外研版英语八年级上册期末复习总结.pdf

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1、【考点回顾一】关于“建议的句型”1、Let sb.do sth.让某人做某事2、You should(not)do sth.你(不)应该做 3、You had better（not）do sth.你最好（不）做某事4、Why dont you do sth？=Why not do sth.？你为什么不做 /为什么不做 5、How about doing sth.？=What about doing sth.？做怎么样6、Its a good idea to do sth.做某事是一个好主意7、try（not）to do sth.努力(不)做某事8、remember to do(原形)sth.记

2、得做某事9、Dont forget to do (原形)sth.不要忘记做某事10、Would you like to do sth.?你想做某事吗？关于“数字”The population of Shenzhen is over ten million.深圳的人口超过一千万。million,billion,thousand，hundred 前有数字，无 s,无 of。没数字，加 s，加 of。three million 三百万millions of 几百万的【考点回顾二】关于“形容词原级比较级”的方法So this weeks match is alreadymore exciting.那么

3、这周的比赛已经更加令人兴奋了。Whats the matter with you?你怎么了？Watching is not dangerous and itsmore relaxing too!观看(球赛)不危险而且更加令人放松。Nothing is more enjoyable than playing tennis.没有什么比打网球更令人愉快的了。We all arrive as early as we can so that we have time to warm up.我们都尽早到达以便能有时间热身。We are training harder than usual because

4、the other team beat us last year.我们比平时训练更努力，因为去年另一个队打败了我们。That means we have a better chance of winning.那意味着我们赢的机会更大。They cheer us on loudly and we feel more confident to win the game.他们大声为我们喝彩，而我们也更有信心赢得比赛.The more information,the bette r.信息越多越好。A journey by train is more relaxing than by coach,but

5、 a lot more expensive.乘火车旅行比长途汽车更令人放松，但也贵得多。关于“形容词最高级”的用法He lives the farthest from school.他住得离学校最远。It sthe most comfortable way,but its also the most expensive.这是最舒适的方式，但它也是最昂贵的。【考点回顾三】关于“intere st”的表达及其拓展be interested to do sth.感兴趣去做某事sb begetbecome interested in sth.doing sth 某人对某事 做某事感兴趣interest

6、ed形容人interesting形容物或者事excited boredrelaxedsurprised形容人excitingboringrelaxingsurprising 形容物或者事关于“达到”的词组arrive at+小地点（车站，学校有门牌号码的地点）I arrive at the school at 7.30a.m.every day.arrive in+大地点（国家，城市）I arrived in Shanghai yesterday.=reach sp.=get to sp.到达某地I reached/got to Shanghai yesterday.关于“收到来信”的短语he

7、ar from=get a letter from=receive a letter from 收到某人来信关于“形容词比较级”的规则变化和不规则变化一、规则变化：1.一般在词尾直接加er或 est，例如，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r 或 st，例如，nice-nicer-nicest3.以辅音字母+y 结尾的词，把 y 变为 i，再加 er或 est，例如，heavy-heavier-heaviest4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er 或 est，例如，big-bigg

8、er-biggest5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和 most构成最高级，例如，slowly-more slowly-most slowly；beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful关于“形容词的比较级和最高级有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化”和拓展原级比较级最高级good/well 好的 better bestbad/ill 坏的 worse worstmany/much 多的 more mostlittle 少的less leastfar 远的further furthestold 老的 older oldest形

9、容词比较级的特殊用法:和 more 有关的词组(1)the morethe more 越就越例如：The harder you work，the greater progress youll make.越努力，进步越大。(2)more B than A=less A than B 与其说 A 不如说 B。例如：He is more lazy than slow at his work.=He is less slow than lazy at his work.他工作时，与其说是反应慢不如说是懒。(3)no more than 与一样，不比多例如：The officials could see

10、 no more than the Emperor.官员们看到的和皇帝一样多。no less than 与一样例如：He is no less diligent than you.他和你一样勤勉。【考点回顾四】关于“几天前”的表达a few days earlier几天前=severalsome days earlier=a fewseveralsome days ago关于“while”的用法及其拓展while 表示“当.的时候”后面从句需要用进行时态1.While the lights were changing to red,a car suddenly appeared.当交通灯正要变

