了解托福阅读背景知识把握各类题型是关键.docx

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1、了解托福阅读背景知识把握各类题型是关键 托福阅读提升有技巧, 了解背景学问把握各类题型是关键，今日我给大家带来托福阅读提升有技巧,希望能够帮助到大家，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。 托福阅读提升有技巧 了解背景学问把握各类题型是关键 托福阅读技巧一 了解背景学问更易读懂文章 有部分学生反映做阅读时很难投入进去，有一点缘由就是对于文章所述内容太过生疏，假如你对其略知一二，信任定会有所不同。比如官方真题Official中有篇文章讲到化学元素周期表，对于中学生来说再熟识不过了，阅读的时候半读半猜，估计也可以理解的八九不离十了。 若考试打算时间足够，可以多加涉猎，扩充自己的学问背景;若时间惊慌，则

2、需搞定官方真题Official套题。依据文章记忆单词，并不是文章中出现的每一个“生疏的面孔”都要去熟识，比如一些繁琐的专出名词跳过即可。主要记忆的当然是一些动词、名词及形容词，尤其是出现在句子主干中，与解题有关的词汇。 除了词汇，应学会分析题干及题目，比如题干中出现了effect，conclusion之类的词，其实已经界定了我们找寻的范围段落靠后的部分，还有就是观点性和总结性的句子恒久会是考察的重点所在。做题的时候学会分析原文和选项，进行对比，比如句子简化题，做一题须要看五个长句，好像很花费时间，但并不须要每个句子都要细看，而是先明确原句的逻辑及主干，抓住选项中的关键点与原句进行比较。 例如：

3、As a result of crustal adjustments and faulting, the Strait of Gibraltar, where the Mediterranean now connects to the Atlantic, opened, and water cascaded spectacularly back into the Mediterranean.A. The strait of Gibraltar reopened when the Mediterranean and the Atlantic became connected and the ca

4、scades of water from one sea to the other caused crustal adjustments and faulting.B. The Mediterranean was dramatically refilled by water from the Atlantic when crustal adjustments and faulting opened the Strait of Gibraltar, the place where the two seas are joined.C. The cascades of water from the

5、Atlantic to the Mediterranean were not as spectacular as the crustal adjustments and faulting that occurred when the Strait of Gibraltar was connected to those seas.D. As a result of crustal adjustments and faultin;g and the creation of the Strait of Gibraltar, the Atlantic and Mediterranean were co

6、nnected and became a single sea with spectacular cascades of water between them。 原句是因果逻辑的句子，先找出其因： crustal adjustments and faulting，果：the Strait opened, and water cascaded spectacularly back into the Mediterranean。接着来看选项：A. caused crustal adjustments and faulting 明显是因果倒置了，坚决果断地灭掉;C. 因为此选项中出现比较not as

7、 spectacular as, 特别惹眼的一个核心词，而原文中是修饰动词的副词spectacularly，并未进行比较，二话不说也解除掉;D. As a result of crustal adjustments and faulting and the creation of the Strait of Gibraltar, 这缘由里怎么多出来一项啊，掳袖子撵人吧! 托福阅读技巧二 了解题型驾驭做题方法 托福阅读10种题型，除的小结题外大都属于考查文章细微环节的题目。依据题干中的关键词定位是至关重要的一步，然后就是理解。此时假如词汇量太小怎么办?事实上做阅读我们恒久要牢记的就是找句子主干，

8、考查的信息基本都在主干中体现了， 比如： The deer which once picturesquely dotted the meadows around the fort were gone in 1832, hunted to extermination in order to protect the crops。 这个句子较长，其中有which引导的定语从句，还有hunted 这个状语，而解题时我们只须要句子的主干The deer were gone。多数同学在做题时有个习惯就是看到一句话后就起先逐词阅读，甚至试图把它翻译成中文，这可谓“兵家大忌”。 遇到一句话先抓主干，遇到整段记

