英语人教版八年级下册Unit8 Grammar Focus.ppt

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1、Unit 8Have you read Treasure Island yet?现在完成时态现在完成时态present perfectGrammar FocusHave you read Little Women yet?Yes,I have./No,I havent.Has Tina read Treasure Island yet?Yes,she has.She thinks its fantastic.Have you decided which book to write about yet?Yes,I have.Ive already finished reading it.It w

2、as really good.现在完成时现在完成时1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。和和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等状语连等状语连用。用。2.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，将来还有可能过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，将来还有可能继续下去常与继续下去常与for或或since引起的一段时间状语连用。引起的一段时间状语连用。had breakfastI have just had my breakfast.(现在我不饿现在我不饿)Im not hungry nowmoved herein 2004I

3、 still live hereI have lived here for three years.I have lived here since 2004/three years ago.nowpast 现在完成时构成现在完成时构成助动词助动词否定否定一般疑问一般疑问结构：结构：主语主语+have/has+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词结构：结构：主语主语+have nt/has nt+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词结构：结构：have/has+主语主语+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词.?肯：肯：主语主语+have/has否：主语否：主语+havent/hasnt特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+have/h

4、as+主语主语+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词.?特殊疑问特殊疑问 翻译：她住在北京已经五年了。翻译：她住在北京已经五年了。肯：肯：She has lived in Beijing for five years.否：否：She hasnt lived in Beijing for five years.一般疑问一般疑问 Has she lived in Beijing for five years?Yes,she has.No,she hasnt 特殊疑问：特殊疑问：She has lived in Beijing for five years.(对红色字体提问对红色字体提问)How long

5、has she lived in Beijing?一、过去式和过去分词的变化相同一、过去式和过去分词的变化相同规则变化规则变化：1.一般在动词词尾直接加一般在动词词尾直接加ed。如：。如：pick picked picked;wish wished wished;stay stayed stayed2.以不发音的以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加结尾的动词后面加d。如：。如：like liked liked;hope hoped hoped;phone phoned phoned3.以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，变结尾的动词，变y为为i，再加，再加-ed。如：。如：study studie

6、d studied;hurry hurried hurried;reply replied replied4.词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，要双写辅音字母，再加词，要双写辅音字母，再加-ed。如：。如：stop stopped stopped;clap clapped clapped不规则变化：不规则变化：5.以不变应万变以不变应万变。如：。如：let let let;put put put;read read read6.若中间有双写若中间有双写e，则去掉一个，则去掉一个e，单词，单词末尾再加末尾再加t。如：。如：feel felt felt;kee

7、p kept kept;sleep slept slept7.结尾的字母结尾的字母d变变t。如：。如：lend lent lent;build built built;send sent sent8.变为以变为以-ought或或-aught结尾结尾。如：。如：buy bought bought;bring brought brought;catch caught caught;teach taught taught1Write the forms of the past tense and past participle:drink _ _ see _ _ find _ _ leave _ _

8、 tell _ _drank drunksaw seenfound foundleft lefttold told (1).for+表示表示一段一段时间的短语时间的短语 (2).since+表示表示过去时间点过去时间点的词语的词语 (3).since+表示过去时间的时间状语表示过去时间的时间状语从句从句 (4)since+一段时间一段时间+agoeg.I have been a teacher _ a year.He has been at this school _ 2015.We have learned 1,000 English words _ we came to this scho

9、ol.forsincesince现在完成时句中常见的时间状语现在完成时句中常见的时间状语A.表示从过去一直持续到现在表示从过去一直持续到现在,不能是具体不能是具体 的过去时间。的过去时间。everjustalreadyyete.g.Have you _been to Japan?I have _ finished my homework.I have finished my homework _.I havent finished my homework _.B.just,already,yet,before/ever,never有此有此类副词时类副词时,常强调动作完成常强调动作完成,不强调动

10、作的持续不强调动作的持续.already“已经已经”;yet “仍然仍然,还还”这两个副词常常用于完成时态这两个副词常常用于完成时态,其中其中already 常用于肯定句常用于肯定句,yet常用于否定句和疑问句中。常用于否定句和疑问句中。如如:Jim has already finished his work.Jim已经把他的工作做完了。已经把他的工作做完了。Mother hasnt come home yet.妈妈还没回来。妈妈还没回来。Havent you read The Call of the Wild yet?你还没读过你还没读过野性的呼唤野性的呼唤吗？吗？现在完成时：现在完成时：表

