(精品)法国与印第安人的战争.ppt

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1、The French and Indian War“You and the French are like two edges of a pair of shears,and we are the cloth that is cut to pieces between them.”Native American to an English manFrance Claims Western LandsFrench exploring interior of AmericaLate 1600s France had claimed the Ohio River Valley,the Mississ

2、ippi River Valley,and the great lake region.Louisiana(La Salle)stretched from the Appalachian Mountains to the Rocky Mountains PAGE 132 and 134French Main SettlementsQuebec and MontrealLocated along the St.Lawrence RiverNew Orleans Mississippi River*Why are these settlements so important?French Popu

3、lation1760 NEW FRANCE had about 80,000 people(England had over 1 million)*Why is their such a difference in population?French were mostly fur trappers who traded with the NativesFurs,guns,knives,iron pots,etc.Native American Alliances*English competed with the French for furs*Native American groups

4、competed to supply Europeans with fursNative American Alliances*The fur trade created economic and military rivalries and alliances between the Native Americans and the Europeans.These alliances between the Natives and Europeans led to their involvement in the war.Algonquin and Huron sided with the

5、French while the Iroquois became divided*Conflict in the Ohio River ValleySeeds of war planted by when British fur traders moved into the Ohio River Valley in the 1750s.British land companies were also planning to settle colonists there.War Begins and SpreadsTo keep British out of the valley,they de

6、stroy a British trading post(Pickawillany)The French then built forts to protect the region linking their Canadian and Louisiana settlementsVirginia ReactsSend major George Washington to ask the French to leaveEnglish build a fort close to present day PittsburgFrench seize the fort before they were

7、done and name it Fort Duquesne“He told me the Country belognd to them,that no English Man had a right to trade upon them Waters;&that he had Orders to make every Person Prisoner that attempted it on the Ohio or the Waters on it.”G.W.Fort NecessityWashington was on his way to Fort Duquesne when he he

8、ard of its surrenderInstead,he built a small fort but was attacked and forced to surrender(July 3,1754)*Albany Plan of UnionWhile the fighting was beginning,representatives were trying to get the Iroquois to fight with the colonists(English)*Ben Franklin was trying to get the colonists to join toget

9、her for defensive purposesCouncil that could collect taxes,make treaties,raise an army,and make new settlements.Braddocks DefeatJuly 9,1755:Marched on Fort Duquesne with 2 regiments and WashingtonThey were ambushed and destroyed1000 English men were killed or woundedThe English new it would take mor

10、e to defeat the FrenchThe British Take QuebecWilliam Pitt Sec.of StateNew Philosophy on the warSent more troops,nations top generals and more money to win the warTurning PointQuebec cliff 300 feet above the St.Lawrence River loaded with cannons and troopsFor 2 months sailed around looking for a way

11、to capture it eventually found an unguarded path up the cliffTuring PointAt night fall 4,000 British snuck up the cliff and waitedSurprised the French in the morningMontreal falls within the year*Why do you think Battle of Quebec is a turning point in the war?*Treaty of Paris*Britain received all la

12、nd east of the MississippiSpain received all land west of the Mississippi and New Orleans for its help*Britain got Florida from Spain in exchange for Cuba and the Philippines*Treaty ended the war as well as French power in North AmericaPontiacs Rebellion*Proclamation of 1763 forbid colonists to settle west of Appalachian MountainsB/C new they couldnt protect them against Natives or FrenchColonists are not happy about this;feel it is their right to settle the land豆丁人文家园提供文史哲类外文原著http:/