英语定语从句ppt课件.ppt

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1、经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用Grammar:Attributive clauseThe woman she lives next door is a doctor.定语从句定语从句/关系从句关系从句The woman who lives next door is a doctor.关系代词关系代词先行词先行词注：关系代词在从句中作主语不能省略注：关系代词在从句中作主语不能省略 关系代词指代人用关系代词指代人用“who”who”或或”that”that”经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按

2、照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用Grammar:Attributive clauseWe know a lot of people they live in London.定语从句定语从句/关系从句关系从句We know a lot of people who live in London.关系代词关系代词先行词先行词注：关系代词在从句中作主语不能省略注：关系代词在从句中作主语不能省略 关系代词指代人用关系代词指代人用“who”who”或或”that”that”经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，

3、增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用Grammar:Attributive clauseThe machine it broke down has now been repaired.定语从句定语从句/关系从句关系从句The machine which broke down has now been repaired.关系代词关系代词先行词先行词注：关系代词在从句中作主语不能省略注：关系代词在从句中作主语不能省略 关系代词指代物用关系代词指代物用“which”which”或或”that”that”经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加

4、赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用Barbara works for a company_.The book is about a girl _.What was the name of the horse _?The police have caught the men _.they stole my carit makes washing machineit won the raceshe runs away from homewhichmakeswashingmachinewhorunsawayfromhomethatwontheracewhostolemycar经营者提供

5、商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用Grammar:Attributive clauseThe woman I wanted to see her was away on holiday.定语从句定语从句/关系从句关系从句The woman I wanted to see whom was away on holiday.关系代词关系代词先行词先行词The woman whom I wanted to see was away on holiday.关系代词作宾语代人用关系代词作宾语代人用“whomwhom，w

6、ho,that,who,that,或省略或省略”。经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用Grammar:Attributive clauseHave you found the keys You lost the keys?定语从句定语从句/关系从句关系从句Have you found the keys You lost which?关系代词关系代词先行词先行词Have you found the keys whichYou lost?注：关系代词作宾语代物用注：关系代词作宾语代物用“whichwhic

7、h，that,that,或省略或省略”。经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用Are these the keys_.They party_ was no fun.I like the people_?George is somebody_.We went to a party last nightYou can rely on GeorgeI work with a lot of peopleYou were looking for some keysyouwerelookingforwewentto

8、lastnightIworkwithyouvanrelyon经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用Grammar:Attributive clauseWe saw some people their car had broken down.定语从句定语从句/关系从句关系从句We saw some people whose car had broken down.关系代词关系代词先行词先行词We saw some people.Their car had broken down注：关系代词注：关系代词wh

9、osewhose作定语，主要代人，也可代物。作定语，主要代人，也可代物。不可省略，不可省略，whosewhose后紧跟其限定的名词后紧跟其限定的名词经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用Grammar:Attributive clauseThe table whose leg got broken is mine.The table the leg of which leg got broken is mine.The table-its leg got broken-is mine.注：关系代词注：关

10、系代词whosewhose作定语作定语代物时代物时=N+of which/of which+N=N+of which/of which+N。The table of which the leg got broken is mine.经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用先行项先行项关系代词在定语从句中的成分关系代词在定语从句中的成分主语主语宾语宾语定语定语人人Who/that(who/that)Whose+N物物Which/that(which/that)Whose+N=N+of which of wh

11、ich+N经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用Grammar:Attributive clauseI went back to the town-I was born in the town.I went back to the town I was born where/in which.I went back to the town where/in which I was born.注：关系副词注：关系副词wherewhere作地点状语，作地点状语，Where=Where=介介+which+wh

12、ich “wherewhere”不能省略。不能省略。I went back to the town（which/that）I was born in.经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用Grammar:Attributive clauseThere were many days-we ate only one meal in those days定语从句定语从句/关系从句关系从句There were many days-we ate only one meal when/in which.There

13、were many days when/in which we ate only one meal.注：关系副词注：关系副词whenwhen作时间状语，作时间状语，“whenwhen”=介介+which+which在非正式语体中：关系副词在非正式语体中：关系副词when when 时常省略，也可用时常省略，也可用thatthat替换替换 经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用当关系副词当关系副词whenwhen作时间状语，先行项是：作时间状语，先行项是：the day/week/year/morning

14、/evening/moment/instancethe day/week/year/morning/evening/moment/instancethe first time/the last time,every timethe first time/the last time,every time等等,关系副关系副词词通常通常省略，也可用省略，也可用thatthat替换替换Do you still remember the day(that)we first met.The last time(that)I saw her,she looked very well.I havent see

15、n them since the year(that)they got married.Every time(that)the phone rings,he gets nervous.经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用Grammar:Attributive clauseThe reason-I became a teacher for this reason-is that I like kids.The reason I became a teacher why/for which is that

16、 I like kids.The reason(why/for which)I became a teacher is that I like kids.注：关系副词注：关系副词whywhy作原因状语，用作原因状语，用“whywhy”=for+which=for+which在非正式语体中：关系副词在非正式语体中：关系副词whywhy时常省略时常省略,也可用也可用thatthat替替换换经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用Grammar:Attributive clauseThe way-You ans

17、wer the questions in this way was admirable.The way you answer the questions in which/that was admirable.The way(in which/that)you answer the questions was admirable注：关系词作方式状语，用注：关系词作方式状语，用“in which/that in which/that”在非正式语体中：关系词通常省略在非正式语体中：关系词通常省略 =How you answer the questions was admirable经营者提供商品或