9、得扫描段落有无惹眼的连词，举例信号词等，阅读每段的主题句。 再说一下小结题，大多数考生的切肤之痛。一是做到一题时时间已所剩无几，二是一题是对全文的主要内容的总结，相对困难。 在课堂中，我一再向学生强调把握全文结构及大意的重要性，而如何去把握? 一是做题之前可也许阅读文章的标题及每段首句。作为学术性的阅读文章，首句基本都是主题句。尤其是总分结构的文章，比如官方真题Official6中的Infantile Amnesia, 虽然文章较难理解，但是文中明确提出了三种观点first，second，third 那么此类文章小结题的选项太自不待言了。再者，文章的每段会对应出2-3道题，那么题目中对应的部分

10、基本都是段落的核心所在。从这两点就可以很快了解文章的主要内容。所以在进行官方真题Official练习时，做题虽不行或缺，但还要留意多加练习快速阅读文章的实力。 托福阅读材料之GOOGLE的发展历程 Growth While the primary business interest is in the web content arena, Google has begun experimenting with other markets, such as radio and print publications. On 17 January 2006, Google announced the

11、 purchase of a radio advertising company "dMarc", which provides an automated system that allows companies to advertise on the radio.This will allow Google to combine two niche advertising mediathe Internet and radiowith Google's ability to laser-focus on the tastes of consumers. Googl

12、e has also begun an experiment in selling advertisements from its advertisers in offline newspapers and magazines, with select advertisements in the Chicago Sun-Times.They have been filling unsold space in the newspaper that would have normally been used for in-house advertisements. Acquisitions Sin

13、ce 2001, Google has acquired several companies, mainly focusing on small start-ups. In 2004, Google acquired a company called Keyhole, Inc.,which developed a product called Earth Viewer, renamed in 2005 to Google Earth. In February 2006, software company Adaptive Path sold Measure Map, a weblog stat

14、istics application, to Google. Registration to the service has since been temporarily disabled. The last update regarding the future of Measure Map was made on 6 April 2006 and outlined many of the known issues of the service. In late 2006, Google bought the online video site YouTube for $1.65 billi

15、on in stock.Shortly after, on 31 October 2006, Google announced that it had also acquired JotSpot, a developer of wiki technology for collaborative Web sites. On 13 April 2007, Google reached an agreement to acquire DoubleClick. Google agreed to buy the company for $3.1 billion. On 2 July 2007, Goog

16、le purchased GrandCentral. Google agreed to buy the company for $50 million. On 9 July 2007, Google announced that it had signed a definitive agreement to acquire enterprise messaging security and compliance company Postini. On August 5 2009, Google announced the purchase of video software maker On2

17、 Technologies for $106.5 million - its first acquisition of a public company. On 24 November 2009, Google announced the purchase of Teracent, a California based start up company, for an undisclosed price. This is another acquisition on Google's behalf in a series of advertising related purchases

18、- AdMob, Double Click. 托福阅读背景学问之华尔街的故事 Wall Street has undergone a radical face lift this year, but finance industry recruiters are expected to stick to roughly the same formula when looking to fill entry-level positions with college graduates in the future. 华尔街如今已经彻底改头换面了。不过，金融业聘请人士在找寻高校毕业生填补初级职位空缺

19、的时候，预料仍将坚持与以往大致相同的甄选原则。 Wealth management, investment banking and research are expected to see a hiring surge in the coming years, according to Joseph Logan, founder and managing director of Pinnacle Group International, a New York executive recruiting firm specializing in the financial services ind

20、ustry. Pinnacle Group International的创始人兼董事总经理约瑟夫 洛根(Joseph Logan)表示，财宝管理、投资银行和探讨领域有望在将来几年掀起聘请热潮。Pinnacle Group International是纽约一家专业服务于金融服务业的高管猎头公司。 'A strong background in accounting plus financial knowledge in evaluation is the key-and being well-rounded will help a lot,' says David Smith,

21、an associate professor at the McIntire School of Commerce at the University of Virginia who specializes in corporate finance and banking. Strong social skills and the ability to think creatively are important to round out more technical and quantitative talents. “会计和财务估值方面的过硬背景是应聘胜利的关键，学问全面也会大有帮助，”弗

