定语从句学习.pptx

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1、 有关系代词或关系副词引导用来修饰主句中的某一个名词或代词并起定语作用的从句,叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词,从句跟在先行词后面。定语从句的构成方法是：关系代词或副词+陈述句语序,关系代词有:who,whom,whose,which,that,as等;关系副词有when,where,why等。第1页/共46页关系代词之物时只用which不用that的情况(1)关系代词在从句中作介词宾语并且介词提前至关系代词前时只用which,但当介词在从句句尾时,两者皆可。This is the question about which weve had so much discussion.=Thi

2、s is the question which/that weve had so much discussion about.第2页/共46页(2)在非限定性定语从句中必须用which不能用that。This is the book which/that Im looking for.They have invited me to visit their country,which is very kind of them.当关系代词作look after,look for等不能拆开使用的及物动词性短语的宾语时,介词不可以提前。第3页/共46页1.关系副词where之地点,在从句中作地点状语。

3、This is the house where he lived.2.关系副词when指时间,在从句中作时间状语。Ill never forget the days when we played together.第4页/共46页3.关系副词why指原因,在从句中作原因状语。He explained the reason why he was late.注意:关系副词有时可用介词+which来代替。如上句中where=in which;when=on which;why=for which第5页/共46页Rewrite the sentence using the attributive cl

4、ause:1.I remember the day.“The Beatles”played their first hit on that day.I remember the day when“The Beatles”played their first hit.第6页/共46页2.The guitar was lost while he was touring.George gave many performances with it.The guitar with which George gave many performances was lost while he was tour

5、ing.3.The musicians were very popular.They worked with the musicians.The musicians with whom they worked were very popular.第7页/共46页第8页/共46页 1.that 与which1.Nothing _ can be done has been done.2.Do you have anything _ you dont understand?thatthat先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,no

6、ne等不定代词，引导定语从句用that第9页/共46页1.This is the best TV _ is made in China.2.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.thatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。第10页/共46页Ive read all the books _ you lent me.that先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last 修饰时,引导定语从句用that。第11页/共4

7、6页1.The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.2.A victim is a person,animal or thing _ suffers pain,death,harm,etc.先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that.thatthat第12页/共46页 Who _ you have ever seen can do it better?who做先行词时，引导定语从句用thatthat第13页/共46页1.Her ba

8、g,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.2.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars.3.Xiao Wang,with _ I went to the concert,enjoy it very much.whichwhichwhom在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom第14页/共46页1)看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配This is the book_ which you asked.注意：动词短语不能拆开即介词不能提前 forThe old man whom I am looking

9、after is better.如何判断介词第15页/共46页2).看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配 He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.with第16页/共46页3)根据先行词判断,所用的介词与先行词 搭配 This is our classroom,_ which there is a teachers desk.in the front of第17页/共46页whose 引导的定语从句表示所属关系 The river _ banks are covered with trees flow

10、s to the sea.whose3 Whose 的使用第18页/共46页There are in this class 20 students,_ are different.A.whose backgrounds B.the backgrounds of whomC.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose第19页/共46页The earth is round,_ we all know._ is known to all,the earth is round._ is known to all that the earth i

11、s round.as AsIt定语从句在句首时只能用as,as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的4 as 的使用第20页/共46页This is the same book as I lost.This is the same book that I lost.这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。第21页/共46页This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.asas这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。定语从句第22页/共46页This i

12、s such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.thatthat这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。结果状语从句第23页/共46页1.It is very useful to master a foreign language,_ has been said before.which 2 _ everyone hoped,Mary has won the first prize.Asas引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，句末，而which 引导定语从句不能放在句首.as译为正如

13、，好像,which 则没有此义。第24页/共46页 Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park.Ill never forget the time _ I spent with you.Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you.This is the museum _I visited last year.whenwhichthatwhichthatwhichthat第25页/共46页5 when,where,why 与that,which 的区分 This is the reaso

14、n _(=for which)I didnt come here.The reason _ she gave was not true.whythatwhich/that指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。第26页/共46页6 定语从句中的动词的数He is the only one in his class who _(have)got the teachers praise.He is one of the students in his class who _(have)got the teachers praise.hashave关系

15、词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词第27页/共46页Correct the mistakes1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many of them come from class two.2.My mother has a good book,which cover looks terrible.3.This is the very pen that you gave it to me before.4.There is an old woman,that is holding a stick.whomwhosewho第28页/共46页

16、5.Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday.6.The man whom I spoke is from Canada.7.July 1,1999 is the day when well never forget.tothat第29页/共46页8.Im going to work in the hospital where needs me.9.Those that havent been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate.whichwho第30页/共46页10.Miss Che

17、n is the only one of the few teachers who give us wonderful English lessons in our school.gives第31页/共46页11.Taiwan,that we know,belongs to China.12.The bike by which I travelled was his.ason第32页/共46页13.This is the place where we visited many times during the past ten years.14.They have decided to sta

18、y at home,that is,I think,a wise choice.15.The day will come which the people all over the world will enjoy true freedom.where that/which或去掉wherethat whichwhich when第33页/共46页16.He is a man of great experience,from who we can learn much.17.Antarctic,which we know very little,is covered with thick ice

19、 all the year round.18.It was a meeting which importance I didnt realize at that time.which whose who whomwhich前或little后加about第34页/共46页1.George Orwell _ was Eric Arthur,wrote many political novels and essays.A.the real name B.what his real name C.his real name D.whose real name高考链接D解析:答案D。whose引导定语从

20、句时,只能在从句中作定语,其他各项均构不成定语从句。第35页/共46页2.Anyway,that evening,_ Ill tell you more about later,I ended up staying at Rachels place.A.when B.where C.what D.which D解析:答案D。whose引导定语从句时,只能在从句中作定语,其他各项均构不成定语从句。第36页/共46页3.What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it.A.the way B.in the way that C.in t

21、he way D.the way whichA解析:答案A。the way后的定语从句可用in which或that引导,也可全省略。第37页/共46页4.Luckily,wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way.A.it B.that C.this D.whichD解析:答案D。without+which引导定语从句。第38页/共46页5.(NMET2004)The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success

22、.A.for which B.at which C.in which D.on which 第39页/共46页6.(2000上海)Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,_ was very reasonable.A.Which price B.the price of which C.its price D.the price of whose第40页/共46页7.(89上海)The two things _ they felt very proud were Jims gold watch and Dellas hair.A.about whic

23、h B.of which C.in which D.for which第41页/共46页8.She is a teacher of much knowledge,_ much can be learned.A.who B.that C.from which D.from whom9.I have bought two ball pens,_ writes well.A.none of which B.neither of which C.none of them D.neither of them第42页/共46页注意:“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,关系代词只能用which和whom,且不

24、能省略。介词主要根据三个方面来选择:一是先行词与介词的搭配;二是定语从句中谓语动词或形容词与介词的搭配;三是根据“介词+关系代词”在从句中的作用及意义。第43页/共46页用适当的介词补充完整下列定语从句。1.I disagree with the facts _ which your argument is based.2.The song,_ which he was interested,will never be heard again.3.This is the reason _ which he often comes to school late.4.I will never fo

25、rget the way _ which my teacher taught me.5.This is the hero _ whom we are proud.on in forinof第44页/共46页6.I want to find the very pen _ which I wrote that letter.7.They are the students _ whom our teachers are thinking highly.8.It is important to choose good friends _ whom you can share your feelings and thoughts.9.It will not be necessary to name the person _ whom the card belongs.10.I would always like to do business with those people _ whom I can rely.withof withtoon/upon第45页/共46页感谢您的观看！第46页/共46页