11、红时，一辆小车突然出现。2.I was waiting to cross the road.我正等待过马路。3.And the driver was talking on his mobile phone.司机正用他的手机打电话。关于“使役动词”的用法及其拓展makelethave sb do sth.使、让某人做某事sb.be made to do 某人被使得做某事使役动词“马（make）兰（let）花（have）”主动语态的时候后面跟动词原形，被动语态时 to 需要还原【考点回顾五】关于 It is 的几个重要句型It is adj.(形容词)+for sb.）to do sth.（对某人

12、来说）做某事怎么样It is difficult for old people to learn English well.对于老年人来说学习英语很难。It is adj.(形容词)+(of sb.)to do sth.某人做某事某人怎么样It is very kind of you to help me.你能帮我你真好。（以上动词不定式短语在句中作真正，It 是形式主语）关于“”花费“的几个结构的辨析人（作主语）+spend on sth.人（作主语）+spend(in)doing sth.某人花费时间做某事物（作主语）+cost(花某人多少钱)It takes sb.some time t

13、o do sth.花某人多少时间去做某事几个表示建议的句子What about doing=How about doing?做 怎么样？Why not do=Why dont you do.?为什么不做？Try(not)to do sth.试着做（不做）某事should do 应该做.It s a good idea to do sth.做.是个好主意Would you like to do sth.？你想要做？Let sb.do sth.让某人做某事Remember to do sth.=Don t forget to do sth.记得（别忘了）去做某事Youd better do sth

14、.你最好做某事【考点回顾六】关于数词的用法当 million,billion,thousand，hundred 等前有具体数词修饰时，他们不用加s,不加 of。若表示不具体数目时则加s，加 of。three hundred 三百hundreds of 数以百计的如果前面是several 时，要么加s 加 of,要么不加s不加 of。Several millions of years ago=several million years ago 关于 population 的用法What s the population of Shenzhen?深圳的人口是多少？The population of

15、 Shenzhen is larger than that of many other cities in China.深圳的人口要比中国其他城市的人口要大得多。Population 是一个集合名词，常与定冠词the 连用，作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数。例如：The world s population is increasing faster and faster.have a population of 表示“有 人口”。指人口的多少用large 或 small。the+比较级，the+比较级越.越.The more you go jogging,the healthier you wi

16、ll feel.你慢跑越多，你会觉得越健康。比较级+比较级越来越 .The water in the pool is getting less and less.【考点回顾七】关于“尽可能多“的几个表达as muchmany as possible 尽可能多地Let s speak English as much as possible.Let s find out what else we can do to save as many animals as possible.=Let s find out what else we can do to save animals as many

17、 as possible.much 修饰不可数名词many 修饰可数名词关于“你认为.怎么样？”的句型What do you think of?How do you like?你认为 怎么样？一些课文重要知识点travel around the world 环球旅行one day 总有一天stay with sb.跟某人呆在一起put on take off 穿上 脱下land take off 着陆、起飞the price of 的价钱What do you think of?How do you like?你认为 怎么样？fly to somewhere.飞到某地because+句子I w

18、as late this morning because I got up late.今天早上我迟到了是因为我起迟了。【考点回顾八】一些课文重要知识点because of+n./名词短语more than=over 超过sell out 卖光come true 实现pretty good 相当好，非常好on the coast 在沿海most days 大部分时间 athe population of 的人口millions of 数以百万的具体数字+million as adj.adv.(原级)as 和 .一样be famous for 以 著名 闻名be famous as 作为 出名 著

19、名 in fact 事实上bigger and busier 更大更繁华 some day 某一天such as 比如 much wider 宽阔得多many other cities 许多其他城市 a beautiful city 一个美丽的城市 bring sth.with sb.某人随身携带某物 show respect to sb.向某人表示尊敬in the eastwestnorth of 在.东南西北【考点回顾九】反义疑问句的用法陈述句（肯），动词（否定）主语的代词？陈述句（否），动词（肯定）主语的代词？例：1).I am late,aren t I?2).There is lit

20、tle water in the bottle,is there?3).There are few students in the hall,are there?4).You could hardly believe that,could you?5).He rarely/seldom goes to the cinema,does he?6).Lets go swimming,shall we?7).Let us go swimming,will you?8).Don t be late next time,will you?祈使句的反义疑问句除“Lets shall we?”之外，其余用

