人教版高三英语高考语法复习课件：主谓一致.ppt

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1、主谓一致主谓一致2021/8/9 星期一1（一）谓语动词常用复数的情况（一）谓语动词常用复数的情况（一）谓语动词常用复数的情况（一）谓语动词常用复数的情况 1）主语为复数名词或代词主语为复数名词或代词 Theteachers are respected in the world.2)当当people,police,cattle等集体名词作主语，形式上等集体名词作主语，形式上 为单数而意义却是复数，谓语用复数为单数而意义却是复数，谓语用复数Thepolice are looking for the missing child.Thecattlearekept in his farm.3）山脉、群

2、岛、瀑布、运动会等山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s结尾的复数名词作主语结尾的复数名词作主语。TheOlympicGames are held once every four years.TheRockymountains stand in the west of the north America4）the+adj.表示一类人表示一类人或物做主语时或物做主语时如如the+blind,deaf,living,dead,wounded,poor,richold,young等2021/8/9 星期一2Thedead are soon forgotten.Therich are not always ha

3、ppy.Generally speaking theyoung are eager for success.5)the+姓的复数形式表一家人姓的复数形式表一家人TheWhites are going to make a trip to London.TheGreens were watching TV when a fire broke out.（二）谓语动词常用单数的情况（二）谓语动词常用单数的情况（二）谓语动词常用单数的情况（二）谓语动词常用单数的情况 1）可数名词的单数及不可数名词作主语时。可数名词的单数及不可数名词作主语时。2）表示时间、距离、金钱、长度、重量等复数名词作表示时间、距离

4、、金钱、长度、重量等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时。主语，表达一个整体概念时。Twentyyears is only a short time in human history.3)主语从句、动词不定式、动名词主语从句、动词不定式、动名词形式作主语时，形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。谓语动词用单数。2021/8/9 星期一3Lookingafterthechildren is my full time job.Todieforthepeople is a worthy death.Whenandwheretoholdthemeeting is unknown.Whateverwasleftw

5、as taken away.4)以以-S结尾的单数名词，形式为复数而意义为单数结尾的单数名词，形式为复数而意义为单数如表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语如表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语,(news,physics,maths，politics)谓语用单数。谓语用单数。TheUnitedstates is made up of 50 states.TheTimesis a newspaper for the British governmentGreatExpectations was written by Charles Dickens in 1860.5)clothi

6、ng,furniture,traffic,jewellery,baggage,equipment,luggage等无生命的集合名词作主语。等无生命的集合名词作主语。Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area.2021/8/9 星期一46)eachneithereither+of+the+复数名词或代词Eachofus has a dictionary.Eitherofthebooksonthetable belongs to me.Neitherofthem is fit for the job.7)manya/each/everyeither/

7、neithermorethanone+单数名词Manyastudent has seen the film.Neitherstory is true.当each放在主语后作同位语时，不决定谓语单复数Theyeach have a dictionary.=Eachofthem has a dictionary.More than one More than one studentstudent hashas seen the film.seen the film.More More studentsstudents than one than one havehave seen the film

8、.seen the film.2021/8/9 星期一58)everyeachnomanya +名词单数and+everyeachnomanya+名词单数 作主语时 谓语用单数Everydeskandeverychair is made of wood.Manyaboyandgirl has made the same mistake.9）由由some,any,no,every+one/thing/body some,any,no,every+one/thing/body 所构成的复合代词做主语时，谓语用单数所构成的复合代词做主语时，谓语用单数Nobodywants to go there.S

9、omethinghas been done to end the strike.10）man(人类人类)和和theworld(世人世人)作主语时作主语时Man has created many useful things.Theworld knows that the earth is round.2021/8/9 星期一6（三）其它情况（三）其它情况（三）其它情况（三）其它情况1）用用andand或或bothandbothand连接的两个名词作主语时，谓语动词连接的两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用用复数复数形式。但是如果形式。但是如果andand连接的两个名词作主语，连接的两个名词作主语，指同一

