高考阅读理解专项指导--猜测词义2.ppt

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1、高考阅读微技能高考阅读微技能-猜测词义猜测词义A guessing game1.What must you keep after giving it to someone else?Your word.2.Which travels faster,heat or cold?Heat.You can catch cold.3.What might one magnet(磁铁磁铁）say to another magnet?Youre attractive.4.Where does Friday come before Thursday?In the dictionary.5.Its yours,

2、but others use it more than you do.What is it?Your name.Sum up:How can you make a guess?Make full use of the information given in the sentence.Use the meanings of other words in the sentence.利用上下文猜测词义利用上下文猜测词义 1Definition and Explanation 利用定义或解释利用定义或解释 skimming=looking over a passage quickly ecology

3、=a branch of biology that deals with the habits of living things,especially their relation to their environment be immortal=will live for ever vertebrates=animals that have backbones 快速浏览快速浏览,略读略读生态学生态学永远活着永远活着,不死的不死的有脊椎动物有脊椎动物 mean意思是意思是,refer to指的是指的是,be called被称为被称为,be known as作为作为为人所知为人所知,can be

4、 defined as可被定义为可被定义为,that is即即,or即即,namely即即,that is to say即是说即是说,in other words换言之换言之 作者常使用的标志词语有作者常使用的标志词语有:2Examples and Classification利用举例和类别利用举例和类别 作者常使用的标志词语有作者常使用的标志词语有:example,for example,for instance例如例如,such as,like,as examples:Time Magazine,News Week,classification:magazines=periodicals

5、examples:TV sets,washing machines,classification:household appliances期刊期刊,杂志杂志家用电器家用电器3Comparison and Contrast 利用比较和对比利用比较和对比 作者常使用的标志词语有作者常使用的标志词语有:unlike不象不象,like,asas与与一样一样,morethan,be different from,opposite to与与相反相反,on the contrary相反相反,while而而,compared with/to,in common(with)fillip=inexpensive

6、A is to B what C is to D.A对对B就如同就如同C对对D.食物对人就如同食物对人就如同_ 对庄稼对庄稼.肥料肥料 middle aged 对应对应older,tall 对应对应much shorter,as plump as 对应对应fatplump=fat 肥胖的肥胖的便宜的便宜的4Description 利用具体的描述进行概括利用具体的描述进行概括 wretched=miserable悲惨的悲惨的5Repetition of concepts and sentence structures 利用重复的表述或句子结构利用重复的表述或句子结构 worked from mo

7、rning till night,in all kinds of weather,earn only enough to buy simple food and cheap clothes before I understood anything,all I could make out was that,I hadnt the lightest idea make out=understand 理解理解利用语法知识猜测词义利用语法知识猜测词义1利用定语从句利用定语从句 2利用同位语利用同位语 which are cancer-causing genes 修饰先行词修饰先行词 oncogene

8、s致癌基因致癌基因 adolescence=the period between childhood and adulthood青春期青春期3利用关联词语利用关联词语4利用标点符号利用标点符号 提示提示:括号，破折号，冒号表解释括号，破折号，冒号表解释,说明说明 external fat=fat under the skin internal fat=fat inside the body internal=inside external=outside内部的内部的 外部的外部的,皮下的皮下的 由由however知道知道dissent是是agree的反义词的反义词 dissent=disagr

9、ee 不同意不同意利用常识猜测词义利用常识猜测词义 门很低门很低,头容易撞到头容易撞到_ lintel.门楣门楣 从屋顶上的从屋顶上的_antenna知道房子里有电视知道房子里有电视天线天线鱼用鱼用 gills呼吸呼吸 鳃鳃利用构词法猜测词义利用构词法猜测词义 over+load-overload 超过超过+负担负担 -超负荷超负荷,超载超载 free 免费免费 give away 赠送赠送 freebies dis 不不+honor 光荣光荣-不光荣不光荣,耻辱耻辱免费赠品免费赠品常见的前缀常见的前缀 prefixmeaningexamplesantiagainstanti-warexfor

10、merex-wife,ex-presidentexout ofexternal,export misbadly/wronglymisunderstand,misleadovertoo muchoversleep,overeatreagain/backrewrite,returnundernot enoughundercookedsubundersubwayin,un,dis notincorrect,disagree,unlike 小结小结:遇到生词莫紧张遇到生词莫紧张,先跳后猜是方向先跳后猜是方向.上文下文找线索上文下文找线索,构词方法能帮忙构词方法能帮忙.有关知识可利用有关知识可利用,切莫纠缠把时荒切莫纠缠把时荒.