学术英语医学课件.pptx
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1、学术英语学术英语 医学医学Academic English for MedicineUnit 7Physician-Patient RelationshipLife can be hard.Relationships are often difficult.In an era of fast advancing medical technology,rapidly changing medical ethics,and in increasingly litigious society,good physician-patient relationship is critically impo
2、rtant for effective health care delivery.This unit sheds some light on how to build such a relationship to help us through the unpredictability in life.Unit 7 Life and MedicineUnit ContentsLead-inText AText BText CListeningSpeakingWritingGet reading for Unit 8Lead-inIssues to be coveredTaskUnit 7 Li
3、fe and MedicineLead-inIssues to be covered The shift from paternalistic paradigm to patient-center paradigm in medical decision makingThe importance of good physician-patient relationship in both the medical practice and the patients recoveryThings that counts in maintaining a amiable physician-pati
4、ent relationshipThe way to communicate properly and effectively with the patientsUnit 7 Life and MedicineLead-inDecide whether life-support system should be continued or withdrawn;Decide whether euthanasia should be considered;Decide whether a new therapy should be tried;Decide whether surgery shoul
5、d be the first choice or the last resort;Decide whether transfer or referral is needed.Task:Read the title of Text A and imagine three different situations in which doctors may be asked to make“tough decisions”for their patients.Then write them down.Unit 7 Life and MedicineText A Critical reading an
6、d thinking Topics for presentation Useful expressions Difficult sentencesLanguage building-up Signpost language Vocabulary testSuggested answersUnit 7 Life and MedicineText A Critical reading and thinkingTopics for presentation1 What difficult situation is the young doctor facing?A dying patientDeci
7、sion whether to withdraw life-support machines and medication and start comfort measuresThe familys refusal to make any decision or withdraw any treatmentsUnit 7 Life and MedicineText A Useful expressions护士站 nursing station停止使用呼吸机并停药/停止治疗 withdraw life-support machines and medications/treatmentwho w
8、as impressive not only for his clinical skills but also for his devotion to patientswho was impressive not only for his clinical skills but also for his devotion to patientsI told them suffering or comfort it was their decision.But in the end,they made no decision and just walked right out of the ro
9、om Critical reading and thinkingUnit 7 Life and Medicine2 What is paternalistic decision-making in medicine?Topics for presentationText A Critical reading and thinkingDoctors as exclusive decision makerPatients as participants without little say in the final choiceUnit 7 Life and MedicineText A Usef
10、ul expressionsThe way doctors and patients approach medical decisions has changed sharply over the last 50 years.and patients,if they participated,often had little say in the final choice.Critical reading and thinkingUnit 7 Life and MedicineText A Topics for presentation3 In what way can patient emp
11、owerment be good for the patient?Critical reading and thinkingRespect for the patient,especially the patients autonomyPatient-center careThe Patients as decision maker based on the information provided by the doctorUnit 7 Life and MedicineText A Topics for presentation3 In what way can patient empow
12、erment be good for the patient?Critical reading and thinkingTwo principles/tenets/notions involved in the decision-making processrespect for the person a new clinical ideal:patient-centered care in wards,clinics and operating roomsrespect for a persons autonomy letting patients make their own decisi
13、onsUnit 7 Life and MedicineText A Topics for presentation4 Why does the author say too much physician restraint may not be that good for the patient?Critical reading and thinkingThe patients are forced to make decisions they never want to.Patients,at least a large majority,prefer their doctors to ma
14、ke final decisions.Shifting responsibility of decision making to the patients will bring about more stress to the patients and their families,especially when the best option for the patient is uncertainUnit 7 Life and MedicineText A Useful expressionsa majority of patients are being left to make dec
15、isions that they never wanted to in the first place.When it came to medical decisions,almost all the respondents wanted their doctors to offer choices and consider their opinions.But a majority of patients two out of three also preferred that their doctors make the final decisions regarding their me
16、dical care.not when the medical choices are obvious,but when the best option for a patient is uncertainwhen doctors pass the burden of decision-making to a patient or family,it can exacerbate an already stressful situation.Critical reading and thinkingUnit 7 Life and MedicineText A Topics for presen
17、tation5.What kind of considerations may have prevented doctors from making decisions for their patients?Critical reading and thinkingDoctors are very much cautious about committing some kind of ethical transgression.Who am I to presume to know what my patients need?Unit 7 Life and MedicineText A A C
18、ase in Point:Language Makes a Difference Tell relatives that it is their choice to withdraw life support from a dying patient.But that doctor may also use value-laden language to describe the options.One alternative may be described to the family as“reasonable”or“comforting,”while the other is depic
19、ted as“invasive,”“aggressive”or“painful”.Critical reading and thinkingUnit 7 Life and MedicineText A A Case in Point:Language Makes a Difference Dr.Curlins Wisdom IBizarre dishonest of communicationPatients end up feeling manipulated and will resist making any decision at all.Critical reading and th
20、inkingUnit 7 Life and MedicineText A A Case in Point:Language Makes a Difference Dr.Curlins Wisdom II“We have to stop drawing a circle around patients and their families,”“We have to stop subjecting them to the loneliness and burden of autonomy and instead begin standing in that circle with them.”Cr
21、itical reading and thinkingUnit 7 Life and Medicine6 Do you agree that doctors should be prepared to make any decisions together with their patients?Text A Topics for presentationCritical reading and thinkingShouldering responsibility together with the patient may be better than having the patient m
22、ake decision on their own alone.Balancing between paternalism and respect for patients autonomy constitutes a large part of medical practice.Unit 7 Life and MedicineText A Useful expressionsthe key to preserving patient autonomy and patient-centered carelies not in letting patients make the final de
23、cisions alone but in respecting their opinions and shouldering the responsibility together.I admit,myself,will need to be more mindful of whether patients want them to share information,be directive or hand over the responsibility of the decision.Critical reading and thinkingUnit 7 Life and Medicine
24、Text A Additional ActivityWatch the Video and see what are tips givenby Dr.Thaddeus Bell to build a Amiable PPRelationshipDoctor-Patient RelationshipCritical reading and thinkingUnit 7 Life and MedicineText A Difficult sentencesHe was large and powerfully built but never seemed to loom over his pati
25、entsCritical reading and thinking他身材高大伟岸，但是从来不让病人有咄咄逼人的感觉Unit 7 Life and MedicineText A Difficult sentencesas movements calling for patient empowerment grew and medical ethicists began articulating principles regarding the ethical care of patients.Critical reading and thinking要求病人授权的呼声越来越高，而且医学伦理学家也
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