(精品)原因结果型英文写作技巧.ppt

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1、Cause and EffectSentence Patterns and HomeworkWhat has sparked the increasing interest in exercise?For one thing,people have gained a greater awareness of the need for physical fitness.For another,the constantly improving standard of living enables Chinese people to patronize the increasing number o

2、f recreational venues.The main thing perhaps centers on the healthcare and psychological benefits exercise provides.什么引发了人们对锻炼越来越浓的兴趣？一方面，人们更加清楚地意识到保持身体健康的必要性。另一方面，不断提高的生活水平使中国人能够支付增加的娱乐支出。最主要的原因可能在于锻炼带来的身心健康的双赢。Sentence Pattern to Follow EffectCause 1Cause 2Cause 3Cause&Effect Relation Topic:My lea

3、rning experience in junior schoolCause I had a kind and patient teacher who often praised all of the students.Effect Because of this positive method,I eagerly answered all the questions I could,never worrying much about making mistakes.I was at the top of my class for two years.The deep impact of op

4、ening to the outside world is readily discernible in a number of areas:the adoption of many Western habits,both good and bad;changing social and moral values;the trend towards individualism;and the introduction of state-of-the-art concepts and technology.The key to adopting Western way centers on ac

5、cepting the good and rejecting the bad.对外开放的深刻影响在许多方面都能看到：模仿西方的习惯，包括好的和坏的；改变社会和道德价值观；个人主义的趋势；引进已发展的概念和技术。采取西方方式的关键在于取其精华，去其糟粕。Sentence Pattern to FollowIII.Cause-and-Effect Discouse at Paragraph Level3.1 主主题题句句“果果”“果因果因”型型语语段段3.2 主主题题句句“因因”“因果因果”型型语语段段3.3 主主题题句句“果果”，发发展句分析因，再次展句分析因，再次归纳归纳论论点点3.4 “果果

6、-因因-果果”型型语语段段3.5 “因因-果果-因因-果果”型型语语段段There is no life on Earth.(S1)For one thing,Earths surface in the area of Manhattan（曼哈顿）is composed of solid concrete(混凝土)and nothing can grow there.(S2)For another,the atmosphere is filled with carbon monoxide（一氧化碳）and other deadly gases and nobody could possibly

7、 breathe this air and survive.(S3)topic sentence 主题主题S1effect(果果)S2S3cause 2(因因)cause 1(因因)分析分析主题句主题句“果果”，“果因果因”型型语段语段The rapidly emerging sexual revolution has been accompanied by many disturbing trends.Perhaps the most serious consequences center on the rapid spread of sexually transmitted disease

8、s(STDs),rising prostitution and the rise in AIDS cases.伴随着迅速出现的性革命有很多令人烦恼的趋势。最严重的后果可能是性传染病的迅速蔓延、卖淫现象及艾滋病患者的增多。Sentence Pattern to Follow主题句主题句“因因”“因果因果”型型语段语段The two-day weekend is sincerely popular with college students.It offers students more leisure time for their hobbies and entertainments,which

9、 help them relax completely after five-day hard work.It also relieves the pressure on them from too many courses and assignments.Therefore,many students try to enjoy themselves in many interesting ways such as going camping and having a potluck party.主题句主题句“果果”，发展句分析因，再次归纳论，发展句分析因，再次归纳论点点“果果-因因-果果”型

10、语段型语段Although blacks had“freedom”in a legal sense,most of them still did not have any education or economic independence.Consequently,they were helpless to participate significantly in the political process to try to improve their status.Except for farm work,most former slaves had no skills.As a res

11、ult,many blacks went back to work for the same white people who used to be their masters.“因因-果果-因因-果果”型语段型语段 1:Has the cause/effect relationship been effectively addressed?2:Has sufficient supporting detail been included?3:Does the writing contain an effective opening and closing?4:Does the writing

12、form a meaningful whole?Writing and Revising EvaluatingThe signal words of cause-effect so consequently the result ofas therefore the effect ofthus because of the consequence ofsince accordingly have an effect onowing to for this reason the reason fordue to as a result as a result ofhence result in

13、It follows thatbecause sothat the cause ofso that now that for fear thatthanks to suchthat owetoout of so asto seeing that effectstherefore,soas a result,consequently,accordingly,because of this,thus,hence,for this reason,result in causesdue to,because of,owing to,as a result of,on account of,for,on

14、 the ground of,through,because,since,as,on the ground thatTransitional Words and Phrases 常用于因果分析法的连接词常用于因果分析法的连接词 because,because of,for,since,due to,owing to,thanks to,as a result(of),accordingly,hence,so,thus,therefore,consequently,for this reason For one thing,for another,The first reason is that

15、 the second one is It is mainly(partly)because of It is not that,but that It is not because but because This is why Sentence Pattern to FollowTwo major factors contributed to devastating summer flooding along the Yangtze River and its tributaries.First,erosion resulting from excessive deforestation

16、in the upper reaches of the river and,second,heavy silting which raised the riverbed in the main channel.两个主要因素导致了夏季长江及其支流的特大洪水。第一，过度砍伐引起的河流上游的侵蚀，第二，严重的泥沙淤积抬高了主干道的河床。Greed and a total lack of social consciousness have been cited as major reasons for the dramatic rise of corruption.人们认为贪婪和社会意识的彻底缺乏是造

17、成腐败急剧增加的主要原因。Identifying the reasons for an emerging phenomenon which involves several complicated factors is far from an easy task.For example,some scientists attribute environmental deterioration to a series of natural factors,while others place the blame solely（独自的，（独自的，单单独的）独的）on inappropriate human behavior.要找到涉及许多复杂因素的新现象的原因远非一件易事。例如，一些科学家把环境的恶化归结为一些自然因素，而另一些人把责任都推在人类不适当的行为上。Sentence Pattern to FollowAssignment:The Popularity of Online ShoppingYou can focus on either causes or effects.