situationforme.完成句子_sherealizedthateverybodyhadbeenlisteningtohersinging.她意识到大家一直在听她唱歌,感到很不好意思。embarrassedembarrassingMuchtoherembarrassment5.keepto遵守,遵循,按行事;坚持(做某事)【典型例句】Letskeeptothesubject,oryoullgetm

27、etooconfused.别跑题,否则你会把我搞糊涂的。【词块必记】keepaway避开;不靠近keepback保留;阻止keepon继续keepfit保持健康keepoff避开;防止;挡住keepup保持;继续;维持keepupwith跟上;不落在后面【语境速测】写出下列句中keepto的含义Healwayskeepstohispromise._Oncehavingmadeaplan,youshouldkeeptoit._Keeptoit!Youmustnotstoptillthejobisfinished._完成句子Moveyourlegsfasterand_theteacher.走快一些

28、,跟上老师。遵守遵守按按行事行事坚持坚持keepupwithStep3强化检测提升学习能力.单句语法填空1.(2019天津高考)Thethingswelearninmaturityseldominvolve_(inform)andskills.2.(2019北京高考)Whentheseorganismsdie,theyburycarboninthedeepocean,animportantprocessthathelpstoregulatethe_(globe)climate.3.(2018江苏高考)AccordingtotheDallasAreaCulturalAdvocacyCoaliti

29、on,artsagenciesemploymorethan10,000peopleasfull-orpart-timeemployeesor_(dependent)contractors.informationglobalindependent4.(2020浙江高考)Duringyour_(absent),ourclassparticipatedinanEnglishoralcompetition,inwhichwecamefirst.5.(2020新高考全国卷)Historical_(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.absenceaccura

30、cy.语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)Asanewlanguagelearner,Davidworkedveryhardtoattainthegoalhehadset.Ontheonehand,hedidwhathecouldtoadjust1._(him)tothenewsurroundings.Ontheotherhand,hetriedtokeephimself2._(inform)ofthelatestnews.3._(ensure)adequatechancestospeakEnglish,heregisteredforanonlineoralcourse,becausehewas

31、awarethatitwashardforhimtospeakEnglishwellintheabsenceofnativespeakers.4._surprisedusallwasthathenotonlyattendedtheonlinecourses5._(punctual),healsoreadahimselfinformedToensureWhatpunctuallylotofbooksadaptedforbeginners.Inthisway,he6._(large)hisvocabularyaswell.Eventually,hiseffort7._(pay)offandallh

32、isfriendscongratulatedhimontheprogresshehadmade.enlargedpaid.短文改错Duringmylastwinterholiday,Iwenttocountrysidewithmyfathertovisitmygrandparents.Ifindabigchangethere.ThefirsttimeIwentthere,theywerelivinginasmallhousewithdogs,ducks,andanotheranimals.LastwinterwhenIwenthereagain,theyhadabigseparatehouse

33、toraisedozensofchicken.Theyalsohadasmallpondwhichtheyraisedfish.Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbysellthefish.Ifelthappilythattheirlifehadimproved.Attheendofourtrip,ItoldmyfatherthatIplannedtoreturnforeverytwoyears,butheagreed.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在去年寒假期间和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶过程中的所见所闻,由此讲述了乡下的巨大变化。1.

34、【解析】第一句中的countryside前加定冠词the。thecountryside是固定用法,意为“乡下,农村”。2.【解析】第二句findfound。根据前句可知,此文叙述的是去年寒假中的事情,故使用一般过去时。3.【解析】第三句anotherother。other用在名词前作定语,意为“其他的”。4.【解析】第四句herethere。根据文章的叙述角度可知,应该表示的是去乡下,故用副词there。5.【解析】第四句chickenchickens。根据句意可知,此处应该使用可数名词chicken的复数形式。6.【解析】第五句中在which前加介词in或将which改为where。根据句子

35、结构可知,theyraisedfish是定语从句,其先行词是pond,在定语从句中应该作介词in的宾语,或者用关系副词where作状语。7.【解析】第六句sellselling。动词sell在介词by后作宾语,故使用其-ing形式。8.【解析】第七句happilyhappy。动词felt在此处是系动词,意为“觉得,感觉”,其后应该使用形容词happy作表语。9.【解析】第八句for去掉。此处的everytwoyears是名词性短语,意为“每两年”,在句中作状语。10.【解析】第八句butand。根据句意可知,此处表示并列关系,用并列连词and。Step4直击高考培养思维品质.话题与阅读理解(2

36、018全国卷阅读理解C)Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whenth

37、eworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcomp

38、ulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleis

39、thatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamer

40、e6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworldslanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150),Lipan Apache in theUnitedStates(twoorthree)

41、orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了许多语言所面临的窘境随着人类社会的发展,很多语言逐渐消失。1.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?A.Theydevelopedveryfast.B.Theywerelargeinnumber.C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.D.Theywerecloselyconnected.【解析】选B。推理判断题

42、。根据第一段中的Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers.theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.可知,在狩猎时代虽然人口很少,但语言种类很多。2.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinParagraph2?A.Complex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modern.【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句中的increasinglytakingover,意为“越来越占据统治地位”,可知dominant

43、意为“占优势的;占支配地位的”,与C项同义。3.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A.About6,800.B.About3,400.C.About2,400.D.About1,200.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句The median number ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworldslanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.以及第四段第一句中的thetotalof6,800languages可知答案

44、为B。4.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.B.Peopleslifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.【解析】选C。主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述随着人类社会的发展,语言的种类越来越少,故C项为正确答案。【微技能点拨】事实细节题寻读法分为直接理解题和间接理解题,前者常用who,what,which,when,where,wh

45、y和how提问,或判断正误;后者需与原文信息转换,表达上与原文有差异。常见命题形式有:Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Allthefollowingarementionedexcept_.Whichofthefollowingismentioned(notmentioned)?Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue/right/false/wrongabout.?本文第3题为细节理解题,根据策略解题如下:Step1确定题干中的关键词6,000peopleStep2寻读原文找到匹配的关键词:Themediannumberofspeaker

46、sisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworldslanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Step3结合第四段第一句可以得出答案B。【语用提能】话题词汇populate,speech,expert,industrialisation,globalisation,survival短语settledown;accountfor;atrandom熟词生义unevenadj.不平整的;参差不齐的;不平等的;不平坦的;不连续的【语法填空】Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyea

47、rs,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Somelanguage1._(expert)believethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languages.Soon afterwards,many of those people started settling down to becomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemore2._(settle)an

48、dfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,especiallyglobalisation3._(cause)manylanguagestodisappear,and4._(lead)languagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,thedistributionoftheselanguagesis5._(huge)uneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewla

49、nguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,6._hot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200,of 7._ Papua New Guinea aloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalft

50、heworldslanguagesarespokenby8._(few)peoplethanthat.Over400languagesareclosetoextinction,9._onlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceof10._(survive).1.【解析】experts。由前面的Some可知,此处要用复数形式。2.【解析】settled。此处的settled相当于形容词,意为“安定下来的”。3.【解析】havecaused。由前面的时间状语Inrecentcenturies可知,此处要用现在完成时。4.【