18、者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用先行项先行项关系副词在定语从句中的成分：状语关系副词在定语从句中的成分：状语非正式语体中非正式语体中地点地点地点状语：地点状语：where=介词介词+whichwhere不能省略不能省略时间时间时间状语：时间状语：when=介词介词+which when通通常常省省略略，可可由由that替换替换 “reason”原因状语原因状语:why=for+which why通通常常省省略略，可可由由that替换替换“way”方式状语：方式状语：in which/that省略省略经营者提供商品

19、或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用一、一、Which和和that在定语从句中指代事物时，一般可互换使用，但在下列情况下在定语从句中指代事物时，一般可互换使用，但在下列情况下通常用通常用that而不用而不用which:1.当先行词是all,everything,anything,nothing,much,few,little,none,theone等不定代词不定代词时，常用that引导定语从句。Eg.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.所有能做的已经做了2.先行词前有only，few，any，l

20、ittle，no，all，every，very等词修饰时，常用that引导定语从句。Eg.ThisistheverybookthatIwanttoread.3.先行词前面有序数词(first，second等)或形容词的最高形式对其修饰时，常用that引导定语从句。Eg.ThisisthefirstletterthatIvereceivedfromhimsinceheleft.4.在并列的先行词中既有人又有物时，不能用who或whom，也不能用which，而要用that引导定于从句。Eg.Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedinthesch

21、ool.经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用一、一、Which和和that在定语从句中指代事物时，一般可互换使用，但在下列情况下在定语从句中指代事物时，一般可互换使用，但在下列情况下通常用通常用that而不用而不用which:6.主句以Therebe开头，先行词为物时常用that引导定语从句。Eg.Thereisaroominthebuildingthatisstillfree.7.主句是以who,which或what开头的特殊疑问句时，用that引导定语从句。Eg.Whoistheladythati

22、swaitingattheschoolgate?8.主句以Therebe开头，先行词为物时常用that引导定语从句。Eg.Thereisaroominthebuildingthatisstillfree.在以Therebe开头，先行词为人的句子中，常用who引导定语从句。Eg.Thereisaprettygirlwhowantstoseeyou.经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用二、二、关系代词关系代词指代事物时，在下列情况下通常只用指代事物时，在下列情况下通常只用which而不用而不用that引导

23、定语从引导定语从句：句：1.在非限制性定语从句中，常用which引导定语从句。Eg.Isaidnothing,whichmademymotherevenmoreangry.2.当先行词本身是that或是those且指物时。Eg.Paulhasfoundthatwhichhelostyesterday.3.当关系代词前面有介词时，常用which引导定语从句。Eg.Iliketoliveinthehouse,infrontofwhichthereisatallpinetree.经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服

24、务的费用三、关系代词指人时，在下列情况下通常只用三、关系代词指人时，在下列情况下通常只用who而不用而不用that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。1.先行词是one,ones或anyone时Eg.Anyonewholeavestheclassroomlastshouldturnoffthelights.2.当先行词是人，后面有较长修饰语时Eg.Doyouknowtheteacherinbluewithabookinhishandwhoisstandingatthegate?3.先行词为those或被those修饰时，常用who引导定语从句Eg.Thosewholikefootballcanente

25、rforthegame.4.在以Therebe开头，先行词为人的句子中，常用who引导定语从句。Eg.Thereisaprettygirlwhowantstoseeyou.5.在非限制性定语从句中，常用who引导定语从句。Eg.Imetanoldfriendofmineinthestreet,whohadjustcomefromEngland.6.当先行词是I,you,he,they等时(多用于谚语中)。Eg.HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.7.在介词前置时只用whom。Eg.Inthedarkforest,therewasnotasing

26、lepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用四、如果先行词是四、如果先行词是time,moment,place,reason,way,direction,distance等时，常用等时，常用that引导的定语从句代替介词引导的定语从句代替介词+which或或when，where，why等，等，且且that常省略常省略:Eg.Idliketoknowthereason(that/why/forwhich)youchangetheplan.五、五

27、、As作关系代词引导的限制性定语从句中，只用于和作关系代词引导的限制性定语从句中，只用于和the same,such及及as连用的结构中连用的结构中，在句中充当主、宾、表语。在句中充当主、宾、表语。Eg.1)Heisnotthesame(man)asheusedtobe.(表)2)Thereareasmanybooksasareneeded.(主)注意:如先行词由same修饰，用that或as皆可，但有细微的差别。用that表示“同一的”，用as表示“同样的”(并不一定是同一个：Eg.1)ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.2)Thisisthesamepenth

28、atIlostyesterday.经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用六、六、as与与which在引导非限制定语从句中的区别在引导非限制定语从句中的区别:1.在定语从句中as除了充当一定的句子成分外还有“正如，由而知”的意思。2.as引导的定语从句位置十分灵活，可放在句中，句首及句尾，而which引导的定语从句却不能位于句首。3.as引导的定语从句在语义上要和主句保持一致。Eg.Lisahasmadesomeprogressagain,as/whichwasnatural.Lisahasmadesom

29、eprogressagain,whichwasunexpected.4.如果从句谓语动词是主动语态，且关系代词在从句中作主语时，一般用which。Eg.Myfathercamebacksafely,whichdelightedus.5.as在从句中作主语时，其谓语为be动词或被动语态，常见的句中谓语为beknown/said/announced/reported/expected等。Eg.Heremarried,aswasexpected.另外:therebe结构中若是否定结构，后常用but，这时相当于who/thatnot。Eg.InChina,thereisnoonebutknowsBeijing.