状语从句用法详解课件.pptx
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1、英语总复习语法系列训练英语总复习语法系列训练状语从句用法详解状语从句用法详解说到状语从句,您知道有哪些状语从句吗?说到状语从句,您知道有哪些状语从句吗?说到状语从句,您知道有哪些状语从句吗?说到状语从句,您知道有哪些状语从句吗?一、时间状语从句一、时间状语从句 二、地点状语从句二、地点状语从句 三、方式状语从句三、方式状语从句四、程度状语从句四、程度状语从句五、原因状语从句五、原因状语从句六、结果状语从句六、结果状语从句七、目的状语从句七、目的状语从句八、条件状语从句八、条件状语从句九、让步状语从句九、让步状语从句十、比较状语从句十、比较状语从句1时时间间状状语语从从句句通通常常用用下下列列从
2、从属属连连词词来来引引导导:after,before,as,once,till,until,(ever)since,when,whenever,while,now(that),aslongas,assoonas。如:。如:Now(that)youvegrownup,youmuststopthischildishbehaviour.Wheneverwemetwithdifficulties,theycametohelpus.Comeandseeuswheneveryouhavetime.Peopledonotknowthevalueofhealthtilltheyloseit.2有有些些词词,如
3、如immediately,directly,instantly等等,当当用用于于assoonas意义时,意义时,也可以引导时间状语从句,如:也可以引导时间状语从句,如:IgotintouchwithhimimmediatelyIreceivedhisletter.Mysistercamedirectlyshegotmymessage.Themachinewillstartinstantlyyoupressthebutton.IlltelephoneyoudirectlyIhearthenews.Willyoulookforitimmediatelyyougetthere?3某某些些表表示示时时
4、间间的的名名词词词词组组,如如the(very)moment(=assoonas),theminute(=assoonas),theinstant(=assoonas),theday,theyear,themorning,everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime等等,也可以引导时间状语从句,如:也可以引导时间状语从句,如:Illtellyouaboutitthemomentyoucome.IstartedtheinstantIheardthereport.Theinstantshesawhimsheknewhewasherbrother.Everytim
5、eIcatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.ImgoingtoseehimnexttimehecomestoShenzhen.HeleftEuropetheyearWorldWarbrokeout.HehadimpressedmethatwaythefirsttimeImethim.IstartedtheverymomentIgotyourletter.Illtellhimtheminute(that)hegetshere.4有有些些关关联联从从属属连连词词,如如nosoonerthan/hardlywhen/scarcelywhen/barelywhen等,也能引导时间状语
6、从句。等,也能引导时间状语从句。如如果果把把nosooner,hardly,scarcely,barely置置于于句句首首,它它所所连连带带的这部分就要倒装,如:的这部分就要倒装,如:Shehadnosoonerheardthenewsthanshefainted.Nosoonerhadsheheardthenewsthanshefainted.Theyhadhardlystartedtoworkwhenthetroublebegan.Hardlyhadtheystartedtoworkwhenthetroublebegan.Hehadscarcelyenteredtheroomwhenthe
7、phonerang.Scarcelyhadheenteredtheroomwhenthephonerang.1地点状语从句常用地点状语从句常用where,wherever来引导,如:来引导,如:Wewillstaywhereyoustay.(where=intheplaceinwhich;where既连接主句与从句,又在从句中作副词修饰谓语既连接主句与从句,又在从句中作副词修饰谓语stay。)IfoundmybookswhereIleftthem.Whereverhehappenstobe,Johncanmakehimselfathome.Hewillworkwhereverthepeople
8、needhim.Letmegowherever(=toanyplacetowhich)theylike(togo).2有时,有时,-where构成的复合词也可以引导地点状语从句,如:构成的复合词也可以引导地点状语从句,如:Everywhere they went,they were kindly received/warmlywelcomed.WellgoanywherethePartydirectsus.1方式状语从句通常由方式状语从句通常由as,asif,asthough来引导,如:来引导,如:YoumustdotheexercisesasIshowyou.Pleasedoexactlya
9、syourdoctorsays.Itlooksasifitmightsnow/isgoingtosnow.Heactedas/thoughnothinghadhappened.Hewalkedasifhewas/weredrunk.Marywasbehavingasthoughshehadntgrownup.2在在非非正正式式文文体体或或口口语语中中,也也可可用用theway(that)(=as=inthewayinwhich),how,like等来引导,如:等来引导,如:JeandoesntdoitthewayIdo.SheisdoingherworkthewayIlikeitdone.Yo
10、ucandothejobhowyoulike.The landlord was watching him like(=just as)a cat watches amouse.Doyoumakebreadlikeyoumakecakes?程程度度状状语语从从句句可可用用 to such an extent that/to such a degree that 来引导,如:来引导,如:The temperature rose to such an extent that the firemen had to leave the burning building.The temperature l
11、owered to such a degree that the water froze.试比较:试比较:The temperature rose so high that the firemen had to leave the burning building.The temperature lowered so much that the water froze.从以上例句可以看出,程度状语从句往往也表示达到某种程度从以上例句可以看出,程度状语从句往往也表示达到某种程度时所引出的结果,所以程度状语从句和结果状语从句在意义上有相时所引出的结果,所以程度状语从句和结果状语从句在意义上有相通之