22、吉尼亚高校(University of Virginia)麦金太尔商学院(McIntire School of Commerce)特地从事企业财务和银行业探讨的副教授史密斯(David Smith)表示。精彩的社交技能和创新思维实力对于那些偏重技术性和数理方面的人才来说是个重要的补充。 Mr. Smith, who helps prepare students for finance job interviews, advises the students who want to head to Wall Street to eschew finance fads like the curre

23、nt demand in restructuring or credit derivatives which were hot two years ago and focus on becoming fluent in accounting and financial evaluation fundamentals that are applicable to any specialty. As the economy recovers more traditional financial services functions, such as mergers and acquisitions

24、 advisory will make a comeback, according to Mr. Smith . 史密斯帮助学生们为金融职位面试做打算。他向那些希望在华尔街发展的学生们建议说，要避开金融业一时的潮流,比如眼下对两年前颇为流行的重组或者信用衍生品方面的人才需求，而将目光集中在像会计和财务估值基本学问这样适用于全部金融领域的探讨。随着经济的复苏,那些更为传统的金融服务业务比如并购询问行业将重新焕发活力,史密斯表示。 托福阅读推理题的答题技巧 一、 推理题的标记 推理题的题干中一般含有infer, imply, most likely, least likely, probably等

25、词，分为有共性的推理题和无共性的推理题两大类。 二、 推理题的做法 对于无共性的推理题，也就是题干中无线索的，一般运用解除法，即依据各个选项的关键词回原文定位，通过解除法得出正确答案。 对于有共性的推理题，也就是题干中有线索的，建议考生可以先圈定题干中的关键词，依据关键词回原文定位，然后进行推理。推理题主要有下列思路： 1. 一般对比推理 ETS设计推理题的手段不多，依据两个事物的对比特征出题是其中之一。问其中一个事物的特征时，只要将与之形成对比的另一个事物的特征否定掉就可以了。 例如： It should be obvious that cetaceans, whales, porpoise

26、s, and dolphins are mammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke and blowhole cannot disguise their affinities with land-dwelling mammals. However, unlike the cases of sea otters

27、and pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, and walruses whose limbs are functional both on land and at sea), it is not easy to envision what the first whales looked like. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about early sea otters? A. It is not difficult to imagine what they looked like. B.

28、 There were great numbers of them. C. They lived in the sea only. D. They did not leave many fossil remains. 2. 时间对比推理 这种思路常被考到。在这种推理中，一般有两个形成对比的时间段，它们所具有的特征一般相反。当题干问一个时间段的特征时，只要将与之相反的时间段的特征否定掉就可以了。 例： Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War is the countrys im

29、pressive population growth. It appeared that Canada was once more falling in step with the trend toward smaller families that had occurred all through the Western world since the time of the Industrial Revolution. It can be inferred from the passage that before the Industrial Revolution (A) families

30、 were larger. (B) population statistics were unreliable. (C) the population grew steadily. (D) economic conditions were bad. 3.集合概念推理 集合概念推理也可以称之为百分比推断，它指的是在一个集合中，包含两个相对的方面，共同构成一个大的集合。一方所占的比例削减意味着另一方所占比例的增加;反之一方所占的比例增加意味着另一方所占比例的削减。依据这一思路，可以由集合中一方的数量改变推断另一方的消减。 例： A folk culture is small, isolated,

31、cohesive, conservative, nearly self-sufficient group that is homogeneous in custom and race, with a strong family or clan structure and highly developed rituals. Unaltered folk cultures no longer exist in industrialized countries such as the United States and Canada. By contrast, a popular culture i

32、s a large heterogeneous group, often highly individualistic and constantly changing. What does the author imply about the United States and Canada? (A) They value folk cultures. (B) They have no social classes. (C) They have popular cultures. (D) They do not value individualism. 了解托福阅读背景学问把握各类题型是关键本文来源：网络收集与整理，如有侵权，请联系作者删除，谢谢！第15页 共15页第 15 页 共 15 页第 15 页 共 15 页第 15 页 共 15 页第 15 页 共 15 页第 15 页 共 15 页第 15 页 共 15 页第 15 页 共 15 页第 15 页 共 15 页第 15 页 共 15 页第 15 页 共 15 页