21、will you。little/few/hardly/rarely/seldom 否定词（反义部分用肯定）一般现在时的用法一般现在时的定义1)经常性的习惯动作：Wendy always talks about business over breakfast.2)自然界中的客观事实或真理：The sun rises in the esat.3)表示人的心理活动或表示客观属性的动词：believe/love/hate/belong to/contain*The book contains six chapters.Structure:主语I,you,we,they 一律动词原形.(否)don t+

22、动原.单三he,she,it 动词后加 s或 es.(否)doesn t+动原.一般现在时的时间状语Time Adverbials:always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,rarely,never【考点回顾十】关于“”分数”的表示及其用法英语分数的表示法：用“基数词序数词”表示分数在英语中通常是借助于基数词和序数词来共同表达的.其中基数词表示分子,序数词表示分母.如：The centimeter is one-tenth of the decimeter or one-hundredth of the meter 厘米是分米的十分之一,或者说是米的百分之一.

23、However,the number of boys will be a third or less than the girls in the class 但是,班里男生的人数将比女生少三分之一或更少.从以上例子可以看出：分子除用 one外,也可用 a；如果分子大于 1,分母要用复数形式.但是,12 不能说 a（one）second,而要说 a（one）half.例如：The sum of one half,one third and one fourth of a certain number is 13.某数的12,13 和 14 的和是 13.14 和 34 可以说 a（one）fou

24、rth 和 three fourths,但常用 a quarter 和 three quarters表示.应该注意的是,分数修饰名词时,若该名词是不可数名词只能用单数；若是可数名词,用单数或复数均可.但是,若它们在句子中作主语,则谓语动词是用单数还是复数取决于名词,即与分数所修饰的名词保持一致.例如：Only one-fifth of air consists of oxygen 氧气只占空气的15.5About two thirds of the students attend the meeting 大约 23 的学生都参加了会议.带分数也是常见的英语数词表达.所谓带分数,实际上是“整数分

25、数”,表达时分而述之,只是整数部分与分数部分要用连词and连接.当带分数修饰名词时,该名词通常是复数,但若名词置于整数one或 a 之后,则用单数.“带分数名词”作主语时,谓语动词根据临近原则要用复数.例如：You should finish the work within one and a fourth hours你应在 125 小时内完成工作.The atom breaks up in a minute and a quarter原子在 125分钟内裂变.【考点回顾十一】关于“感观动词”的用法及其拓展smell/look/taste/feel/sound/turn/get(变得）/bec

26、ome+adj.如:look pale,taste good,feel happy,sound beautiful,turn green,get cold,become famous关于“-ed 和-ing 形容人和形容物”的用法及其拓展be interested to do sth.感兴趣去做某事sb begetbecome interested in sth.doing sth 某人对某事 做某事感兴趣interested形容人interesting形容物或者事excited boredrelaxedsurprised形容人excitingboringrelaxingsurprising

27、形容物或者事【考点回顾十二】关于“suggest”的用法suggest ones doingI suggest your studying hard.suggest+that从句（从句中需要使用should 表示虚拟，should可以省略）I suggest(that)you(should)study hard.I suggest(that)you(should)write four or five words a day on pieces of paper.关于“建议”的一些句型Lets do sth.What/How about doing sth?Why not do sth?Why

28、dont you do sth.?Shall we do sth?Lets go!让我们走吧！Shall we take a bus there?乘车去那儿怎么样？Why not/dont you write down our mistakes in our notebooks?为什么不在笔记本上把错误写下来？How/What about listening to the radio?听收音机怎么样？回答一般用“That s a good idea!Great!【考点回顾十三】关于“it is adj.for sb.to do sth”的句型It is adj.for sb.to do sth

29、.（形容词修饰 一件事，像 important，interesting,necessary等介词用 for，形容词修饰 一个人，像 kind,friendly,patient 等介词用 for）例如：It s natural for you to forget new words!Its kind of you to help me.关于“动词后加 to do 和 doing”的区别辨析请记得以下的一些结构remember to do记得要去做某事remember doing记得做过某事forget to do 记得要去做某事forget doing 记得做过某事stop to do停下手中的事情去做另一件事stop doing停下手中正在做的事情try to do 努力做某事try doing 尝试做某事mean to do打算做某事mean doing意味着做某事