12、处。通之处。1 1引引引引导导导导原原原原因因因因状状状状语语语语从从从从句句句句最最最最常常常常用用用用的的的的连连连连词词词词是是是是 because,because,since,since,和和和和asas,所所所所引引引引导导导导的的的的从从从从句句句句可可可可以以以以放放放放在在在在主主主主句句句句之之之之前前前前,也也也也可可可可放放放放在在在在主主主主句句句句之之之之后后后后。其中其中其中其中 becausebecause语势最强,语势最强,语势最强,语势最强,sincesince次之,次之,次之,次之,asas又次之。又次之。又次之。又次之。because通通常常表表示示说说话
13、话人人认认为为这这种种理理由由或或原原因因是是听听话话人人所所不不知知道道的的,全全句句强强调调的的重重点点在在原原因因上上,不不在在主主句句表表示示的的结结果果上上。回回答答why提提出出的的问问题题时时,只只能能用用because;在在强强调调句句型型中中也也只只能能用用because从从句,不能用句,不能用since,as等,如:等,如:BecauseIcantseeverywell,Ihavetositnearthefront.Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidntgowithus.Itisbecausehewasillthathedidntcome.since
14、和和as引引导导的的句句子子,重重点点在在主主句句的的内内容容,其其原原因因或或理理由由在在说说话话人人看看来来已已很很明明显显,或或已已为为听听话话人人所所熟熟悉悉,since和和as只只是是一一种种附附带的说明原因,不是对原因进行强调,如:带的说明原因,不是对原因进行强调,如:Asheisworkinghard,heislikelytosucceed.Sincehecantanswerthequestion,youdbetterasksomeoneelse.As/Sincehewasnotathome,Ispoketohisbrother.Sinceyouinsist,Iwillrecon
15、siderthematter.Ashewasinahurry,helefthisbagathome.for是并列连词,是并列连词,它引导的句子只能后置它引导的句子只能后置。表示因果关系时,可。表示因果关系时,可以和以和because换用;但当它用于对主句的内容加以解释或推断时,换用;但当它用于对主句的内容加以解释或推断时,不能用不能用because代替,如:代替,如:Hecouldnthaveseenme,because/forIwasnothere.Thegroundiswet,for/becauseitrainedlastnight.Itrainedlastnight,forthegrou
16、ndiswetthismorning.because之前可以加上之前可以加上simply,only,just等强调词,如:等强调词,如:Youshouldntgetangryjustbecausesomepeoplespeakillofyou.2复复合合连连词词也也可可以以引引导导原原因因状状语语从从句句,这这些些连连词词有有:now(that),seeing(that),considering(that),forthereasonthat,byreasonthat,forfearthat,that等,如:等,如:Now(that)(=Since)youmentionit,Idoremembe
17、r.Now(that)heisabsent,youllhavetodotheworkbyyourself.Now(=Since)therainhasstopped,letsstart.Seeing(that)alltheguestshavearrived,letshavedinner.Consideringthattheyarejustbeginners,theyaredoingquiteagoodjob.Shedidntgoforfearthatshewouldgetlost.Hehasdoneverywell,considering(that)hehasnoexperience.Ihave
18、ntfinishedwritingthereportyet,notthat(=notbecause)Idislikethework,butthat(=butbecause)Ihavenottime.3在在“主主语语+be+形形容容词词+that”句句型型中中,主主语语通通常常是是人人,形形容容词词通通常常为为:glad,happy,pleased,sorry等等表表示示感感情情的的形形容容词词,这这时时that可以看作原因状语从句,如:可以看作原因状语从句,如:We are glad that(=because)we have reaped another bumperharvest.Imgl
19、ad(that)youareallright.Wearesurethatourteamwillwin.Impleasedthatyouhavedecidedtocome.结结果果状状语语从从句句往往往往放放在在主主句句之之后后,通通常常主主句句是是因因,从从句句是是果果,这这和原因状语从句刚好相反,如:和原因状语从句刚好相反,如:Hewasill,sothathedidntcome.Hedidntcomebecausehewasill.1结结果果状状语语从从句句通通常常用用下下列列连连词词引引导导:sothat,such(a)that,suchthat,sothat,that等,如:等,如:H
20、ewassoangrythathelefttheroomwithoutsayingaword.ThebookiswritteninsuchsimpleEnglishthatwebeginnerscanunderstanditwithoutmuchdifficulty.Itwassuchabadaccidentthatseveralpeoplegotinjured.Hisdiligencewassuchthathemadegreatprogress.Hedidntplanhistimewell,sothathedidntfinishtheworkintime.Sheworriedsothatsh
21、ecouldhardlyeathersupper.WhathaveIdonethatyoushouldbesoangrywithme?2应注意的几个问题:应注意的几个问题:在在非非正正式式文文体体中中,由由sothat,such(a)that引引导导的的结结果果状状语语从从句句,往往往往可可以以省省略略连连词词that,这这时时,从从句句之之前前往往往往用用逗逗号号与与主主句句隔隔开,在口语中则用停顿表示省略。开,在口语中则用停顿表示省略。Hewassotired(,)(that)hecouldhardlystand.Peterissuchagoodboy(,)(that)heislovedb
22、yeverybody.Youwalksofast(that)Icantkeeppacewithyou.Weleftinsuchahurry(that)weforgottolockthedoor.Hewassorude(that)sherefusedtospeaktohim.当当so修饰动词时,后面应稍停顿,如:修饰动词时,后面应稍停顿,如:Hisheartbeatsothathecouldhardlybreathe.Sheworriedsothatshecouldhardlyeathersupper.当当so位于句首时,主句的语序应倒装,如:位于句首时,主句的语序应倒装,如:Sobadlywa
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