翻译理论与实践[汉译英]1.4-翻译对译者素养的要求课件.ppt

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1、Chapter 1 Prerequisites for a TranslatorTopic 3 Prerequisites for a Translator(翻译对译者素养的要求)I.the Translators Bilingual CompetenceII.The broadening of the range and scope of our general knowledgeIII.Political ConsciousnessIV.Highly-developed sense of responsibilityV.Translation techniquesVI.PracticeRl

2、（汉语功底要好，英语语言能力要强）l译者应具备深厚的语言功底RI.the Translators Bilingual Competence1.Good English Proficiencyl1、扎实的英语基础，特别是要具有很强的阅读理解和鉴赏阅读理解和鉴赏能力能力。l1、1 要掌握足够的英语词汇量词汇量。l1、2 要掌握系统的英语语法知识语法知识。l1、2 应该大量阅读英语原著，不断丰富自己的语言知识，提高自己的语感语感：语法意识（sense of grammar）、惯用法知识（sense of idiomaticness）和连贯意识（sense of coherence）。RExample

3、s:lAll that glitters is not gold.l(Just)imagine(it).l把它想像一下吧。l不可能/想不到/真没想到。lReason:Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English,“(just)imagine(it)”means“an expression of disapproval for the plan or suggestion just mentioned,because no sensible person could imagine that it could happen.”lIll buy it.l(s

4、lang:I cant understand it,please tell me.)l我不懂。/我答不出。/请告诉我。RlYoure telling me.l你正在告诉我。l(slang:I know that very well./I knew that long ago.)l我早知道了。/还用你告诉我！lNow youre talking.l现在你正在谈话。l（informal:At last youre saying something agreeable.）l你到底说了合我意的话了。你这样说才合我的意思。Examples:RlYou can talk.l(informal:You do

5、nt have to worry about doing a particular thing yourself.)l你不必担心自己要干什么。Examples:RlSo,what troubles us in translation are usually those simple and familiar words but not those difficult and rarely used ones.R2、Good Chinese Proficiency(扎实的汉语基础，特扎实的汉语基础，特别是下工夫提高汉语表达能力。别是下工夫提高汉语表达能力。)l那地方是块那地方是块肥肉肥肉，谁都想

6、吃。谁都想吃。lThat place is a fat piece of meat which every one wants to eat.lThat place is an attractive piece of meat coveted by all.l你要有所你要有所弋获弋获，则必须在学习中不断深入。，则必须在学习中不断深入。lIf you want to gain anything,you must constantly deepen your studies.Rl那研究生英年好学，那研究生英年好学，矻矻矻矻三载，终使其论文得以三载，终使其论文得以付梓付梓。lThat graduat

7、e student at his lifes full flowering was eager to learn,worked diligently and untiringly for 3 years,and finally he had his thesis published.2、Good Chinese Proficiency(扎实的汉语基础，特扎实的汉语基础，特别是下工夫提高汉语表达能力。别是下工夫提高汉语表达能力。)RII.The broadening of the range and scope of our general knowledge广博的文化知识（汉英、互译）RlTh

8、e Security Council has been seized of the question since then.（需要国际法方面的知识）l安理会安理会自那时以来一直受理受理这个问题。lThe greater the translators knowledge of the subject matter,the less arduously understanding occurs,and the more accurate his/her representation in the target language.RIII.Political ConsciousnesslThe e

9、nemy killed one of our comrades and we killed an enemy agent.l敌人杀害了我们一位同志，我们宰了一个敌特。lThe peasants and workers were hand in glove with one another in the struggle against the landlords and capitalists who worked hand in glove with each other.l 在反对狼狈为奸的地主和资本家的斗争中，工人和农民团结一致（或亲如手足）。lthe peasants uprising

10、 in the history of China l“农民叛乱”or“农民起义”?RIV.Highly-developed sense of responsibility(高度的责任高度的责任感感)l一是严谨、端正的工作态度。l朱生豪l翻译是坐冷板凳。l二是敬业、乐业的主人公意识。RV.Translation techniques(一定的翻译策略一定的翻译策略)l一个译者可以不去过问翻译理论，但他决不会没有自己的翻译策略。lThe use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas,elaborate req

11、uirements,refine specifications,and test functionality.l使用简化的半成品的设计模型来调查意见、详尽要求、完善规格和测试功能。R Unless youve an ace up your sleeve,we are dished.除非你有锦囊妙计，否则我们是输定了。除非你有锦囊妙计，否则我们是输定了。（归化）（归化）除非你袖中藏有王牌，否则我们是输定了。除非你袖中藏有王牌，否则我们是输定了。（异化）（异化）lThe translator must be quite familiar with the basic translation tec

12、hniques.lIn addition,the translator must have an appropriate political consciousness.”.lTo sum up,as a good translator,one has to know well the foreign language,the Chinese language,and the subject matter.To sum up,as a good translator,one has to know well the foreign language,the Chinese language,a

13、nd the subject matter.RVI.Practice 1(1)He almost lost his business-he distributes appliances.He managed to get back to work slowly and got things under control.*他几乎失业，经多次申请，最后设法上了班，能把事情控制住（能处理各项事务了）。他做的是推销日用品器具的生意，（有一次）几乎倒了台（垮了），（后来）又慢慢地站住了，情况好了起来。2）Hold on a moment.Let me put you in the picture fir

14、st.(make you know the real situation)*先别急，我带你去看一下图片/我替你拍了一张照片。别急，先听我给你解释一下/我先把情况给你说一说。.Rl3）I had the interior done by that young Spaniard.Its extremely beautiful.l*年轻的司巴民达陶冶我的心灵，这真是美极了。l我请了几个年轻的西班牙人做室内装潢，搞得真是漂亮极了。l（Spaniard：Spanish man）l4）I found that it is possible to walk your way to better health,a trimmer body and a long life-no matter what your age.l我发现，不论你年龄多大，散步有可能使你祛病强身、矫形正体、延年益寿。Rl5）In Peking,my wife bought an off-the-rack pair of pants of acrylic fiber(acrilan晴纶)，handsomely cut and well made.l在北京我妻子买了一条漂亮地剪裁和做得很合适的晴纶裤子。l在北京，我妻子买了一条现成的丙稀晴纶纤维的裤子，剪裁漂亮，做工讲究。R