11、示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态，强调的是现在的动作或保存的状态，强调的是现在的情况现在的情况，不不能和表示过去的时间状语连用（如：能和表示过去的时间状语连用（如：in 1990in 1990，last last Sunday Sunday 等）。等）。一般过去时：一般过去时：一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系（即动作或状态在现在已经结束），和现在不发生关系（即动作或状态在现在已经结束），它可以和表示过

12、去的时间状语连用。它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。现在完成时现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：与一般过去时的区别：have/has+V过去分词过去分词改写句子改写句子1.My father came back from the bookshop just now.My father _ just _ _ the book shop.2.He began to learn Chinese in 2001.He _ _ Chinese since 2001.3.The film began two minutes ago.The film _ _ _ since two minutes ago.4.H

13、e has had the motorbike for two years.It has been two years _he _ the motorbike.He _ the motorbike two years _.Two years _ _ since he _ the motor bike.hasreturned fromhaslearnedhas been on sinceboughtboughtagohas passedbought1.A:Would you like something to drink?B:No,thanks._ (just/drink some tea)2.

14、A:I heard you lost your key._?(find)B:No,not yet.3.A:Do you know when Tom is leaving?B:_.(already/leave)4a.Use the words in brackets to complete the conversations.Ive just drunk some teaHave you found itHe has already left A:When _?(leave)B:This morning.4.A:Is your sister going to the movies with us

15、 tonight?B:No._.(already/see the film)5.A:What do your parents think about our plan?B:I _.(not/tell them/yet)did he leaveShe has already seen the filmhave not told them yetSally_(love)reading.In the morning,she reads the newspaper and in the evening she reads books.She _ already _(read)more than 100

16、 different books!Her favorite kind of books is science fiction.She is interested in science and technology and loves to imagine4b.Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets.loveshas readwhat the world _(be)like in 50 years.She _(finish)reading a book about robots last week an

17、d _(write)a book report about it next week for her French class.Every time she is in the library,Sally looks at the many books she_(not read)yet and she cant wait to read them!will befinishedwill writehas not read4c.Complete the chart with information about you and a friend.A:What books have you alr

18、eady read?B:Ive already read Tom Sawyer and Harry Potter.A:What do you think of them?B:Well,I think Harry Potter was exciting,but Tom Sawyer was a bit boring.YouYour friendCommentsBooks I have already readMovies I have already seen Songs I have already heard1.I _heard of that story before.1.I _heard

19、 of that story before.A.dont have B.not have C.have not D.not to haveA.dont have B.not have C.have not D.not to have2.She s never been to that factory,_?2.She s never been to that factory,_?A.is she B.was she C.does she D.has sheA.is she B.was she C.does she D.has she3.Have you made dumplings_?No,I

20、havent.3.Have you made dumplings_?No,I havent.A.just now B.yesterday C.ago D.beforeA.just now B.yesterday C.ago D.before4.Tom_ ill since last night.4.Tom_ ill since last night.A.was B.is C.has been D.be A.was B.is C.has been D.be5.How long have you_ _ Nanjing?5.How long have you_ _ Nanjing?A.gone to

21、 B.been to C.been in D.went to A.gone to B.been to C.been in D.went to CDDCC一一 同义句同义句6.How many times has Jim _that park?Twice.6.How many times has Jim _that park?Twice.A.gone to B.been to C.been in D.went to A.gone to B.been to C.been in D.went to7.Ive_ this dictionary for half a year.7.Ive_ this d

22、ictionary for half a year.A.bought B.had C.lended D.borrowed A.bought B.had C.lended D.borrowed8.She wont go to the cinema this evening because she8.She wont go to the cinema this evening because she _the film before._the film before.A.has seen B.saw C.sees D.is seeing A.has seen B.saw C.sees D.is s

23、eeingBBA1.1.她成为一名护士已经三年了。她成为一名护士已经三年了。2.2.我五年前就认识李雷了。我五年前就认识李雷了。3.3.那些相片我已经寄给他了。（那些相片我已经寄给他了。（postpost）4.4.我来到这个学校后，他就一直教我。我来到这个学校后，他就一直教我。5.5.我刚丢了我的历史书。我刚丢了我的历史书。She has been a nurse for three years.I have known Lilei since five years ago.I have already posted the photos to him.He has taught me since I came to the school.I have just lost my history book.二二 翻译翻译Homework Try your best to learn more about the usageof has/have done.Then make conversationswith the books name in this unit.