10、个指同一个人或事或人或事或整体概念整体概念，谓语动词用，谓语动词用单数单数（如果是可数名（如果是可数名词的单数这时词的单数这时andand后面的名词一般没有冠词）。后面的名词一般没有冠词）。用用is/are填空填空EnglishandChinesequitedifferentlanguages.Waterandairbothimportant.Ayoungmanandagirl togothere.Thesingerandthewriterfamoustomanyyoungpeople.areareareare2021/8/9 星期一7Themanagerandsecretaryasbusya

11、sabeealldayThesingerandwriter famoustoeveryone.Warandpeace（战争与和平）（战争与和平）aconstantthemeinhistory.Aknifeandfork（刀叉）刀叉）neededforawesternmeal.Breadandbutter(黄油面包黄油面包)servedforbreakfast.Earlytobedandearlytorise（早睡早起）（早睡早起）agoodhabit.isisisisisisironandsteel钢铁钢铁lawandorder治安治安awatchandchain一块带链的表一块带链的表Ane

12、edleandthread(针线针线)acoatandtie配有领带的上衣配有领带的上衣2021/8/9 星期一82）单、复数同形的名词作主语时，按意义一致的原则。单、复数同形的名词作主语时，按意义一致的原则。作单数意义时，谓语动词用单数，反之谓语动词用复数。作单数意义时，谓语动词用单数，反之谓语动词用复数。这类名词有：这类名词有：sheep,fish,deer,means(sheep,fish,deer,means(方法方法),),species(species(种类种类),works(),works(工厂工厂),Chinese,Japanese),Chinese,Japanese等。等。选

13、择填空选择填空 has/haveEverymeansbeentriedoutwithoutmuchresult.Allmeansbeentriedoutwithoutmuchresult.hashave was/wereThisshoeworkssetupin1980.Thoseshoeworksallsetupin1980.waswere2021/8/9 星期一93)3)表示成双成套的名词，如：表示成双成套的名词，如：chopsticks(chopsticks(筷子筷子),),compasses,clothes,glasses,jeans,scissors,compasses,clothes

14、,glasses,jeans,scissors,shoes,socks,trousers,gloves,shortsshoes,socks,trousers,gloves,shorts等，作主语时，等，作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式；但如与谓语动词通常用复数形式；但如与a kind of,a pair of,a kind of,a pair of,the pair of,a series of the pair of,a series of 连用，作主语时，连用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：谓语动词用单数形式。如：This kind of books is useful.=Books

15、of this kind are useful.2021/8/9 星期一104)某些集体名词（如某些集体名词（如 family,team family,team 等）作主语时，等）作主语时，如果作如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式单数形式；如果就其中一个个成员而；如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用言，谓语动词用复数复数。类似动词还有：。类似动词还有：class,club,company,crowd,enemy,government,class,club,company,crowd,enemy,government,group,party,public,team gro

16、up,party,public,team等。等。1)Hisfamily_(be)abigfamily2)Hisfamily_(be)listeningtomusicwhenhecameback3)ThepopulationinChina_(be)verylarge,andeightyofthepopulationinChina_(be)farmers.iswereisare2021/8/9 星期一115)就近原则就近原则下列连词连接两个主语时，及下列连词连接两个主语时，及therebe句型有多个并列主语，句型有多个并列主语，谓语应与最靠近的主语保持一致。谓语应与最靠近的主语保持一致。AorBe

17、itherAorBneitherAnorBnotonlyAbutalsoBtherebeA,BandCnotAbutB动词与靠近的主语一致1）Eitherthegirlortheboy_inCanada.(is/are)is2）NeitherhenorI_theanswer.(knows/know)know3）NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary_tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.are2021/8/9 星期一125）Youorhe_toblame你或他有一人要受责备。你或他有一人要受责备。_youorhetoblame?受责备的是

18、你还是他？受责备的是你还是他？Ais，IsBare，AreCis，AreDare，Is6)_eitherheoryouright?(be)(注意就近原则在疑问中的使用注意就近原则在疑问中的使用)Is4)You,heorIright.am7)Eitheryouortheheadmaster_theprizetothosegiftedstudentsatthemeeting.(NMET1994)A.ishandingoutB.aretohandoutC.arehandingoutD.istohandoutD2021/8/9 星期一136)就前原则就前原则,当主语后面跟有当主语后面跟有as well

19、 as,as much as,no less than,along with,as well as,as much as,no less than,along with,with,like,rather than,together with,but,with,like,rather than,together with,but,except,besides,including,in addition to except,besides,including,in addition to等词组时，其谓语动词的单复数按主语的单复数而定。等词组时，其谓语动词的单复数按主语的单复数而定。2）Nobody

20、butJohnandHelenabsent.I,ratherthanyou，responsiblefortheaccident.wasam1)Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,_visitingamuseumwhentheearthquakestruck.(NMET2004北京卷北京卷)A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbeA2021/8/9 星期一147)Noneof+n（复数）作主语，谓语用单数或复数均可（复数）作主语，谓语用单数或复数均可Noneof+n（单数）作主语，谓语用单数（单数）作主语，谓语用单数None of t

21、he cars was/were damaged.这些车都没有受损。None of the food has gone bad.食物没有变质。8)anumberof+n（复数）作主语，谓语用复数（复数）作主语，谓语用复数thenumberof+n（复数）作主语，谓语用单数（复数）作主语，谓语用单数Thenumberofthepeopleinvited_fifty,butanumberofthem_absentfordifferentreasons.(NMET1996)A.were,wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;werealargequantityof+c/u+谓语单

22、数谓语单数largequantitiesof+c/u+谓语复数谓语复数A large quantity of people is needed here.Large quantities of food have rotten away.C2021/8/9 星期一159 9）关系代词作主语，定语从句谓语动词的形式取决于其）关系代词作主语，定语从句谓语动词的形式取决于其先行词的单复数。先行词的单复数。He is one of He is one of the few personsthe few persons who who a a good knowledge of Italian.good

23、 knowledge of Italian.他是精通意大利语的少数人之一。他是精通意大利语的少数人之一。havewas He is He is the only one of the boysthe only one of the boys who who given a prize.given a prize.他是这些孩子中唯一受到奖励的。他是这些孩子中唯一受到奖励的。当当oneone之前有之前有the onlythe only修饰时，修饰时，oneone是是whowho 的先行词，从句谓语动词用单数。的先行词，从句谓语动词用单数。a great deal of/a large amount

24、 of+u+谓语单数 但large amounts of+u+谓语复数2021/8/9 星期一1610)10)倒装句中，必须认准哪是主语。如倒装句中，必须认准哪是主语。如：1)Between the two buildings 1)Between the two buildings (stand)(stand)a monument.a monument.2)On the ship 2)On the ship (be)(be)over 2,200 people.over 2,200 people.3)More than 1,500 people lost their lives.3)More t

25、han 1,500 people lost their lives.Among those Among those (be)(be)the young woman.the young woman.standswere/arewas11).such,thesame起指示代词作用，应根据其所指的内容起指示代词作用，应根据其所指的内容来确定单、复数。如：来确定单、复数。如：Suchisourplan.Sucharemyhopes.12).12).all all 做主语表示人时，谓动用复数；若表物，谓动则用单数。做主语表示人时，谓动用复数；若表物，谓动则用单数。All All isis well that ends well.well that ends well.All All areare eager to reach an agreement.eager to reach an agreement.2021/8/9 星期一1713)partof/halfof/percentof/onethirdof+名词，名词，谓语动词要与谓语动词要与of后面的名词保持一致。后面的名词保持一致。2021/8/9 星期一18THANK YOU!2021/8/9 星期一192021/8/9 星期一20